scholarly journals Evaluation of genetic diversity and morphological variability in Stellaria media (L.) Vill. using RAPD marker

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Shahram Mehri ◽  
Hassan Shirafkan Ajirlou ◽  
Iman Kolbadi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
The North ◽  
Geographical Regions

Stellaria media (L.) Vill., known under the name of chickweed, is an annual medicinal plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. This species is distributed in the north regions of Iran. In the present study, the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to estimate infraspecific variation in different populations of Stellaria media. Samples from 11 populations were collected from different regions of the country during spring 2018. For RAPD investigations, populations were divided into three geographical regions. This study provides important data on the genetic diversity, population structure and morphological characteristics of Stellaria media. The AMOVA and Gst analyses showed that the populations of this species are genetically differentiated. Nm analysis revealed very low value of genetic diversity among the studied population and mantel test indicated isolation by distance occurred among them. The studied populations of S. media are differentiated in morphological characteristics and genetic content. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(1): 173-184, 2020 (June)

scholarly journals Species relationship and genetic diversity in some Iranian Lamium L. species using ISSR markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
FATEMEH AZIMISHAD ◽  
MASOUD SHEIDAI ◽  
SAYED MEHDI TALEBI ◽  
ZAHRA NOORMOHAMMADI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Species Relationships ◽  
Species Relationship

Abstract. Azimishad F, Sheidai M, Talebi SM, Noormohammadi Z. 2019. Species relationship and genetic diversity in some Iranian Lamium L. species using ISSR markers. Biodiversitas 20: 1963-1972. Lamium is a widespread and taxonomically complex genus of Lamiaceae which comprises of 16-38 species. This genus is represented in Iran by nine species. In the present study, we used morphological and molecular (ISSR, Cp DNA, and nrITS) data to evaluate species relationships, genetic diversity and population genetic structure of the genus. 27 morphological characteristics, including 13 qualitative and 14 quantitative, and ten ISSR markers were used for morphological and genetical evaluation of 73 accessions from eight taxa. In general, species relationships obtained from morphological and molecular data were largely congruent. In the morphological study, characteristics like the life form, leaf shape, absence/existence of bracts and shape of corolla, were distinctive traits and we did not encounter intermediate forms. Our findings indicated a very high efficiency of the ISSR markers in the identification and delimitation of Lamium species. These results confirmed the placement of L. galeobdolon in the genus Lamium and segregation of L. purpureum and L. garganicum in section Lamium. AMOVA analysis revealed that the species of this genus are genetically differentiated. Nm analysis showed very low value of gene flow among the studied species and mantel test indicated isolation by distance occurred among them.

scholarly journals Evaluation of genetic diversity in geranium (Geraniaceae) using RAPD marker

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-378
Author(s):  
Juan Yin ◽  
Majid Khayatnezhad ◽  
Abdul Shakoor
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Genetic Structure Of Populations

Genetic diversity studies are essential to understand the conservation and management of plant resources in any environment. No detailed Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) studies were conducted to study Geranium genetic diversity. Therefore, we collected and analyzed thirteen species from nine provinces. Overall, one hundred and twenty-five plant specimens were collected. Our aims were 1) to assess genetic diversity among Geranium species 2) is there a correlation between species genetic and geographical distance? 3) Genetic structure of populations and taxa. We showed significant differences in quantitative morphological characters in plant species. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean and multidimensional scaling divided Geranium species into two groups. G. sylvaticum depicted unbiased expected heterozygosity (UHe) in the range of 0.11. Shannon information was high (0.38) in G. columbinum. G. sylvaticum showed the lowest value, 0.14. The observed number of alleles (Na) ranged from 0.25 to 0.55 in G. persicum and G. tuberosum. The effective number of alleles (Ne) was in the range of 1.020-1.430 for G. tuberosum and G. collinum. Gene flow (Nm) was relatively low (0.33) in Geranium. The Mantel test showed correlation (r = 0.27, p=0.0002) between genetic and geographical distances. We reported high genetic diversity, which clearly shows the Geranium species can adapt to changing environments since high genetic diversity is linked to species adaptability. Present results highlighted the utility of RAPD markers and morphometry methods to investigate genetic diversity in Geranium species.

Genetic Diversity Within and Among Populations of Shorea Robusta Roxb. Ex Gaertn. In Bangladesh and Its Implications for Conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-412
Author(s):  
Pragga Saha Sharmi ◽  
Md Abul Kashem ◽  
Rifat Samad ◽  
Mohammad Zabed Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographical Regions

Fragmentation and reduction of natural population size render threats to the conservation of forest resources through depletion of genetic diversity. Hence, information on genetic structure of Sal (Shorea robusta Roxb. ex Gaertn.) populations is relevant for proper management and conservation of the tropical deciduous forests. The present study focused on assessing the genetic diversity of the populations of Sal which was the dominant tree species of the deciduous forests of Bangladesh. Plant leaf samples were collected from the three populations of Sal distributed in the three geographical regions including Madhupur tract in the districts Tangail and Gazipur and that of the districts of Cumilla and Dinajpur. DNA band profiles were generated using eight ISSR primers for a total of 13 samples taken from the three populations. Statistical analysis was done using PopGen 32 and GenAlEx 6.5 softwares. Principal coordinate analysis done on the DNA band profiles revealed that Sal populations of Madhupur tract and Cumilla positioned nearby while Dinajpur showed maximum genetic distance with that of Cumilla. Mantel test showed significant (p=0.05) correlation between genetic and geographic distances indicating “Isolation by Distance”. Data of the present study indicated higher genetic polymorphism (68.87%) in the Sal population of Madhupur tract compared to other two populations. Small population size of Sal of Dinajpur forest might be related with its low genetic diversity. Data of the present study suggest immediate attention for the conservation of Sal forests in Bangladesh before further genetic erosion occurs. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 405-412, 2021 (June)

scholarly journals Estimation of the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Thailand’s Rice Landraces Using SNP Markers

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 995
Author(s):  
Wanchana Aesomnuk ◽  
Siriphat Ruengphayak ◽  
Vinitchan Ruanjaichon ◽  
Tanee Sreewongchai ◽  
Chanate Malumpong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Landraces ◽  
Geographical Regions

Rice is a staple food for more than half of the world’s population. Modern rice varieties have been developed for high yield and quality; however, there has been a substantial loss of diversity. A greater number of genetically dynamic landraces could offer valuable and useful genetic resources for rice improvement. In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of 365 accessions of lowland and upland landraces from four populations from different geographical regions of Thailand were investigated using 75 SNP markers. Clustering analyses using maximum likelihood, Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA), and Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components (DAPC) clustered these landraces into two main groups, corresponding to indica and japonica groups. The indica group was further clustered into two subgroups according to the DAPC and STRUCTURE analyses (K = 3). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis results revealed that 91% of the variation was distributed among individuals, suggesting a high degree of genetic differentiation among rice accessions within the populations. Pairwise FST showed the greatest genetic differentiation between the northeastern and southern populations and the smallest genetic differentiation between the northern and northeastern populations. Isolation-by-distance analysis based on a Mantel test indicated a significant relationship between the genetic distance and geographic distance among the Thai rice landraces. The results from this study provide insight into the genetic diversity of Thai rice germplasm, which will enhance the germplasm characterization, conservation, and utilization in rice genetics and breeding.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and morphological variability in Geranium purpureum Vill. (Geraniaceae) of Iran

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 543-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Bozchaloyi ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Maryam Keshavarzi ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Genetic Stratification

Genetic variability and populations, structure were studied in 15 geographical populations of Geranium purpureum Vill. (Geraniaceae). Genetic diversity parameters were determined in these populations. AMOVA and Gst analyses revealed the presence of genetic variability within populations and significant molecular difference among the studied populations. Mantel test showed positive significant correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the studied populations. STRUCTURE and K-Means clustering revealed populations, genetic stratification. UPGMA dendrogram of populations based on morphological characters was in agreement with NJ tree of molecular data. These results indicated that geographical populations of G. purpureum are well differentiated both in genetic content as well as morphological characteristics. Consensus tree based on morphological and genetic data separated some of these populations from the others suggesting the existence of ecotypes within this species.

Species delimitation and population structure in three Onosma (Boraginaceae) species

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Samira Sadeghi ◽  
Mahnaz-Arab Ameri ◽  
Ahmad-Reza Mehrabeian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Genetic Difference ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Nj Tree ◽  
Issr Molecular Markers

AbstractThe present study aimed to reveal genetic diversity and population structure in three Onosma species i.e., Onosma bulbotrichum DC., O. elwendicum Wettst. and O. sericeum Willd. (Boraginaceae) growing in Iran. This study was performed to check if the ISSR molecular markers could be used in the Onosma species delimitation. We also investigated the infra-specific morphological variability and if we can identify infra-species taxonomic forms. The present study revealed within species genetic and morphological diversity. ISSR data could delimit the studied species as they were separated from each other in NJ tree, maximum parsimony and STRUCTURE analysis. AMOVA and Hickory tests produced significant genetic difference among the studied species. The Mantel test showed no correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance of the populations for all three species. Reticulation analysis and Nm estimation showed gene flow among these populations. We could identify a few ISSR loci that are adaptive. Data obtained can be used in conservation of these medicinal plants in Iran.

Development of DNA fingerprinting keys for the identification of radish cultivars

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pradhan ◽  
G. Yan ◽  
J. A. Plummer
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Difference Matrix ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Identification of cultivars is extremely important both for cultivation and breeding of crop plants. Cultivar identification based on morphological characteristics can be difficult and complicated. Polymerase chain reaction technologies, such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, can readily and quickly identify cultivars using seeds and young leaves. Sixty individuals representing 7 radish cultivars were examined for RAPD marker polymorphism. Based on the polymorphism generated, 5 primers were selected, out of the 14��examined, to fingerprint the cultivars. The 5 primers produced a total of 52 fragments, 6 monomorphic and 46�polymorphic fragments, ranging in size from 206 to 2258 base pairs. A total and mean character difference matrix was calculated based on the RAPD data and a dendrogram was constructed using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA). Three DNA fingerprinting keys were developed for the 7 cultivars and 5 markers derived from 3 primers was the minimum required to distinguish cultivars. Results demonstrated that RAPD markers could be effectively used for the identification of radish cultivars.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of guava (Psidium guajava L.) germplasm by RAPD analysis

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ahmed ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
SA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Local Farmers

Psidium guajava L. is a perennial fruit tree in subtropical and tropical areas. In Bangladesh, P. guajava has been used as edible fruits and people use it to treat acute diarrhea, cough and intestinal spasmodic diseases. In the present study, morphological and molecular characterizations were used to display different levels of variability. Molecular marker random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used for the molecular identification of 33 P. guajava germplasm from three selected south-western location of Bangladesh. Among them, eleven commercially cultivated germplasm and the rest twenty two were collected from local farmers. The 10-mer and 12-mer oligonucleotide primers were used in RAPD to amplify. Four primers, A02, A03, S07 and S08, were able to direct the amplification and yield a total of 252 band patterns of which 33.19% were polymorphic. The highest percent of polymorphic loci (37.5%) was observed from primer A03 and the lowest (28.57%) was from primer S08. Results were analyzed by molecular algorithm UPGMA and Neighbor-Joining. Thirty-three genotypes on the dendrogram were identified and divided into two major groups and subgroups on the basis of morphological characteristics and also on the uncultivated and commercial cultivars. The range of genetic distance was observed 0.5253 (Jelly and Thai) to 0.6631 (V30 and V 22). Based on the cluster analysis, the P. guajava samples have morphological difference were grouped independently. The results suggested that RAPD is useful for the discrimination of uncultivated, cultivars P. guajava for high economy.Key words: Guava; Germplasm; RAPD; Marker; Dendrogram.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i3.8823International Journal of Natural Sciences (2011), 1(3):62-67

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