Effects of Sensor Errors on the Performance of Map Matching

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Chen ◽  
Zhilin Li ◽  
Meng Yu ◽  
Yongqi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Dead Reckoning ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Map Matching ◽  
The Road ◽  
Sensor Errors

Map matching has been widely applied in car navigation systems as an efficient method to display the location of vehicles on maps. Various map-matching algorithms have been proposed. Inevitably, the correctness of the map matching is closely related to the accuracy of positioning sensors, such as GPS or Dead Reckoning (DR), and the complexity of the road network and map, especially in urban areas where the GPS signal may be constantly blocked by buildings and the road network is complicated. The existing map matching algorithms cannot resolve the positioning problems under all circumstances. They sometimes give the wrong position estimates of the car on road; the result is called mismatching. In order to improve the quality of map matching, a deep understand of the accuracy of sensor errors on mismatching is important. This paper analyses various factors that may affect the quality of map matching based on extensive tests in Hong Kong. Suggestions to improve the success rate of map matching are also provided.

scholarly journals CNN-BASED PLACE RECOGNITION TECHNIQUE FOR LIDAR SLAM

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-2-2020 ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Y. Yang ◽  
S. Song ◽  
C. Toth
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Dead Reckoning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Place Recognition ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
Localization And Mapping ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
3D Descriptors

Abstract. Place recognition or loop closure is a technique to recognize landmarks and/or scenes visited by a mobile sensing platform previously in an area. The technique is a key function for robustly practicing Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) in any environment, including the global positioning system (GPS) denied environment by enabling to perform the global optimization to compensate the drift of dead-reckoning navigation systems. Place recognition in 3D point clouds is a challenging task which is traditionally handled with the aid of other sensors, such as camera and GPS. Unfortunately, visual place recognition techniques may be impacted by changes in illumination and texture, and GPS may perform poorly in urban areas. To mitigate this problem, state-of-art Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)-based 3D descriptors may be directly applied to 3D point clouds. In this work, we investigated the performance of different classification strategies utilizing a cutting-edge CNN-based 3D global descriptor (PointNetVLAD) for place recognition task on the Oxford RobotCar dataset.

scholarly journals Optimization of Evacuation and Walking-Home Routes from Osaka City After a Nankai Megathrust Earthquake Using Road Network Big Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 369-389
Author(s):  
Atsushi Takizawa ◽  
Yutaka Kawagishi
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
The Road ◽  
Return Home ◽  
Flooded Area ◽  
Network Big Data ◽  
Surrounding Areas

AbstractWhen a disaster such as a large earthquake occurs, the resulting breakdown in public transportation leaves urban areas with many people who are struggling to return home. With people from various surrounding areas gathered in the city, unusually heavy congestion may occur on the roads when the commuters start to return home all at once on foot. In this chapter, it is assumed that a large earthquake caused by the Nankai Trough occurs at 2 p.m. on a weekday in Osaka City, where there are many commuters. We then assume a scenario in which evacuation from a resulting tsunami is carried out in the flooded area and people return home on foot in the other areas. At this time, evacuation and returning-home routes with the shortest possible travel times are obtained by solving the evacuation planning problem. However, the road network big data for Osaka City make such optimization difficult. Therefore, we propose methods for simplifying the large network while keeping those properties necessary for solving the optimization problem and then recovering the network. The obtained routes are then verified by large-scale pedestrian simulation, and the effect of the optimization is verified.

Pedestrian network information extraction based on VGI

GEOMATICA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejing Xie ◽  
Guojian Ou
Keyword(s):  
Information Extraction ◽  
Road Network ◽  
New Method ◽  
Location Based Service ◽  
Network Information ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pedestrian Network ◽  
Gps Trajectories ◽  
Data Extracting

Pedestrian network information plays an important role in pedestrian location based service (LBS), and its completeness determines the quality of a pedestrian LBS. This study used volunteered data and BaiduMap to research how to extract pedestrian network information on the basis of pedestrian GPS trajectories. The method extracts human road information by three steps: cleaning track data, extracting the road network, and detecting and analysing the recognised pedestrian road facilities. Once the road network information is extracted, the information regarding road facilities can be obtained, e.g., pedestrian crossings, overpasses, and underground passages. This paper describes a new method for incrementally updating electronic maps.

scholarly journals Broadening Understanding on Managing the Communication Infrastructure in Vehicular Networks: Customizing the Coverage Using the Delta Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Silva ◽  
Lucas Silva ◽  
Leonardo Santos ◽  
João Sarubbi ◽  
Andreas Pitsillides
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Circle Pattern ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Past ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Definition Of

Over the past few decades, the growth of the urban population has been remarkable. Nowadays, 50% of the population lives in urban areas, and forecasts point that by 2050 this number will reach 70%. Today, 64% of all travel made is within urban environments and the total amount of urban kilometers traveled is expected to triple by 2050. Thus, seeking novel solutions for urban mobility becomes paramount for 21st century society. In this work, we discuss the performance of vehicular networks. We consider the metric Delta Network. The Delta Network characterizes the connectivity of the vehicular network through the percentage of travel time in which vehicles are connected to roadside units. This article reviews the concept of the Delta Network and extends its study through the presentation of a general heuristic based on the definition of scores to identify the areas of the road network that should receive coverage. After defining the general heuristic, we show how small changes in the score computation can generate very distinct (and interesting) patterns of coverage, each one suited to a given scenario. In order to exemplify such behavior, we propose three deployment strategies based on simply changing the computation of scores. We compare the proposed strategies to the intuitive strategy of allocating communication units at the most popular zones of the road network. Experiments show that the strategies derived from the general heuristic provide higher coverage than the intuitive strategy when using the same number of communication devices. Moreover, the resulting pattern of coverage is very interesting, with roadside units deployed a circle pattern around the traffic epicenter.

scholarly journals SPATIAL CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSPORT NETWORKS AND ITS CONNECTION WITH THE TYPOLOGY OF TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT FOR THE CITIES OF NAJAF AND KUFA OF THE PROVINCE OF NAJAF

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
A. Al-jaberi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Spatial Classification ◽  
The Road ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Gis Environment

Transport is a link between territories with different types of land use in urban areas. At the same time, the improved accessibility associated with the transport network can lead to increased segregation and a change in land use. The article analyzes the road network of the Najaf and Kufa cities, Najaf province, Iraq, in order to identify the spatial classification of roads and streets. Based on the analysis, three main types of roads and streets are identified with respect to their structural features and characteristics: regional, city and district. The dependence of the typology and location of transit-oriented zones on the classification of the road network is indicated. In the process of analyzing the study area, the most optimal points for the practice of transit-oriented development (TOD) are identified, the territories most favorable for the location of transit-oriented zones of regional, city and district significance are introduced, the main characteristics of these zones are given. In order to reach goals, this article includes the collection of data and the creation of a database for land use applying a geographic information systems (GIS) environment. The result of the spatial analysis are five regional nodes, six urban nodes and seven district nodes

scholarly journals AN AUTOMATED GRASS-BASED PROCEDURE TO ASSESS THE GEOMETRICAL ACCURACY OF THE OPENSTREETMAP PARIS ROAD NETWORK

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B7 ◽  
pp. 919-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Brovelli ◽  
M. Minghini ◽  
M. E. Molinari
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Spatial Accuracy ◽  
Grass Gis ◽  
The Road ◽  
The World ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Network Quality ◽  
Gis Software

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is the largest spatial database of the world. One of the most frequently occurring geospatial elements within this database is the road network, whose quality is crucial for applications such as routing and navigation. Several methods have been proposed for the assessment of OSM road network quality, however they are often tightly coupled to the characteristics of the authoritative dataset involved in the comparison. This makes it hard to replicate and extend these methods. This study relies on an automated procedure which was recently developed for comparing OSM with any road network dataset. It is based on three Python modules for the open source GRASS GIS software and provides measures of OSM road network spatial accuracy and completeness. Provided that the user is familiar with the authoritative dataset used, he can adjust the values of the parameters involved thanks to the flexibility of the procedure. The method is applied to assess the quality of the Paris OSM road network dataset through a comparison against the French official dataset provided by the French National Institute of Geographic and Forest Information (IGN). The results show that the Paris OSM road network has both a high completeness and spatial accuracy. It has a greater length than the IGN road network, and is found to be suitable for applications requiring spatial accuracies up to 5-6 m. Also, the results confirm the flexibility of the procedure for supporting users in carrying out their own comparisons between OSM and reference road datasets.

scholarly journals USE OF ROAPGRAPH IN NAVIGATION SYSTEMS ON THE EXAMPLE OF A COMPANY HERE TECHNOLOGIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Olesia Nikolaeva ◽  
Lyudmila Radchenko
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Main Layer ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Congestion ◽  
Geoinformation Technologies ◽  
The Creation ◽  
A Company

The road graph is the main layer of a digital navigation map. With the development of geoinformation technologies it is possible to use the road graph to solve various tasks: route construction, analysis of the use of the road network, analysis of road congestion, geomarketing research, updating the database based on the discrepancy between the data in reality and in the application. The purpose of this research is to consider in detail the applied problems that are solved on the basis of the road graph of аn navigation application. These tasks are considered on the example of HERE Technologies, which has many years of experience in the creation and use of navigation applications.

scholarly journals Noise pollution generated by motor vehicles at different times on Avenue Paulista, municipality of São Paulo / SP

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (71) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Celso de Souza Junior ◽  
João Alexandre Paschoalin Filho
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
The Road ◽  
Resources Exploitation

Cities have shown high rates of population growth since the beginning of the twentieth century (at a greater intensity when compared to their development), which puts pressure on the environment intensifying the need of natural resources exploitation, as well as creating infrastructure problems. Among the impacts caused by the high densification of the population, noise pollution caused mainly by motor vehicles can be highlighted. This kind of urban impact, often ignored by the population and government, in addition to reducing people's quality of life and depreciating urban areas, can cause irreversible damage to public health. In this regard, this research brings, through measurements "in loco", the generation of noise by motor vehicles, in one of the main roads of the city of São Paulo. In addition to the data obtained, this research also analyzes them in the light of recommendations for technical standards and resolutions aimed at noise control. Through the analyzes conducted, it was found that the noise due to traffic, which is subject to the population that occupies (permanently or transiently) the surroundings of the road in studies, is above the recommended levels. In addition to momentary discomfort, the noise levels obtained have the potential to cause damage to the health of the population, such as hearing loss, attention deviations and even psychological problems. Therefore, it is hoped that this research will help to foster the debate about the impacts of noise pollution on the urban environment and the need for measures to be taken by municipal managers.

scholarly journals Calculation of Internal Debt on Road Network in the Vysočina Region

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1249
Author(s):  
Martin Černý
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Public Financing ◽  
External Resources ◽  
The Road ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
State Infrastructure ◽  
Internal Debt

The aim of this paper is to present the issue of financing the extent and quality of the road network, which is a necessary prerequisite for economic and social development of the Vysočina Region. The paper gives a methodological approach to the calculation of internal debt of the road network in the Vysočina Region, made its own calculation in the alternatives, whereas those alternatives reflect financing by the region through its own resources, as well as an alternative, which includes financing and the involvement of external resources (loans, fund state infrastructure and European sources). The calculation determines the size of internal debt, and therefore the extent of the problem. The definition of internal debt we can express as an annual expenditures which has to follow to the road infrastructure to ensure the sustainable quality of road network. The paper describes a potential process ensuring the increase of efficiency of public financing for the road network. In the contribution there is designed a potencial solution which deal with dividing regional roads into main three categories and in one of the category to introduce the system of road management.

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