scholarly journals Anemia in Sudanese patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-158
Author(s):  
MH Fathelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Serum Erythropoietin Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serum Erythropoietin

Background: The term of anemia of chronic renal failure (CRF) in sufficiency refers to that anemia resulting directly from failure of the endocrine and excretory functions of the kidney and decreased production of erythropoietin by damaged kidneys. The serum erythropoietin level in patients with renal failure does not increase in response to the developing anemia, which is the primary cause of inadequate erythropoiesis. Aim: The purpose of our study was to examine, among patients with CRF, the combined association of CRF and anemia on adverse outcomes. Settings and Design: A hospitalized study using administrative data, we identified all patients hospitalized with CRF in IBN-Sena hospital and Khartoum teaching hospitals, Khartoum, Sudan. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 500 patients having a diagnosis of chronic renal failure hospitalized and discharged between October 2007 to February 2010 from two Sudanese Teaching hospitals (Khartoum and IBN-Sena). All adult patients with chronic renal failure hospitalized for hemodialysis. Results: Hemoglobin level was recorded for 500 members (100%) of the cohort. The mean (SD) hemoglobin was 13.0 g/dL (2.2) range from 11.8 g/dL to 14.6 g/dL. On admission, an hemoglobin of ≥ 14 g/dL was found in 36.2% of the patients, 36.2% had an hemoglobin between 12 g/dL and 14 g/dL, 19.6% between 10 g/dL and 12 g/dL, and 8% ≤ 10 g/dL. The proportion of patients with CRF was associated with increasing anemia. Conclusion: The results obtained indicated the further evidence that the concomitant presence of either CRF or anemia increased the risk of dying in the hospital or of being readmitted within 30 days among patients hospitalized. The association persisted after controlling for other factors associated with adverse outcomes in these patients. Key words: Anemia, chronic renal failure. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3329/bjms.v10i3.8357 BJMS 2011; 10(3): 152-158

scholarly journals Anemia in Sudanese Patients with Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) and in Patients undergoing Chronic Hemodialysis

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Fathelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Serum Erythropoietin Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serum Erythropoietin

Background: The term of anemia of chronic renal failure (CRF) in sufficiency refers to that anemia resulting directly from failure of the endocrine and excretory functions of the kidney and decreased production of erythropoietin by damaged kidneys. The serum erythropoietin level in patients with renal failure does not increase in response to the developing anemia, which is the primary cause of inadequate erythropoiesis. Aim: The purpose of our study was to examine, among patients with CRF, the combined association of CRF and anemia on adverse outcomes. Settings and Design: A hospitalized study using administrative data, we identified all patients hospitalized with CRF in IBN-Sena hospital and Khartoum teaching hospitals, Khartoum, Sudan. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 500 patients having a diagnosis of chronic renal failure hospitalized and discharged between October 2007 to February 2010 from two Sudanese Teaching hospitals (Khartoum and IBN-Sena). All adult patients with chronic renal failure hospitalized for hemodialysis. Results: Hemoglobin level was recorded for 500 members (100%) of the cohort. The mean (SD) hemoglobin was 13.0 g/dL (2.2) range from 11.8 g/dL to 14.6 g/dL. On admission, an hemoglobin of = 14 g/dL was found in 36.2% of the patients, 36.2% had an hemoglobin between 12 g/dL and 14 g/dL, 19.6% between 10 g/dL and 12 g/dL, and 8% = 10 g/dL. The proportion of patients with CRF was associated with increasing anemia Conclusion: The results obtained indicated the further evidence that the concomitant presence of either CRF or anemia increased the risk of dying in the hospital or of being readmitted within 30 days among patients hospitalized. The association persisted after controlling for other factors associated with adverse outcomes in these patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i1.9823 BJMS 2012; 11(1): 44-50

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AND ANATOMOSIS OF ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULAR IN PATIENTS WITH REGULARLY HEMODIALYSIS

2017 ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Van Hien Pham ◽  
Huu Vu Quang Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Mean

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in patients with chronic renal failure. When a patient undergoes dialysis, making AVF or AVG causes cardiovascular events. Understanding the relationship between complications: hypertension, heart failure, AVF or AVG (formation time, position, diameter) helps us monitor, detect, prevent and treatment of complications to limit the risk of death in patients with dialysis. Objective: Relationship between cardiovascular diseases and anatomosis of arteriovenous fistular in patients with regularly hemodialysis at Cho Ray Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Cho Ray Hospital from 2015 to 2016. The survey some cardiovascular diseases are done by clinical examination, tests for diagnostic imaging such as X-ray, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram: heart and diameter of anastomosis AVF, AVG. Results: The study population included 303 patients with chronic renal failure who were dialysis. Of which, patients aged 25-45 accounted for the highest proportion (43.9%). The proportion of male and female patients was similar (48.5% and 51.5% respectively). The mean value of systolic blood pressure on patients made AVF, AVG less than 12 months is higher than patients made AVF, AVG over 12 months, and there is negative correlation (r = -0.43) between AVF, AVG and systolic blood pressure (p <0.05). The mean value of diastolic blood pressure on patients made AVF, AVG less than 12 months is lower than patients made AVF, AVG over 12 months, and and there is positive correlation (r = -0.43) between AVF, AVG and diastolic blood pressure (p <0.05) (p <0.05). The prevalence of patients with heart failure made AVF, AVG over 12 months is higher than that of the under 12 months group, there is a negative correlation (r = - 0.43) between AVF, AVG diameter and EF index (p <0.05). Conclusion: It is important to note the diameter of anastomosis AVF, AVG in patients with chronic renal failure dialysis to limit cardiovascular complications, especially heart failure. Key words: Chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis.

Oral and Maxillofacial Manifestations of Mineral and Bone Disorders Associated with Chronic Renal Failure

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1325-1328
Author(s):  
Andrada Raluca Doscas ◽  
Mihail Balan ◽  
Mihai Liviu Ciofu ◽  
Doriana Agop Forna ◽  
Marius Cristian Martu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Brown Tumors ◽  
The Mean ◽  
End Stage

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a multifactorial syndrome and a global health concern. As renal function declines, there is a progressive deterioration of mineral homeostasis. Starting from stage 3 of CKD oral manifestations of mineral disorders can occasionally appear and become more frequent and evident in stage 5. We retrospectively analysed 43 patients diagnosed with end stage renal failure undergoing dialysis, hospitalized in our clinic for different oral and maxillofacial pathologies. The mean dialysis period was 5.43 years. Radiographic alterations afecting the jaws were found in all patients. The most common feature was partial or total loss of lamina dura, followed by alterations of the bony trabeculae. 9 patients presented brown tumors which are considered the final stage of secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with renal failure.

A comparative study of brain atrophy by computerized tomography in chronic renal failure and chronic hemodialysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Papageorgiou ◽  
P. Ziroyannis ◽  
J. Vathylakis ◽  
A. Grigoriadis ◽  
V. Hatzikonstantinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis

Stable Strontium Absorption as a Measure of Intestinal Calcium Absorption: Comparison with the Double-Radiotracer Calcium Absorption Test

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aubrey Blumsohn ◽  
Brian Morris ◽  
Richard Eastell
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Quadratic Term ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stable Strontium ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dual Tracer ◽  
Fractional Absorption

1. Stable strontium (Sr) has been proposed as an alternative to calcium (Ca) isotopes for the measurement of intestinal Ca absorption. The aim of this study was to compare the time course and fractional absorption of Ca and Sr, when both are measured using dual-tracer techniques. 2. 45Ca and Sr absorption tests were carried out on consecutive days in patients with osteoporosis (n = 10) or chronic renal failure (n = 7). Both tests were repeated in four patients with chronic renal failure after treatment with calcitriol (1 μg daily for 10 days). 3. The time course of Ca absorption was determined using the 85Sr (intravenous)/45Ca (oral) dual-tracer technique, and the time course of Sr absorption using 85Sr (intravenous)/stable Sr (oral). Oral tracers were administered on consecutive days with a test meal containing 5.3 mmol of Ca and 2.5 mmol of either stable Sr or Ca carrier. The fractional absorption of 45Ca and Sr at 6 h (FA360) and the absorption rate as a function of time were calculated by deconvolution. 4. The mean FA360 for Sr (20.2%) was lower than the mean FA360 for 45Ca (37.8%, P < 0.001, paired t-test), but the time course of Sr absorption was similar to that of Ca. There was a significant correlation between the FA360 for 45Ca and Sr, although the relationship was improved by including a quadratic term (R2 = 0.89, P < 0.001, significance of quadratic term, P < 0.05). After 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D treatment, the FA360 of stable Sr increased 4.29-fold, whereas the FA360 of 45Ca increased only 2.4-fold. 5. Although the fractional absorption of Sr determined by dual-tracer deconvolution was the best predictor of FA360 for 45Ca, little was lost by confining the analysis to a single serum Sr measurement taken 3 h or more after oral administration. 6. We conclude that Sr absorption is qualitatively similar to that of Ca, although absorption of Sr is much lower than that of Ca. Furthermore, the relationship does not appear to be linear. Stable Sr may be useful in place of Ca isotopes in the routine clinical evaluation of Ca absorption.

Prenatal diagnosis of unilateral pulmonary agenesis in a pregnant woman undergoing chronic hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 707-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Nonaka ◽  
Akira Kikuchi ◽  
Naoko Kido ◽  
Yasuhiro Takahashi ◽  
Kyoko Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Pulmonary Agenesis ◽  
Unilateral Pulmonary Agenesis

Elevation Of Antithrombin III By Sulfinpyrazone Therapy In Chronic Renal Failure

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bern ◽  
J Green
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
At Iii ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
And Function

Sulfinpyrazone can reduce the incidence of thrombosis of A-V shunts in chronic renal failure. The drug is also reported to prevent acute deaths from coronary artery disease. This study was to determine mechanisms for these protective effects.Patients on chronic hemodialysis served as the study models. Six patients on dialysis three times per week for 6 or more months received sulfinpyrazone 200 mgm t.i.d. p.o. for 14 days. Blood samples were obtained before dialysis was begun before and after the 14 days of drug therapy.Results are shown as mean ± standard error of mean.AT III levels rose significantly by functional and immune assays. Functional levels (by von Kaulla technique) rose 24.5 ± 3.1 sec. to 47.3 + 5.5 sec. (P>.005) Plasma protein AT III (by radial immunodiffusion) rose 31.2 ± 2.17 mg/dl to 37.9 ± 2.1 mgm/dl. (P>.01) Platelet factor 4 (by Abbot radioimmunology assay) fell from 46.4 + 13.6 ngm/ml to 9.5 ± 1.1 ngm/ml.(P>.005) The concentration of thrombin-anti-thrombin complex (by R. Rosenberg, Harvard Medical School, Boston) rose from 4.2 ± .09 to 8.4 ± 1.0 (P>.005)Thus it appears that sulfinpyrazone elevates antithrombin concentration and function while simultaneously suppressing platelet release. These two effects may or may not be mutually dependent. The clinical efficacy of sulfinpyrazone may relate in part to the elevation of antithrombin III, probably by inhibiting its consumption, while also inhibiting platelet function.

A radioimmunoassay for 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bouillon ◽  
P De Moor ◽  
E G Baggiolini ◽  
M R Uskokovic
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Normal Rabbit Serum ◽  
Large Excess ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
25 Hydroxycholecalciferol

Abstract We describe a radioimmunoassay for 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in human serum. We raised antisera in rabbits to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol-3-hemisuccinate coupled to bovine serum albumin, and obtained sensitive, high-titer antibodies. These antibodies had a high affinity for 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and cross reacted mainly with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. Addition of 1 mL of normal rabbit serum per liter reduced this interference to 5 and 4%, respectively. However, these interfering steroids are present in large excess, so extensive purification of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol from serum is necessary. The steroid was extracted with ethyl acetate/cyclohexane, purified on Sephadex LH-20, and then chromatographed on a column of silicic acid. The radioimmunoassay is sensitive to 5 pg/tube (3 ng/L of serum). The between-assay CV was 14%. The mean concentration of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in the serum of 54 healthy adults was 38 (SD 12) ng/L, with no sex-related difference. The assay was further validated by the finding of low or undetectable concentrations in patients with chronic renal failure and of increased concentrations in the serum of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. In comparison with previously described methods, the major advantage of the present assay is the use of stable gamma-globulins, which are available in large amounts, as binding protein.

Autopsy Findings in Patients Treated by Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD)

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Sombolos ◽  
Peter McNamee ◽  
Ahmed Mitwalli ◽  
Sol Rabinovich ◽  
Dimitrios G. Oreopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenosis ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Organ Changes ◽  
Acquired Cystic Disease

From October 1977 to October 1985, our pathology department did autopsies on 19 patients (14 men, five women) treated by CAPD for four to 55 (mean 29.3) months. Their mean age was 60.2 (range 28–79) years and the primary renal diseases were diabetes mellitus (eight), nephrosclerosis (five), polycystic kidneys (three), chronic glomerulonephritis (one) and chronic renal failure associated with sarcoidosis and congestive cardiomyopathy in two. During the same period, the authors selected as controls 18 autopsied patients (14 men, four women), who had not had chronic renal failure, and these were matched with the CAPD patients for age, sex, longstanding hypertension and insulin-dependent diabetes. Direct causes of death for CAPD patients were cardiovascular incidents (12) infection (5), pancreatitis (1) and lung cancer (1); in controls, the causes were cardiovascular in 11 and infection in two. Thirteen of the CAPD and 12 autopsied controls had coronary artery stenosis equal to or greater than 70%, and affecting one or more arteries. The mean weight of organs in CAPD patients and controls were similar except for kidneys and the spleen; we found the latter weighed more in those on CAPD (p = 0.002). In CAPD patients the most important organ changes were: evidence of myocardial infarction, old or acute, in nine, acquired cystic disease of the kidney in five, and thickening and adhesions of peritoneum in nine and five respectively.

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