scholarly journals Analysis on ASEAN and European Union Policies Regarding Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 3220-3232
Author(s):  
Shanti Darmastuti ◽  
Mansur Juned ◽  
Sophiana Widiastutie
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Institutional Cooperation ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
The Eu

COVID-19 has impacted multiple sectors of life. Experts believe that regional cooperation is a key effort that should be done to deal the COVID-19 pandemic. Regional cooperation starts with common interests among parties and provides benefits for every country involved in it. This article provides an overview of the socio-economic impact of COVID-19 as well as a comparison of the forms of regional cooperation carried out by Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the European Union (EU) in responding COVID-19. This study uses literature studies in data collection. From the results of several studies that have been carried out before, both regions chose to conduct cooperation in the health and economic fields to respond to COVID-19. ASEAN's response in responding to the pandemic can be seen stronger in the principles of partnership that have been established with several partner countries. In addition, the principle of solidarity, exchange of information, knowledge, as well as strengthening institutional cooperation in ASEAN itself is an important point in the regional cooperation carried out. On the other hand, in addition to cooperation in the health sector, EU focuses on financial instruments among its collaborative approaches in the availability of aid packages to banking actors and institutions. The package of assistance provided by the EU to avoid market distortions and revive economic sectors is provided through the provision of credit and liquidity.

Neither here, not there: Bulgaria and Romania in current European politics☆

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor D. Bojkov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Political Transition ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Politics ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
The Eu

The article analyses the process of EU enlargement with reference to the progress that Bulgaria and Romania have made within it. It is argued that leaving them out of the wave of accession finalised in May 2004 for ten of the candidate states, has placed them in a situation of double exclusion. Firstly, their geographical belonging to the region of Southeast Europe has been rendered non-essential by their advanced position within the EU enlargement process. Secondly, their achievement in economic and political transition has been removed from the progress of the ten states, which joined the EU in May 2004 by delaying the time of their accession. As a result, any efforts in regional cooperation and integration between Bulgaria and Romania on one hand, and other Southeast European states on the other, have been effectively cancelled. Moreover, in current European politics, the two countries have come to serve the unenviable role of exemplifying on the part of the European Union how progress is being awarded and hesitation punished.

scholarly journals A historical and judicial approach on the transformation of the European Communities, the predecessors of the European Union, into an institutional model across the region

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Mihail Poalelungi ◽  
◽  
Mihai Poalelungi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Level ◽  
Broad Area ◽  
Institutional Governance ◽  
Institutional Model ◽  
The Eu

The process of European integration has never followed a clear path and the current EU predecessors had never been by far the only efforts of the regional integration in Europe. Created in the 1950s, the European Communities as today’s EU predecessors, have overdue emerged in a very broad area populated by international organizations and various cooperation institutions. This organization, only by matching economic and political challenges, succeeded in becoming the most important cooperation forum between European states. Although in the early 1950s the Western European states could often choose between various forms of regional cooperation, today the EU is frequently seen as the only available at the European level option and the only model of institutional governance.

MANAGEMENT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION CROSS-BORDER PROJECTS: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE VISEGRAD GROUP COUNTRIES AS A PROSPECT OF INTEGRATION FOR UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Marta Sydoruk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
European Neighbourhood Policy ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Foreign Policy ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
The Eu

The present study aims to analyze the development of the European Neighbourhood Policy as a concept of relations between Ukraine and the European Union (EU). The paper starts with an overview of the Ukraine-EU relations and the outline of Ukraine’s reasons for seeking closer ties with the European Union. This article introduces shaping the Eastern dimension of the EU foreign policy as a result of cooperation with the European Union and enhancing of the European Neighbourhood Policy financial instruments.

scholarly journals COOPERATION BETWEEN EU AND KAZAKHSTAN IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Aitmagambetov ◽  
◽  
D.N. Aubakirova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Institutional Cooperation ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Training ◽  
The Eu

This article is devoted to the educational policy of the European Union in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The EU and Kazakhstan cooperate in the field of education and training in order to promote the modernization of education and training systems in Kazakhstan and bring them closer to EU policies and practices. The parties cooperate to promote lifelong learning and encourage collaboration and transparency at all levels of education and training. In addition, the EU and the Republic of Kazakhstan attach particular importance to measures aimed at strengthening inter-institutional cooperation, promoting the mobility of students, faculty and administrative staff, researchers and young people, and encouraging the exchange of information and experience.

scholarly journals The Problem of Gibraltar in British-Spanish Relations in the Context of Brexi

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 64-75
Author(s):  
Natalia Anikeeva ◽  
◽  
Natalia Kapitonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
European Council ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

The article deals with the problem of Gibraltar in British-Spanish relations in light of Brexit. The provisions of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 do not allow the UK and Spain to reach a compromise and move forward in resolving the dispute over Gibraltar. From Britain’s perspective, the Gibraltar issue appears to be a permanent and irritating element in relations with Spain. Gibraltar does not seek to return to the jurisdiction of Spain, as indicated by the results of referendums held in Gibraltar in 1967 and 2002. During the negotiations on regional cooperation in 2004, the parties announced the creation of the Forum "Dialogue on Gibraltar". In 2006, within the framework of the first ministerial meeting of the Forum, the Cordoba agreement was signed, which does not mention the problem of sovereignty, as well as other controversial issues of the Gibraltar problem, but specifically settles inter alia the problem of freedom of movement according to one of the fundamental principles of the EU. Spain considered Brexit as an opportunity to resolve a long-running historic dispute with London. According to Madrid, all parties lose from Brexit. At the same time, Spain managed to strengthen its position on the Gibraltar issue, having enlisted the support of the European Commission and the European Council. The UK as a whole voted to leave the European Union. This puts the Gibraltar in a difficult position: they do not want to leave the EU, but at the same time intend to keep belonging to the British crown.

Connecting Eurasia

2020 ◽  
pp. 234-250
Author(s):  
Fabienne Bossuyt ◽  
Irina Bolgova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
The Common ◽  
Willingness To Cooperate ◽  
The Eu

As China further embarks on implementing its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and remains firmly set on pursuing the ambitious goal of connecting China overland with Europe, the European Union (EU) and Russia - as indispensable stakeholders for this continental connection to successfully materialize – have been developing policy responses to China's initiative that reveal an unexpected willingness to cooperate. In scrutinizing the likelihood of cooperation on connectivity between the EU, China, and Russia in Central Asia, this chapter identifies the common interests between the three sides, and highlights to what extent cooperation between them is possible in Central Asia. In doing so, the chapter points to the main opportunities while outlining the main bottlenecks, which mostly stem from the underlying geopolitical rivalry between these three actors, as well as their diverging beliefs and approaches to connectivity and development.

EU Health Policy

2015 ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
Hakan Cavlak ◽  
Abdülkadir Işik ◽  
Davuthan Günaydin
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Maastricht Treaty ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Market System ◽  
The Eu

Although not openly identified in treaties until the Maastricht Treaty, health has always been a crucial area for the European Union (EU), since freedoms provided and regulations brought by common market also dealt with several sections of the health sector. All concerning parts of health sector have to be subject to both freedoms and regulations of single market system. Despite the value given to health and related issues, a separate or supranational policy dealing with health issues has not been formed by the EU. The member states keep their privilege on health policies. However, the EU does not stay completely aside of health issues; on the contrary, the EU got involved in certain areas of health, especially the ones which have cross-border implications. In this chapter, the matter of to what extent the EU got involved in health issues is researched and the question of if the EU has a concrete health policy is analyzed.

Stosunki Unii Europejskiej z Republiką Indii

2014 ◽  
pp. 24-47
Author(s):  
Wojciech Stankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Cooperation ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Whole Systems ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Special Meeting

The Republic of India is becoming increasingly more influential and important both in the region and on the international arena. Since the first special meeting of the European Union and the Republic of India in Lisbon in 2000 their relations have become stronger within the areas of politics, geopolitics, economics and trade. However, in spite of admirable agreements, declarations, meetings, and numerous assurances, the strategic partnership is not functioning truly effectively. According to the Announcement signed in 2004 and the Joint Action Plan adopted in 2005, and brought up to date in 2008, a mutual purpose of the EU and India is to deepen the dialogue and broaden the cooperation. The European Union perceives very few states as possible strategic partners. Republic of India and the European Union differ in understanding common interests of the cooperation. One side is aspiring to strengthen its position as the regional leader and influential member of international arena. The other partner is doing its best to form a whole systems of alliances with a specific coalition of interests. The imperfection of arrangements, especially their excessive vagueness, strongly suggests that the political cooperation is almost impossible.

Networks and European Union Politics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Thurner
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Network Governance ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Eu

The European Union (EU) is a regional cooperation regime with a specific and still fluid governance structure. It constitutes the world’s largest and institutionally most deeply integrated system of international relations with supranational features. As a consequence, the literature on the EU often emphasizes informality, multilevel aspects, and its “network governance” character. Network analysis is therefore a promising perspective for the systematic investigation of complex networks of formalized actor relations as well as of informal and implicit political structures and processes in the EU. Applied network analysis is meanwhile used for the investigation of multi-level policy preparation, of collective decision-making in the political system in the EU, and of the implementation process of EU policies in the Member States.

scholarly journals Major changes affecting EU funded loan and equity scheme management in 2021-2027 budgetary period

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-408
Author(s):  
Márk Bató
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Eu Structural Funds ◽  
Capital Injections ◽  
The Eu

Approximately ten percent of support from the European Union structural funds sources was utilised as financial instruments in the 2014-2020 EU budgetary period. The term ‘financial instruments’ represents support in the form of loans and capital injections in Hungary. Programmes for 2021-2027 have not been finalised yet, but major amounts of money are expected to be used in the form of financial instruments. Therefore, one should review the changes affecting the criteria to use EU structural funds, which determine development policies in the next period regarding loan and equity schemes. Both the EU and the Hungarian regulatory framework have been established, they can be studied and used as the starting point of further planning. In this paper the major components of the relevant regulatory framework including its practical conclusions to be expected are discussed.

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