Variations in the Structure of the Jugular Foramen of Human Skull

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Akram Hossain ◽  
SM Moshadeq Hossain ◽  
Fakhrul Amin Mohammad Hasanul Banna
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Jugular Bulb ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Right ◽  
Study Type

Context: The jugular foramen is one of the most fascinating foramen present at the base of the skull attracting the imagination of many Anatomists worldwide as many important structures pass through it, and amongst them the intriguing structure is the internal jugular vein. The shape and size of the jugular foramen is related to the size of the internal jugular vein and the presence or absence of a prominent superior bulb. As most of the textbooks of Anatomy describe that the right jugular foramen is usually larger than the left jugular foramen. Henceforth the present study was undertaken in 55 skulls from the dept. of Anatomy. Measurements were taken with the help of sliding vernier caliper. Study type: Cross-sectional descriptive type. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi and Pabna Medical College, Pabna from April 2010 to June 2011. Materials and Methods: Total fifty five (55) human adult skulls were collected from the Anatomy department of Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi and Pabna Medical College, Pabna at different times of the study period. The study was conducted to observe variations in the structure of the jugular foramen of the human’s skull. Result: Out of 55 skulls (110 foramina) studied, the presence of dome indicating the presence of jugular bulb was found bilaterally in 100% of cases. 58.18% of cases showed that the size of right foramina were larger than the left foramina whereas 20% of cases showed that right foramina were equal to the left and in 21.82% of cases the left foramina were larger than the right side foramina. An important observation in the present study was the presence of either complete or partial septation in the jugular foramen. Conclusion: The findings of the study reveals that there are some differences among some parameters. The variations are might be due to the geographical variations of the skeletons. It needs further study with larger sample size from different geographical areas of Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v10i2.17281 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2012, Vol. 10 No. 2 pp 45-49

scholarly journals The Influence of the Univent® Endotracheal Tube on Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Schummer ◽  
C. Schummer ◽  
R. Frober ◽  
J. Fuchs ◽  
M. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Left Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

This prospective clinical investigation assessed the effect of placement of a Univent® tube on the anatomy of the internal jugular veins and the success of cannulation of the left internal jugular vein. After obtaining informed consent, 48 adult patients were enrolled. Of these, 42 patients were eligible and were divided into two groups: Univent® tube (group U, n=21) and wire enforced endotracheal tube (group C, n=21). The Univent® tube group were having a left thoracotomy. Using horizontal ultrasound scans just above the thyroid gland, the internal jugular vein was visualized and measured before and after Univent® placement. The number of needle passes necessary to cannulate the left internal jugular vein in the two groups was also compared. Univent® tubes were associated with lateral displacement of the right carotid artery and internal jugular vein on the convex side of the Univent® tube, with compression of the right internal jugular vein by the artery, resulting in a kidney-shaped cross-section of the vein. On the left (concave side of the tube), the neck was indented, the sheath of the left carotid artery was displaced medially, and the left internal jugular vein distorted to an ellipse. There was a significant increase in the lateral diameter and a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the left internal jugular vein (t-test, P<0.05). The first attempt at cannulation of the left internal jugular vein failed significantly more often in the Univent® group (13/21 vs 5/21 in group C, Chi-square 6.22, P=0.025). Cannulation of the internal jugular vein before placement of the Univent® tube, or placement with ultrasound guidance is suggested.

Anatomy Revisited: Hemodialysis Catheter Malposition into the Chest

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Pan Xie ◽  
Kanfu Peng ◽  
Keqin Zhang ◽  
Hongwen Zhao ◽  
Yuxiu Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Catheter Position ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hemodialysis Catheter ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Wall Perforation ◽  
The Right

In most situations, central catheters are implanted in the right jugular vein as initial access for hemodialysis. However, after repeated punctures, the proximal vessels become stenosed and thrombosed and misplacement is likely to occur. Correct catheter position in the vein can be easily ascertained with X-ray or cross-sectional CT imaging. In this report, we describe the case of a 77-year-old patient on chronic hemodialysis via catheter due to arteriovenous fistula dysfunction. We placed a cuffed-tunneled hemodialysis catheter in the left internal jugular vein. Malpositioning of the catheter led to perforation of the great veins and migration of the catheter tip into the chest. It is important to be aware of the risk of potential incorrect positioning of dialysis catheters. Due to the stenosis and fragility of the vessel wall, perforation may occur. In cases of doubt, correct placement of large-bore catheters via the internal jugular vein should be verified by means of appropriate imaging before hemodialysis is performed.

scholarly journals Morphometric Study of Jugular Foramen and Jugular Fossa of Dried Adult Human Skulls and Its Clinical Significance

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Govindarajan Amudha ◽  
Chandrasekaran Nandhini Aishwarya ◽  
Deborah Joy Hepzibah ◽  
Vaujapuri Anandhavadivel Kesavan ◽  
Anaimalai Kandavadivelu Manicka Vasuki
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Inferior Petrosal Sinus ◽  
Jugular Fossa ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Right

Abstract Introduction Jugular foramen is one of the most fascinating foramina of the human skull. It is a complex, irregular bony canal located between the occipital bone and petrous part of the temporal bone. Many important structures, like 9th, 10th, 11th cranial nerves, meningeal branch of occipital and ascending pharyngeal arteries, internal jugular vein, and inferior petrosal sinus, are passing through it. The jugular fossa has a septum and a dome. The septum divides the foramen into two compartments: anteromedial compartment (pars nervosa) and posterolateral compartment (pars vascularis). The dome contains superior bulb of internal jugular vein. The architecture of the foramen varies in size, shape, and laterality besides differences related to sex and race. The morphometric measurements of jugular foramen are very important for neurosurgeries and head and neck surgeries. Objectives The aim of the present study is to study the morphology of jugular foramen along with its dimensions, compartments, presence of partial or complete septa and dome. Materials and Methods A total number of 60 jugular foramina were examined from 30 adult dry human skulls of unknown age and sex from the Department of Anatomy, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore. Measurements were taken using Digital Vernier calipers. Results were analyzed statistically. Results The length, width, and surface area of jugular foramen of right side were measured and compared with the left side. Length and width of the jugular foramen was significantly higher on the right side. The presence of partial septum was found in 27 skulls (90%) on the right side and 29 skulls (99.7%) on the left side, respectively. Dome was present in 100% of the jugular foramina on the right side and 90% of the jugular foramina on the left side. Separate opening for inferior petrosal sinus was found in eight skulls (27%) on the right side and four skulls (13%) on the left side. Conclusion This study provides a clear understanding of anatomy of jugular foramen and supports the reported morphometric variations. The morphometric variations of jugular foramen in the parameters of the skull are probably due to ethnic and racial factors. Knowledge of these variations is important for neurosurgeons and radiologists who deal with space occupying lesions of the structures surrounding jugular foramen. This study may be helpful for ENT surgeons while performing middle ear surgeries.

Trendelenburg position for internal jugular vein catheterization: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 112972982110313
Author(s):  
Mariana Garcia-Leal ◽  
Santos Guzman-Lopez ◽  
Adrian Manuel Verdines-Perez ◽  
Humberto de Leon-Gutierrez ◽  
Bernardo Alfonso Fernandez-Rodarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Trendelenburg Position ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein Catheterization ◽  
The Right

To determine the effect of Trendelenburg position on the diameter or cross-section area of the internal jugular vein (IJV) a systematic review and metanalysis was performed. Studies that evaluated the cross-sectional area (CSA) and anteroposterior (AP) diameter of the right internal jugular vein (RIJV) with ultrasonography in supine and any degree of head-down tilt (Trendelenburg position) were analyzed. A total of 22 articles (613 study subjects) were included. A >5° Trendelenburg position statistically increases RIJV CSA and AP diameter. Further inclination from 10° does not statistically benefit IJV size. This position should be recommended for CVC placement, when patient conditions allow it, and US-guided cannulation is not available.

Cervical osteophyte resulting in compression of the jugular foramen

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Q. Le ◽  
Brian P. Walcott ◽  
Navid Redjal ◽  
Jean-Valery Coumans
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Adequate Nutrition ◽  
Extrinsic Compression ◽  
The Right ◽  
Progressive Dysphagia

Jugular foramen syndrome is a condition characterized by unilateral paresis of cranial nerves IX, X, and XI in the setting of extrinsic compression. Here, the authors describe the case of a giant cervical osteophyte resulting in compression of the jugular foramen. A 74-year-old man who presented with progressive dysphagia and dysarthria was found to have right-sided tongue deviation, left palatal droop, and hypophonia. His dysphagia had progressed to the point that he had lost 25 kg over a 4-month period, necessitating a gastrostomy to maintain adequate nutrition. He underwent extensive workup for his dysphagia with several normal radiographic studies. Ultimately, CT scanning and postcontrast MRI revealed a posterior osteophyte arising from the C1–2 joint space and projecting into the right jugular foramen. This resulted in a jugular foramen syndrome in addition to delayed filling of the patient's right internal jugular vein distal to the osteophyte. Although rare, a posterior cervical osteophyte should be considered in cases of jugular foramen syndrome.

scholarly journals Effects of incrementally increasing tidal volume on the cross-sectional area of the right internal jugular vein

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn Yi Jo ◽  
Hong Soon Kim ◽  
Mi Geum Lee ◽  
Dong Young Kim ◽  
Hae Keum Kil
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Right

Comparison of the effect of the right lateral tilt position and Trendelenburg position on the right internal jugular vein in healthy volunteers: A prospective observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 672-676
Author(s):  
Mehmet S Uluer ◽  
Mehmet Sargin ◽  
Betül Başaran
Keyword(s):  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Trendelenburg Position ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lateral Tilt ◽  
The Right

Background: Central venous cannulation is an invasive procedure commonly used by many physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the right lateral tilt position on the cross-sectional area and size of the right internal jugular vein, and the relationship between the right internal jugular vein and the carotid artery. Method: Forty healthy volunteers aged over 18 years were included in this prospective, observational study. The right internal jugular vein cross-sectional area and the anatomic relationship with the carotid artery were assessed using ultrasound imaging. This measurement was repeated for four positions (baseline position, 10° right tilt position, 10° Trendelenburg position, and 10° right tilt + 10° Trendelenburg position). The head was rotated 30° to the contralateral side in all patients. Results: The mean (standard deviation) right internal jugular vein cross-sectional area, transverse diameter, and anteroposterior diameter were significantly increased with the Trendelenburg position and 10° right tilt + 10° Trendelenburg position (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in right internal jugular vein cross-sectional area, transverse diameter, and anteroposterior diameter between the baseline position and 10° right tilt position (p > 0.05). Conclusion: We found that the right lateral tilt position had no effect on the internal jugular vein cross-sectional area and that the Trendelenburg position was still the most valid position for safely increasing the right internal jugular vein cross-sectional area.

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