Effects of potassium fertilization on Radiocaesium transfer from sandy soil to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Uptake and translocation of radiocesium artificially added to sand soil cultivated with barley as affected by different rates of potassium were traced in outdoor pot experiment. Experimental soil was contaminated with 0.01 and 0.1 mM 137Cs equal to (200 and 400 Bq/kg) in the form of CsCl and incubated for 14 days prior to 150 days plant growth period. The transfer factor (TF) average values from soil-to-total biomass were found to range from 0.40 up to 0.53 as affected by interaction between tested treatments. Increasing K rates from 125 to 250 kg/ha markedly reduced the mean averages of TFs of 137Cs from soil-to-roots by about 24 to 68%, respectively and from soil-to-total biomass by about 36 and 74%, respectively lower than corresponding control. In all cases, the discrimination factor was below unity, indicating that Cs is less efficiently absorbed from soil than its nutrient analogue K.

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LA MESURE DE L’INTERFÉRENCE DU CHIENDENT DANS L’ORGE

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps82-025 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 183-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R. RIOUX

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Linear Relationship ◽

Linear Relation ◽

Shoot Density ◽

Yield Variability ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

The Mean ◽

The Relationship ◽

Agropyron Repens

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ’Champlain’) was grown with quackgrass (Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.) at various densities for 3 yr. According to the regression analysis, a linear relation is appropriate to describe the relationship between yield of barley and biomass or density of quackgrass. A greater proportion of yield variability was explained by density (64%) than by biomass (40%). Density is then a better criterion than biomass to predict yield lost in barley. The linear relationship between barley yield and the shoot density of quackgrass is estimated by the following equation: yield barley = 345.3–0.5682 dens, quackgrass. An increase of 10 shoots/m2 in the mean density of quackgrass resulted in a mean loss of 6 g/m2 in the yield of barley.

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CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY IN A HYBRID BETWEEN HORDEUM VULGARE AND SECALE VAVILOVII

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g82-021 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 207-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

George Fedak ◽

Chiharu Nakamura

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Chromosome Number ◽

Chiasma Frequency ◽

Chromosomal Instability ◽

Chromosome Instability ◽

Somatic Tissue ◽

Unreduced Gamete ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

The Mean

A hybrid was obtained between Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Betzes (2n = 2x = 14) and Secale vavilovii [Nürn. (2n = 2x = 14)] in which chromosome instability was observed in somatic and meiotic tissues. In somatic tissue the chromosomes per cell varied from 7 to 24 with a mean of 19.7. Similarly in meiotic tissue the chromosome number varied from 14 to 26 with a mean of 18.3. The mean chiasma frequency was 12.9 consisting of an average Ml configuration of 0.02IV + 0.3III + 6.68II + 3.92I. It was concluded that the hybrid was derived from the union of an unreduced gamete from Betzes barley with a normal gamete from S. vavilovii.

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Variation in shoot tolerance mechanisms not related to ion toxicity in barley

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp17049 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (12) ◽

pp. 1194 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Joanne Tilbrook ◽

Rhiannon K. Schilling ◽

Bettina Berger ◽

Alexandre F. Garcia ◽

Christine Trittermann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Tolerance Mechanisms ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Ion Toxicity ◽

High K ◽

Barley Landraces ◽

Toxic Concentrations

Soil salinity can severely reduce crop growth and yield. Many studies have investigated salinity tolerance mechanisms in cereals using phenotypes that are relatively easy to measure. The majority of these studies measured the accumulation of shoot Na+ and the effect this has on plant growth. However, plant growth is reduced immediately after exposure to NaCl before Na+ accumulates to toxic concentrations in the shoot. In this study, nondestructive and destructive measurements are used to evaluate the responses of 24 predominately Australian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lines at 0, 150 and 250 mM NaCl. Considerable variation for shoot tolerance mechanisms not related to ion toxicity (shoot ion-independent tolerance) was found, with some lines being able to maintain substantial growth rates under salt stress, whereas others stopped growing. Hordeum vulgare spp. spontaneum accessions and barley landraces predominantly had the best shoot ion independent tolerance, although two commercial cultivars, Fathom and Skiff, also had high tolerance. The tolerance of cv. Fathom may be caused by a recent introgression from H. vulgare L. spp. spontaneum. This study shows that the most salt-tolerant barley lines are those that contain both shoot ion-independent tolerance and the ability to exclude Na+ from the shoot (and thus maintain high K+ : Na+ ratios).

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An investigation into the effect of soil compaction and tillage on plant growth and yield of winter barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)

10.13031/aim.20162461725 ◽

2016 ◽

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Soil Compaction ◽

Winter Barley ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L

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Barley response to seeding date in central Alberta

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p02-049 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 275-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

P. E. Juskiw ◽

J. H. Helm

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Vegetative Period ◽

Seeding Date ◽

The Mean ◽

Grain Filling Period

Seeding date is an important factor influencing productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). When conditions are conducive to early seeding or result in delayed seeding, producers need to know how cultivars will respond to these seeding situations. In this study, five cultivars (Abee, Harrington, Jackson, Noble and Virden) registered for western Canada were studied for 4 yr (1990 to 1993) when seeded early (late April or early May), in mid-May, in late-May, or late (mid-June) at Lacombe, AB. For all cultivars, early seeding resulted in grain yield advantages of 113 to 134% of the mean site yield, while with late seeding, grain yields were reduced to 54 to 76% of the mean site yield. The reduction in yield was least for Jackson, the earliest maturing cultivar tested. Late seeding reduced the period from sowing to emergence, vegetative period, grain-filling period, time from emergence to physiological maturity, test weight, grain yield, kernel weight, and tillers per plant; and increased plant height and percent thins. Late seeding had no significant effect on phyllochron, stand establishment, scald, lodging, protein content of the grain, kernel number per spike, and spikelet number per spike. Barley responded positively to early seeding in central Alberta, but when seeding was delayed (in this study to mid-June) the early and mid-maturing six-rowed cultivars with short phyllochrons performed better than the two-rowed and late six-rowed cultivars. Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., seeding rate, phenological development, grain quality, grain yield, components

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Effect of straw amendment and plant growth on selenium transfer in a laboratory soil-plant system

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/s96-050 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 187-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. Camps Arbestain

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Soil Solution ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Microbial Reduction ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Predominant Species ◽

Key Words Barley ◽

Straw Amendment ◽

Environmental Compartments

Knowledge of the transfers of selenium (Se) in the soil-plant-atmosphere environmental compartments is fundamental in assessing Se cycling through the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of straw amendments and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on Se cycling in soils from Kesterson Reservoir, Merced County, CA (0.68 mg soluble Se kg−1, 6.15 mg total Se kg−1), and to evaluate the feasibility of these agricultural practices as bioremediation strategies. Four treatments were evaluated: soil only, soil + straw, soil + plant, and soil + straw + plant. Straw amendments greatly reduced Se from soil solution (92–97% of initial soluble Se). Selenate [Se(VI)] was the predominant species in soil solution. Phosphate-extractable Se did not account for the decline in soluble Se. Selenium volatilized by microbes represented only 4–5% of the soluble Se removed. Highest Se removal from soil solution and highest Se volatilization rates occurred when both microbial activity and growth were maximal. Selenate microbial reduction to more insoluble Se forms is indicated as being responsible for this removal. Plants did not account for as much Se removal from soil solution as did straw amendments. Total shoot Se corresponded to 1–9% of soluble Se removal. At the end of the experiment, Se in plants represented 0.1–0.7% of total Se in the system, and the Se volatilized accounted for 0.2 to 0.5% of total Se inventory. The results obtained in this study suggest the use of straw amendments as a remediation technique for managing Se contamination at Kesterson Reservoir. Key words: Barley, selenium, soil solution, straw, volatilization

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Induction of Male Sterility in Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L. Emend. Lam.) with Potassium Gibberellate and Other Plant Growth Regulators 1

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj1965.00021962005700030013x ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 269-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

N. I. James ◽

S. Lund

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Male Sterility ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L

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PROPANIL FOR CONTROL OF GREEN FOXTAIL IN WHEAT AND BARLEY

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps80-024 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 177-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

JAMES H. HUNTER

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Growth Period ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Setaria Viridis ◽

Wheat Grain ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Crop Tolerance ◽

Green Foxtail ◽

Excellent Control

In a series of field and greenhouse experiments, propanil (3′, 4′-dichloropropionalide) as a postemergent herbicide provided excellent control of green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Although some initial chlorosis occurred, wheat and barley recovered quickly and were considered tolerant to propanil at up to 1 kg/ha applied over a growth period extending from the 2- to 8-leaf stages of the green foxtail. Propanil at rates greater than 1 kg/ha resulted in considerable chlorosis and leaf tip burn, and although grain yields were not reduced, crop tolerance was visually assessed as unsatisfactory. Control of green foxtail was satisfactory with 1 kg/ha at the 2- to 4-leaf stages but not at later stages. Control was significantly better when the spray pressure at application was 310 kPa compared to 207 kPa. Analysis indicated that at the 2 and 4 kg/ha rate of propanil the residues in wheat and barley disappeared very quickly. At harvest, wheat grain contained 0.09 ppm of propanil.

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