scholarly journals Solar Driven Photocatalysis – an Efficient Method for Removal of Pesticides from Water and Wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9071-9084
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Method ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
The Road ◽  
Photocatalytic Removal ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Science Innovation ◽  
Suitable Technique

Owing to extensive agricultural activity, the growth of the agrochemical sector has expanded substantially over the last several decades. The use of pesticides has raised significantly for recent years as farming practices have become very demanding. Pollution of water bodies has become widespread and detracting due to the accumulation of pesticides. The standard biological treatment based on microorganism action is not a suitable technique in the processing of pesticides present in water due to their contamination even at extremely low levels. Scientists have adopted various measures to decontaminate water and introduced other methods for pesticide abatement. The efficient and fruitful methodology of photocatalytic degradation is because of the advantage of its total mineralization and not its delegate transformation. So as to utilize practical, protected, and green science innovation, photocatalytic debasement of pesticides as an imaginative technique for future examinations, comprehension of the middle of the road arrangement, corruption pathway, biodegradability, and natural maintainability is required. The aim of the review is to present several technologies based on the solar-driven photocatalytic removal of pesticides from different waters.

Study on the Collection and Utilization of Ice and Snow in Winter Based on the Urban Double Surface Constructed Wetland System

2012 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Xia Xue ◽  
Han Xu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
The Road ◽  
Heating Cable ◽  
Northern Cities ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Double Surface

Ice and snow cleaning on the road has been the disturbing issue in northern cities. A series of problems resulting from ice and snow also have caused loss to people’s lives and national economy, such as traffic congestion and frequent accidents. Moreover the resource waste exits due to irrational development and utilization. In this paper based on the recycle and utilization system of urban street rainwater, heating cable assemblies are added and the collection, melting, chemical and biological treatment and reuse of ice and snow are finally achieved through remote control, providing the advanced research ideas for the reclamation and utilization of urban rainwater and snow and water cycle.

Effects of Sensor Errors on the Performance of Map Matching

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Chen ◽  
Zhilin Li ◽  
Meng Yu ◽  
Yongqi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Dead Reckoning ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Map Matching ◽  
The Road ◽  
Sensor Errors

Map matching has been widely applied in car navigation systems as an efficient method to display the location of vehicles on maps. Various map-matching algorithms have been proposed. Inevitably, the correctness of the map matching is closely related to the accuracy of positioning sensors, such as GPS or Dead Reckoning (DR), and the complexity of the road network and map, especially in urban areas where the GPS signal may be constantly blocked by buildings and the road network is complicated. The existing map matching algorithms cannot resolve the positioning problems under all circumstances. They sometimes give the wrong position estimates of the car on road; the result is called mismatching. In order to improve the quality of map matching, a deep understand of the accuracy of sensor errors on mismatching is important. This paper analyses various factors that may affect the quality of map matching based on extensive tests in Hong Kong. Suggestions to improve the success rate of map matching are also provided.

ANALYSIS OF LOW LEVELS OF FREE AND CONJUGATED SNYTHETIC AND NATURAL ESTROGEN HORMONES IN WATER AND WASTEWATER

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (10) ◽  
pp. 5184-5194
Author(s):  
Robert F. Chimchirian ◽  
Rominder P.S. Suri ◽  
John Stofey
Keyword(s):  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Low Levels

Photocatalytic removal of perfluoroalkyl substances from water and wastewater: Mechanism, kinetics and controlling factors

Chemosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 717-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bentuo Xu ◽  
Mohammad Boshir Ahmed ◽  
John L. Zhou ◽  
Ali Altaee ◽  
Minghong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Substances ◽  
Photocatalytic Removal ◽  
Water And Wastewater

scholarly journals Safe Pedestrian Behaviours among Children Aged 7 to 9 in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Low Fin ◽  
Nurfatin Suhaimi ◽  
Nur Nor ◽  
Amelia Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
The Road ◽  
Large N ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

The present study examined safe pedestrian behaviours according to the Malaysian Road Safety Education module among 7-year-old to 9-year-old children in Malaysia. A survey was conducted with a relatively large (n = 1206) random sample of children aged 7 to 9 years old, drawn from 24 selected schools in six states in Malaysia based on the highest numbers of crash cases. Analysis of one-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant difference in safe pedestrian behaviours between different ages. Post hoc comparisons using the Tukey HSD test indicated that the mean score of safe pedestrian behaviours for 7-year-old children was significantly higher than that of 8-year-old children (p = .004) and 9-year-old children (p = .021). No statistically significant difference was revealed between the 8-year-olds and 9-year-olds (p = .859) at the 0.05 level. Although many children reported safe pedestrian behaviours, low levels of certain safe pedestrian behaviours were also reported – less than 30% of the children aged 7 to 9 reported to ‘always’ wear bright clothes, walk against the traffic, and wave at the drivers to cross the road. In addition, a small percentage (9.9-13.6%) of children aged 7 to 9 also reported to ‘always’ wear dark clothes at night, cross the street between parked cars, and run to cross the road. These findings may inform programs to improve children’s safe pedestrian behaviours.

scholarly journals An Efficient Method for Choosing Digital Cluster Size in Ultralow Latency Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Alexander Paramonov ◽  
Mashael Khayyat ◽  
Natalia Chistova ◽  
Ammar Muthanna ◽  
Ibrahim A. Elgendy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Numerical Experiment ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Cluster Size ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Linear Dimension ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Communication Line ◽  
Dimension Estimation ◽  
The Road

The paper proposes a solution to the problem of choosing the size of a cluster in an ultralow latency network. This work is aimed at designing a method for choosing the size of the digital cluster in an ultralow latency network taking into account the lengths of connecting lines. If the linear dimension calculation is based only on the latency requirements without specifics of building the communication line, it negatively affects timing characteristics. This paper shows the method taking into account the communication line features and basing on the fractal dimension estimation of the road network. The proposed method could be used in planning and designing networks with ultralow latencies. Finally, a numerical experiment was carried out, based on the data of electronic maps, which showed that the assessment of the fractal dimension of roads in the network’s service area makes it possible to increase the accuracy of the size of the formed cluster. Moreover, the proposed method can allow you to reduce the error in estimating the length of connecting lines, which without using it can be on average about 30%.

scholarly journals Productivity Constraints of Cholistani Farmers

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (4II) ◽  
pp. 549-563
Author(s):  
Naheed Zia Khan ◽  
Karamat Ali ◽  
John R. Anania
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
Low Levels

This paper examines the factors behind low crop yield in Cholistan. Both the quantitative and qualitative analysis show how the low levels of agricultural productivity in this area may be linked to material and climatic factors. The quantitative analysis is mainly focused on physical factors. The qualitative analysis, however, emphasises that relative inefficiency of agricultural activity in Cholistan reflects the influence of physical, economic, social and, most importantly, climatic factors. The quantitative findings provide valuable insight into various ‘sources of productivity’ in terms of acreage effect, capital input effect and irrigation water availability effect. The size of the positive and significant coefficients on these variables suggest the extent to which one or the other variable effect is prominent in improving the crop yield. The qualitative analysis examines multiple interrelated factors which can be blamed on for relative inefficiency of Cholistani farmers. The hot climate of the area turns out to be the most critical variable in this analysis. Many specific technological drought-mitigating measures are proposed. However, for consistent policy formulation, a thorough study and quantitative evaluation of the potential and practicality of these measures in Cholistan is suggested.

scholarly journals A Study of Nutrient Distribution in Sediment Layer at Sembrong Dam

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
SH Abu Talib ◽  
SIN Syed Hashim ◽  
MS Abustan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Periodic Monitoring ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Sediment Corer

Reservoir is one of the key sources of water supply as it provides hydroelectric power, domestic usage, agriculture, farming, recreation and provides flood protection. Sedimentation in the reservoir makes the storage of water loss and the sediment sink contain a source of nutrients. Sediment deposition creates habitats for aquatic life but if too much sediment, it can destroy their habitats and even physically alter a waterway. The use of nutrients such as Total Phosphorus (TP) is key to growing plants and animals thus to feed growing populations. An excess of nutrients in the reservoir such as from agricultural activity makes algae growth rapidly and it can affected the water quality in the reservoir. This research was conducted at the Sembrong dam as this dam is a major water source for people in Kluang and parts Batu Pahat and the water quality become decreased because of algae bloom. The main objective of this study is to determine the distribution of nutrient in different location and to determine the nutrient distribution in vertical sediment layer. The study were conducted by taking sediments samples throughout the reservoir by using sediment corer and the sediment have been sliced every 5 cm. The samples were digested using USEPA Method 3050B which is acid digestion for sediments, sludge and soil for TP. The laboratory testing on these nutrients was conducted by following Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (APHA, 1999) using spectrophotometer. The highest value of TP obtain is at outlet of the reservoir which is 30.72 mg/l. The results obtained shows that the top of sediment has high number of TP and it decreasing by depth. However, continuous and periodic monitoring should be done to avoid the increasing of the concentration of TP in the sediment to ensure the life of Sembrong dam can be extending for future.

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