scholarly journals Diagnostic Role of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) among Tuberculous Meningitis Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Abul Kalam Mohammed Shoab ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Chowdhury ◽  
Devendra Nath Sarkar ◽  
Md Ismail Hossain ◽  
Muhammad Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background: In the developing countries where TB is endemic; an ideal test for tuberculous meningitis should be economic, minimally invasive, of high accuracy and quick to perform.In many countries, also in India, several studies were conducted to establish the ADA activity as a sensitive and specific test of tuberculous meningitis.So it is very much needed to evaluate the diagnostic role of CSF ADA in tuberculous meningitis in Bangladesh. Aim: This study aimed to find out CSF ADA as a sensitive and specific test for early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. Methods: This case control study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, SSMC and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from June 2011 to July 2012, to evaluate ADA activity in CSF for diagnosis of tuberculous meninigitis. Results: In the present study, sixty meningitis patients were enrolled. Of which, 30(50%) were tuberculous meningitis (TBM) taken as cases and rest 30(50%) were non-tuberculous meningitis (NTBM) taken as control.The CSF ADA activity from TBM patients was compared with CSF ADA from non-TBM infectious meningitis patients. The mean CSF ADA activity was found to be significantly higher in CSF of TBM patients, 14.01 ± 12.4 (1.0–65.2), mean ± SD with range, than in the CSF from non-TBM infectious meningitis, 7.2 ± 8.2 (1.8–49.1) P = 0.01.A cut-off value of >7.6 U/L for the TBM patients was calculated from the mean ±SD of the non-TBM patients.The ADA sensitivity is 81.82%,specificity 65.31%,accuracy 68.33%, PPV 34.62%,NPV 94.12%, positive likelyhood ratio 2.3 and lastly negative likelyhood ratio 0.2 for infectious TBM when this cut-off value was used.ROC curve shows area under curve of .736 suggests a moderate accuracy of the test in detection of tuberculous meningitis. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that ADA activity in the CSF of TBM patients, using a cut off value 7.6 U/L, can be useful for the early differential diagnosis of TBM. This test can be performed in any pathology laboratory where more sophisticated methods are not available. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2013; Vol. 29 (2) : 79-87

scholarly journals Fascin-1 and its role as a serological marker in prostate cancer: a prospective case–control study

2021 ◽  
pp. FSO745
Author(s):  
Octavian Sabin Tătaru ◽  
Orsolya Martha ◽  
Felice Crocetto ◽  
Biagio Barone ◽  
Septimiu Voidazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
Control Study

Aim: This study aims to investigate any modification of serological FSCN1 in prostate cancer patients compared with patients without neoplasia. Material & methods: Clinical data and blood specimens from patients with and without prostate cancer were obtained. A quantitative sandwich ELISA method was used to determine serological values of FSCN1. Results: Although serum values of FSCN1 were dissimilar in the two cohorts of patients (6.90 vs 7.33 ng/ml), the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.20). Serum values of FSCN1 stratified for Gleason score groups were not significantly distinguishable (p = 0.65). A negative correlation (rho = -0.331; p = 0.009) was reported between FSCN1 and age. Conclusion: Further studies are required to evaluate a possible diagnostic role of FSCN1 in prostate cancer.

scholarly journals The Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Congenital CMV-Related Hearing: A Case-Control Study

OTO Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 2473974X1984185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary McCrary ◽  
Veronica del Calvo ◽  
Jeremy Purser ◽  
Geoff Casazza ◽  
Albert Park
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Antioxidant Therapy ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Control Study

Objective Antioxidants have been used as a therapeutic measure for several causes of hearing loss, and this study aims to examine the use of antioxidants in children with congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV)–related hearing loss. Study Design Case-control study. Setting Academic pediatric hospital. Subjects and Methods A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients with cCMV-related hearing loss treated with and without antioxidants (vitamins A, C, and E and magnesium, known as ACE-Mg) was completed. The primary end point was the mean change in hearing thresholds for the right and left ears after therapy. An evaluation of the mean change in thresholds was evaluated at the following frequencies: 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, and 4000 Hz. A 2-sample t test and multiple linear regression were used to evaluate the data. Results A total of 78 children with cCMV-related hearing loss were included in the study, of whom 10 were treated with antioxidants. The average amount of time in which antioxidants were taken was 387 days. When comparing cases and controls, there was no differences in the mean change of hearing thresholds at each frequency for both the right and left ears ( P > .05). Length of antioxidant therapy and age at which therapy was initiated had no effect on hearing scores ( P > .05). Conclusions Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of cCMV-related hearing loss. ACE-Mg is a safe adjuvant therapy for the treatment of hearing loss in children; however, this study demonstrates no hearing-related benefit from ACE-Mg antioxidant therapy.

Association of Serum Homocysteine Level and Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis: A Case-control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Mohammadali Nazarinia ◽  
Asghar Zare ◽  
Mohammad javad Fallahi ◽  
Mesbah Shams
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Homocysteine Level ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background:Systemic sclerosis is a disorder of connective tissue with unknown cause, affecting the skin and internal organs, characterized by fibrotic changes.Objective:To determine the correlation between serum homocysteine level and interstitial lung involvement in systemic sclerosis. </P><P> Materials and Methods: In this case – control study, 59 patients who fulfilled the ACR/EULAR classification criteria for systemic sclerosis and were referred to Hafez Hospital of Shiraz, Iran, were included as the case group. Fifty nine healthy subjects were involved as the control group. Patients were divided into two groups based on interstitial lung involvement and two subtypes, diffuse and limited type. Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate levels compared between the controls, and cases groups.Results:Of 59 case and control group, 53 (%89.8) were female and the mean age did not differ in both groups (P=0.929). Thirty five (%59.3) patients had interstitial lung involvement and 38(%64.4) had diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. The mean serum homocysteine level was 13.9±6.3 µmol/L in the case and 13.7±9.2 µmol/L in the control group (P=0.86). The mean serum homocysteine level did not differ between the patients with and without interstitial lung involvement (P=0.52). The patients with lung involvement was older than those without lung involvement (P=0.004). Lung disease was more common in diffuse type (P=0.014).Conclusion:In our study, serum homocysteine level did not differ between the patients and healthy subjects. Also, there was no correlation between serum homocysteine level and lung involvement, but lung involvement was more common in older patients and also diffuse subtype.

scholarly journals Risk factors of dengue fever in an urban area in Vietnam: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thang Nguyen-Tien ◽  
Duy Cuong Do ◽  
Xuan Luat Le ◽  
Thi Hai Dinh ◽  
Mats Lindeborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dengue Prevention ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Dengue is a mosquito-borne flavivirus present in many metropolitan cities of tropical countries. Methods During and after the dengue season (September 2018 to January 2019), we conducted a case-control study in order to determine the risk factors for dengue fever in Hanoi city, Vietnam. 98 dengue patients and 99 patients with other acute infections, such as Hepatitis B virus infection, were recruited at Department of Infectious Disease of Bach Mai national hospital in Hanoi. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire covering demographic, housing, environmental factors and knowledge, attitude, and practice on dengue prevention and control. Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine the risk factors of dengue status. Results The mean score of knowledge items and practice items was only 7.9 out of total 19 points and 3.9 out of total 17 points, respectively. While the mean score of attitude items was 4.8 out of total 6 points. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that older patients had lesser risk of getting dengue infection as compared to younger adults aged 16–30, and patients living in peri-urban districts were less likely to suffer of dengue fever than patients living in central urban districts (OR = 0.31; 95% CI 0.13–0.75). This study could not find any association with occupation, water storage habit, knowledge, attitude, or practice on dengue prevention. Conclusions All patients had a relatively low level of knowledge and practice on dengue prevention and control. However, the attitude of the participants was good. We found that age group and living district were the risk factors correlated with the dengue status. Communication programs on raising dengue awareness should be repeated all year round and target particular groups of adolescents, younger adults, landlords and migrants from other provinces to improve their knowledge and encourage them to implement preventive measures against dengue fever.

scholarly journals P2-233: The role of hippocampal atrophy for the differentiation between MCI subtypes: Results of a case-control study

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S_Part_9) ◽  
pp. P341-P341
Author(s):  
Martha Dlugaj ◽  
Christoph Mönninghoff ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Huppertz ◽  
Isabel Wanke ◽  
Daniel Jokisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hippocampal Atrophy ◽  
Control Study
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