scholarly journals Relationship between the process variables and physicochemical features of liquid-core nanocapsules produced via nanoprecipitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 4037-4043
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Liquid Core ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Physicochemical Features ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Poly Caprolactone ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the relationship between the physicochemical features of liquid-core nanocapsules created via nanoprecipitation and the adopted process variables. The process variables evaluated are the amount of coating polymer (poly--caprolactone), the amount of stabilizer polymer (poloxamer-188) and the stirring velocity. A statistical response surface methodology is employed to analyze the effect of the process variables on the physicochemical variables of size, polydispersity, zeta potential and efficiency in encapsulating a non-polar drug (carbamazepine). The results show that, although the process variables do not have a statistically significant effect on the response variables, the amount of coating polymer, the amount of stabilizer, and the stirring rate are physicochemically relevant. It is also found that the nanocapsules can contain more than 98% of the model drug, but the efficiency of the drug released may be affected by the process conditions.

scholarly journals Optimization of Electrochemical Treatment Process Conditions for Distillery Effluent Using Response Surface Methodology

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Arulmathi ◽  
G. Elangovan ◽  
A. Farjana Begum
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Spent Wash

Distillery industry is recognized as one of the most polluting industries in India with a large amount of annual effluent production. In this present study, the optimization of electrochemical treatment process variables was reported to treat the color and COD of distillery spent wash using Ti/Pt as an anode in a batch mode. Process variables such as pH, current density, electrolysis time, and electrolyte dose were selected as operation variables and chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color removal efficiency were considered as response variable for optimization using response surface methodology. Indirect electrochemical-oxidation process variables were optimized using Box-Behnken response surface design (BBD). The results showed that electrochemical treatment process effectively removed the COD (89.5%) and color (95.1%) of the distillery industry spent wash under the optimum conditions: pH of 4.12, current density of 25.02 mA/cm2, electrolysis time of 103.27 min, and electrolyte (NaCl) concentration of 1.67 g/L, respectively.

scholarly journals Optimization of Osmo- Dehydration Process of Honey-Ginger Candy by using Response Surface Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 984-986
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Solid Gain ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Overall Acceptability

This report is to investigate the effects of process variables on the solid gain, water loss using the Response surface methodology (RSM). The ginger was Osmo-dehydrated using process variables such has blanching time, the temperature for an osmotic solution, immersion, & convective drying temperature .response variables tested were solid gain and water loss. The blanching is done to inactivate the enzyme and to increase permeability in ginger candy. The optimum Osmo-convective process conditions for a maximum solid gain, water loss, and overall acceptability of honey-ginger candy were 8.39 min blanching time, 39˚Csolution temperature, 94 min immersion time, and 70˚C convective drying temperature.

scholarly journals Optimizing Adsorption of 17α-Ethinylestradiol from Water by Magnetic MXene Using Response Surface Methodology and Adsorption Kinetics, Isotherm, and Thermodynamics Studies

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3150
Author(s):  
Mengwei Xu ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Zihan Wu ◽  
Xianxin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

Magnetic MXene composite Fe3O4@Ti3C2 was successfully prepared and employed as 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) adsorbent from water solution. The response surface methodology was employed to investigate the interactive effects of adsorption parameters (adsorption time, pH of the solution, initial concentration, and the adsorbent dose) and optimize these parameters for obtaining maximum adsorption efficiency of EE2. The significance of independent variables and their interactions were tested by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test statistics. Optimization of the process variables for maximum adsorption of EE2 by Fe3O4@Ti3C2 was performed using the quadratic model. The model predicted maximum adsorption of 97.08% under the optimum conditions of the independent variables (adsorption time 6.7 h, pH of the solution 6.4, initial EE2 concentration 0.98 mg L−1, and the adsorbent dose 88.9 mg L−1) was very close to the experimental value (95.34%). pH showed the highest level of significance with the percent contribution (63.86%) as compared to other factors. The interactive influences of pH and initial concentration on EE2 adsorption efficiency were significant (p < 0.05). The goodness of fit of the model was checked by the coefficient of determination (R2) between the experimental and predicted values of the response variable. The response surface methodology successfully reflects the impact of various factors and optimized the process variables for EE2 adsorption. The kinetic adsorption data for EE2 fitted well with a pseudo-second-order model, while the equilibrium data followed Langmuir isotherms. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Therefore, Fe3O4@Ti3C2 composite present the outstanding capacity to be employed in the remediation of EE2 contaminated wastewaters.

scholarly journals Homogenate Extraction of Crocins from Saffron Optimized by Response Surface Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingpeng Tong ◽  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Dan Guo ◽  
Yongqiu Yan ◽  
Shiping Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Extraction Voltage ◽  
Homogenate Extraction

Saffron, which has many kinds of biological activities, has been widely used in medicine, cosmetics, food, and other fields of health promotion industries. Crocins are the main component of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). At present, most of the extraction methods for crocins require long time or special instruments to complete the process and some of them are not suitable for industrial production at present. In this article, homogenate extraction technology which is a convenient and efficient method was developed for crocins extraction from saffron. Firstly, the influences of extraction voltage, extraction time, ethanol concentration, and temperature on crocins yield were studied by single factor experiments; and then response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize levels of four variables based on the result of single factor experiments. Results showed that the optimum extraction process conditions for crocins were as follows: extraction voltage, 110 V; ethanol concentration, 70%; extraction temperature, 57°C; and extraction time, 40 s. Based on these conditions, the extraction yield of crocins can reach 22.76% which is higher than ultrasonic extraction method. Therefore, homogenate extraction is an effective way to extract crocins from saffron with higher extraction yield and shorter extraction time.

scholarly journals Optimization of osmotic dehydration of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) slices using Response Surface Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Delgado ◽  
Bruna Paim ◽  
José Alberto Pereira ◽  
Susana Casal ◽  
Elsa Ramalhosa
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Osmotic Dehydration ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Operational Conditions

Osmotic dehydration of chestnut slices in sucrose was optimized for the first time by Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Experiments were planned according to a three-factor central composite design (α=1.68), studying the influence of sucrose concentration, temperature and time, on the following parameters: volume ratio, water activity, color variation, weight reduction, solids gain, water loss and normalized moisture content, as well as total moisture, ash and fat contents. The experimental data was adequately fitted into second-order polynomial models with coefficients of determination (R2) from 0.716 to 0.976, adjusted-R2 values from 0.460 to 0.954, and non-significant lacks of fit. The optimal osmotic dehydration process conditions for maximum water loss and minimum solids gain and color variation were determined by the “Response Optimizer” option: 83% sucrose concentration, 20 °C and 9.2 hours. Thus, the best operational conditions corresponded to high sugar concentration and low temperature, improving energy saving and decreasing the process costs.

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