scholarly journals Leaf architecture and petiole anatomy of Philippine Dipterocarpus species (Dipterocarpaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jonathan O Hernandez ◽  
Lerma SJ Maldia ◽  
Dennis E Pulan ◽  
Inocencio E Buot ◽  
Byung Bae Park
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Size ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Leaf Architecture ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Freehand Technique ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Taxonomic Markers ◽  
Upgma Phenogram

The study investigated the leaf architecture and petiole anatomy of eight Dipterocarpus (Dipterocarpaceae) species growing in Mount Makiling Forest Reserve (MMFR) in the Philippines to delineate the species, especially during their non-flowering phase. Leaf and petiole samples from MMFR were examined following the manual on leaf architecture studies. Freehand technique was used to examine the stomata and petiole characters. A UPGMA phenogram was then generated to determine the relationships among Dipterocarpus species using 26 leaf and petiole characters. The most useful characters to delineate Dipterocarpus species are the presence of trichomes, the arrangement of vascular bundles (medullary and outer vascular bundles), areolation, fimbrial vein, and leaf size. Other characters viz., the laminar ratio, blade class, laminar shape, base shape, margin type, and intersecondary, and layers and shape of parenchyma and collenchyma cells were useful as unifying characters. Therefore, certain characters of the leaf architecture and petiole anatomy may be used as taxonomic markers to delineate and correlate the Dipterocarpus species in the Philippines particularly during the nonflowering phase of the species. However, further investigations using samples from the wild populations of the species and molecular techniques may be done to elucidate the taxonomic use of the characters presented in this study. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(1): 1-14, 2020 (June)

scholarly journals Leaf morphoanatomy of an endemic massaranduba from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monick Lima Carvalho ◽  
Cláudia Elena Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Leaf Architecture ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
The Family ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

Abstract: The Sapotaceae family is recognized for its economic importance, presenting food, medicinal and timber potential. Pouteria andarahiensis T.D.Penn., popularly known as "massaranduba", is endemic to Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, and is currently classified on the IUCN red list as "endangered". Pouteria andarahiensis is little studied, highlighting this work as the first anatomical study for the species. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to perform anatomical studies. The species showed characters shared with the family (laticifers and malpiguiaceous trichomes), as well as diagnostic characters and associated with xeromorphy. The data obtained from the leaf architecture can assist in the identification of the species in a vegetative state, while the leaf surface provided unpublished data to the species, indicating the presence of a cuticle with complex ornamentation. Stand out as xeromorphic anatomical features, high stomatal density, high number of trichomes per area, sclerenchymatic columns in the mesophyll and a subepidermal sclerenchyma layer connecting the vascular bundles in the mesophyll.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the proximal to distal regions of the petioles to identify 15 tree species of Papilionoideae-Fabaceae

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Heneidak ◽  
Abdel Samai M Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Sophora Japonica ◽  
Secretory Cavities ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Sophora Davidii ◽  
Vascular Trace ◽  
Stem Leaf

Comparative studies on the structure of the vascular supply of stem-leaf transitional zone of the petioles were carried out in 15 papilionoid tree species. Anatomical characteristics and changes in the main vascular trace were recorded. The anatomical features of significance include outline; epidermal cell; pericyclic fiber patterns; main petiolar vasculature; presence, number and separation of ridge vascular bundles; presence of additional accessory ridge bundles; crystal types; secretory elements and multicellular trichomes. Erythrina variegata and Pterocarpus indicus show no change in the petiole trace structure throughout their petioles from proximal to distal, while the rest of the species have minor to major changes. Sophora secundiflora has the highest number of ridge vascular bundles (5-6), while these are absent in the two Dalbergia species, E. variegata, Derris robusta, Sophora davidii and S. japonica. Only Derris robusta and Sophora japonica show unusual petiole trace structure by having two additional accessory ridge bundles adaxial of the main trace enclosing with it by a complete ring of pericyclic fibers. The studied species of tribe Millettieae show the presence of secretory cavities lined by epithelial cells. The usefulness of these character states is shown for assessing, identifying and delimiting these examined species. Key words: Accessory ridge bundles, Crystals, Papilionoideae, Petiole anatomy, Petiole vasculature, Ridge bundles, Secretory cavities DOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v14i2.530 Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 14(2): 101-115, 2007 (December)

scholarly journals Diurnal behavior and activity budget of the golden-crowned flying fox (Acerodon jubatus) in the Subic bay forest reserve area, the Philippines

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1667-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yupadee HENGJAN ◽  
Keisuke IIDA ◽  
Karla Cristine C. DOYSABAS ◽  
Thanmaporn PHICHITRASILP ◽  
Yasushige OHMORI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Budget ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Reserve Area ◽  
Diurnal Behavior ◽  
Flying Fox

Leaf Architecture of Hoya incrassata Warb. and Hoya crassicaulis Elmer x Kloppenb. (Apocynaceae): Taxonomic Identification and Conservation Concerns

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Marie M. Villareal ◽  
Inocencio E. Buot Jr.
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Secondary Vein ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Leaf Architecture ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Primary Vein ◽  
Acuminate Apex ◽  
Entire Margin

Hoya incrassata Warb. and Hoya crassicaulis Elmer x Kloppenb, both Philippine endemics have been always thought to be one species. Leaf architecture study of the two controversial species were examined to determine if they have similar characteristics in terms of leaf architecture, the main morphological character used in fossil studies and in taxonomic works dealing with sterile plant specimens. The unifying characters of the two species are the symmetrical and unlobed blade, acuminate apex, entire margin, pinnate primary vein, straight primary vein course, weak brochidodromous secondary vein, moderate relative secondary vein thickness, sinuous secondary vein course, loop-forming branches, enclosed by 3° or 4° arches, composite intersecondary veins, random reticulate tertiary vein, regular polygonal reticulate quaternary vein, looped ultimate marginal venation, and random areole arrangement. The characters blade length to width ratio, blade class and form, base shape, variation in secondary vein angle of divergence, and areole development delineates the two species apart. The study proved that H. incrassata and H. crassicaulis are two different species. Leaf architecture can be of great use when identifying and classifying seemingly similar plant species and sterile specimens. As both species are endemics to the Philippines, conservation ought to be massive as these species can be lost anytime with forest destruction. Conservation strategies could include forest protection and domestication.     Keywords - Botany, leaf architecture, taxonomy, Hoya crassicaulis, Hoya incrassata, Philippines

scholarly journals Morphology and Anatomy of the Fused Vein Trait in Cucurbita pepo L.

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
R. Bruce Carle ◽  
J. Brent Loy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Leaf Stage

The morphology, growth rate and anatomy of the fused vein trait were characterized in Cucurbita pepo using the inbreds NH2405 (fused vein), NH7210 (moderately fused vein), and NH614 (normal). Morphological analysis showed that the trait is characterized by a partial fusion of the five primary leaf veins. Fusion begins at the distal point of the petiole and extends along the central vein. Branching of the veins is delayed and there is a reduction of the interveinal leaf blade. Consequently, the upper leaf surface appears puckered or wrinkled. Depending on genetic background, the onset of fused vein leaf production starts at the fourth to tenth leaf stage and continues throughout vegetative growth. The extent of fusion increases with leaf number but stabilizes by the twentieth leaf stage maximum extent of vein fusion also varies with genetic background (5-20 cm). Though fused vein and normal inbreds differed in the rate and pattern of leaf growth, examination of F2 and BC populations revealed no significant effect of the fused vein trait on leaf number, leaf size, and rate of leaf initiation. Anatomical examination revealed different vascular patterns in the transition zone between petiole and leaf blade for normal and fused vein leaves. In normal leaves, the vascular bundles of the petiole enlarge and coalesce to form a vascular crescent. The crescent reorganizes and diverges as large vascular columns and pairs of smaller flanking vascular bundles into each vein. In contrast, two cycles of enlargement, coalescence, and dispersal occur in fused vein leaves.

scholarly journals Distribution of 18s rDNA variants of Diderma hemisphaericum (Myxomycota) specimens obtained from moist chambers of materials collected in the Philippines and Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
18S Rdna ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Geographic Isolation ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
The Common

Since there are only limited biogeographic studies of myxomycetes in Southeast Asia, this study was conducted to assess the molecular diversity of Diderma hemisphaericum, a cosmopolitan myxomycetes species that abundantly occurs in most moist chamber collections in tropical Southeast Asia. Specimens that contain D. hemisphaericum were gathered from various parts of the Philippines: (i) Los Banos, (ii) Calauan, (iii) Basud, (iv) Isarog and (v) Malilipot; and Vietnam: (i) Thai Nguyen (ii) Ha Noi and (iii) Da Nang. Using modern molecular techniques, the common barcode nuclear marker 18S rDNA for myxomycetes was targeted for the 50 specimen used in this study. A total of 27 ribotypes (11 from the Philippines and 16 from Vietnam) were obtained. The Mantel test showed that genetic differentiation among ribotypes is not correlated with geographic distances. The FST index (0.083) indicates high genetic intermixing between the Philippines and Vietnam. Hence, it seems that the variation across regional scale gene pool is not directly influenced by geographic isolation but rather by environmental selection.

scholarly journals Searching for a sign of exotic Aedes albopictus (Culicidae) introduction in major international seaports on Kyushu Island, Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0009827
Author(s):  
Chao Yang ◽  
Toshihiko Sunahara ◽  
Jinping Hu ◽  
Kyoko Futami ◽  
Hitoshi Kawada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Container Transportation ◽  
Temperate Region ◽  
Kyushu Island

Background The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, has spread around the world. The migration was mainly mediated by maritime transportations. This species is known as an efficient vector for arboviruses, and it was responsible for the recent dengue outbreak in Tokyo, Japan. As the vector competence varies among geographical populations, and insecticide resistant populations have emerged, it is important to reveal their movements. The present study uses molecular techniques to search for a sign of introduction of an exotic population in three major international seaports on Kyushu Island. Methodology/principal findings Adults of Ae. albopictus were sampled around the international seaports of Fukuoka, Kitakyushu, and Nagasaki. Pairwise fixation indexes were estimated between the sampled populations based on 13 microsatellite markers. There was no clear genetic differentiation between distant and port populations in Kitakyushu and Nagasaki. However, the analysis found one distinct group near the container terminal in Fukuoka, which handles international freight containers mainly from adjacent countries. DNA samples were also obtained from Goto, Tsushima, Honshu, Ryukyu, Thailand, and the Philippines; and a cluster analysis and discriminant analysis revealed that the distinct group in Fukuoka did not belong to these groups. Combined with the results of phylogenetic analysis based on CO1, these results implied that this group originated from one Asian temperate region outside of Japan. Neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis suggested that the establishment of this group was not recent. Conclusions/significance The present study found a sign of Ae. albopictus introduction from a temperate region of Asia through maritime freight container transportation. The genetically distinct group found in Fukuoka likely originated from a temperate region outside of Japan. Maritime container transportation may introduce to Japan mosquitoes with greater vector competence/insecticide resistance. This is the first study to describe the spatial population structure of Ae. albopictus in Japan using molecular techniques.

scholarly journals Phanerosorus (Matoniaceae), a new fern genus record for the Philippines

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 170 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
JULIE F. BARCELONA ◽  
PIETER B. PELSER
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Leaf Architecture

The fern family Matoniaceae C. Presl (1847: 32) is a small group composed of only two genera, Matonia R. Brown in Wallich (1829: 16) and Phanerosorus Copeland (1909: 344) with three or four species characterized by rhizomes with polycyclic solenosteles covered with thick uniseriate hairs, anastomosing veins in fertile parts of the lamina, peltate and fugacious indusia, relatively large sporangia and gametangia, and tetrahedral, trilete spores (Kramer 1990, Kato & Setoguchi 1998).  The two genera differ from each other in leaf architecture (pedate in Matonia and pinnate in Phanerosorus), habit, and habitat preferences (Phanerosorus pendent and obligately calcicolous and Matonia erect and preferring exposed, sometimes mineralized ridges of high mountains; Kato & Iwatsuki 1985, Barcelona et al. 1996).

Comparative midrib anatomy of Monodora Dunal. and Isolona Engl. (Annonaceae) from West-central Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
Sunday Adebunmi Adeniran ◽  
Akeem Babalola Kadiri ◽  
James Dele Olowokudejo
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Vascular Bundle ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
West Central ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Plant Taxon

This article assessed midrib anatomical description of Isolona Dunal. And Monodora Engl. (Annonaceae) from West-Central Africa. Twelve species of tribe Monodoreae were investigated on the basis of micromorphology of midrib characters with the aid of light microscopy. The study provided important taxonomic characters which aid delineation of inter and infrageneric species within the duo genera. The generic features include centrally positioned, open collateral vascular bundle and furrow shaped midribs which are diagnostic to the genera.U shaped vascular bundles are present in most of the species with inviginating or expanded endings while marginal traces vary from 2 to 4. The presence of keel protrusion at abaxial surface established a closer affinity among M. angolensis, M. crispata, and M undulata with additional features species were delimited. Other variable useful features of midrib encountered are trichomes, parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma, and adaxial and abaxial shape. The midrib characters have been used to prepare an indented dichotomous key to delimit the species in the genera studied. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 283-291, 2020 (December)

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