Nutritional and Antinutritional Properties of the Underexploited Wild Legume Rhynchosia bracteata Benth

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
KSR Murthy ◽  
S Emmanuel
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Regular Component ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile

The nutritional composition and antinutritional factors of Rhynchosia bracteata Benth. underexploited tribal pulses locally known as Advi Chekkudu in Telugu, used as food by local tribals in the Rollapenta forest, Kurnool district, Nallamalais of Andhra Pradesh. The mature seed samples were analysed for proximate composition, total (true) seed protein fractions, amino acid composition, fatty acids profile, mineral and antinutritional factors. The investigated seed samples contained higher amount of crude protein, crude fat, ash and nitrogen free extractives constitute 20.18, 6.16, 6.12 and 61.31 % respectively. The calorific value of the seed weight 100 g dry seed material was 366.86 K.cal. The essential amino acids, leucine, tyrosine and phenylalanine, were present in relatively large quantities. The fatty acid profiles revealed that the seed lipids contained higher concentrations of palmitic and linoleic acids. The seeds are rich in magnesium, iron potassium and phosphorous. Antinutritional factors such as total free phenols, (3.76 %) tannins (0.29%), L -DOPA (0.51%), hydrogen cyanide (0.066%) and phytic acid (0.18%) are present in variable quantities. This paper presents the chemical composition and nutritional potential of Rhynchosia bracteata seeds with regard to its suitability as a regular component in human diet. Key words. Rhynchosia bracteata; Proximate composition; Amino acids; Antinutritional factors; Fatty acids; Protein fractions; Hemagglutinating activity   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i2.4488 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 46(2), 141-146, 2011

scholarly journals Proximate composition, mineral content and amino acid profile of Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke baill leaf

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Efosa Ewere ◽  
Oboso Etim ◽  
Usunomena Usunobun
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis ◽  
Mineral Analyses

Several plants are utilized for medicinal and nutritional purposes. Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill leaf is used in herbal medicine for treatment of a number of ailments. This study was therefore carried out to investigate the proximate composition, antinutritional factors, mineral composition and amino acid profile of Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill leaf. The proximate and antinutritional factors analyses were done using standard procedures. The mineral analyses were done using flame photometry, titrimetic method, molybdo vanadate method and atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the amino acid profile was done with the aid of Applied Biosystems PTH amino acid analyzer. Results of proximate analyses were carbohydrates (75.15±1.29 %), protein (11.43±1.07 %), fat (1.99±0.74 %), fibre (4.89±0.61 %), ash (6.71±0.28 %), moisture (5.12±0.03 %) and caloric value (364.30±5.95 Kcal). Antinutrients (phytate, oxalate and cyanide) levels in the leaf were also very low. Results from mineral analyses obtained revealed that the leaf is also a very rich source of calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium and so on. Compared with the World health organization (WHO) standards, results of the amino acid profile showed that the leaf is very rich in isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, threonine, valine and tyrosine which are nutritionally essential amino acids. Furthermore, extraction of the leaf using ethanol reduced the levels of these amino acids but not below the recommended WHO standard levels for most of the essential amino acids. Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill leaf is therefore a potential source of key nutrients.

scholarly journals Nutrient profiling of traditionally sun-dried Acetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Balange ◽  
K. A. Martin Xavier ◽  
Sanath Kumar ◽  
B. B. Nayak ◽  
G. Venkateshwarlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

An attempt was made to study the nutrient profile of traditionally sun-dried Acetes with respect to its proximate composition, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals and heavy metals. From the results, it was found that dried Acetes contained 19.00±0.70% moisture, 48.29 ± 0.64% crude protein, 16.05±0.52% ash and 3.62±0.09% crude fat. Biopolymer content in dried Acetes showed 10% chitin. Amino acid profile of dried Acetes confirmed that it could serve as a significant source of essential amino acids. Fatty acid profile revealed 9, 12-otadecadieonic acid (17.08%), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (15.69%), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (13.45%) and docosanoic acid (11.75%) as the major fatty acids. Mineral profiling indicated the presence of P, Ca, K, Mg, Na and Fe. Heavy metal analysis indicated the presence of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. However, harmful metals like cadmium and lead were found to be low. From microbiological quality analysis of dried Acetes, the total plate count and faecal coliforms count were found to be 4.1 x 103 cfu g-1 and 35 MPN per100 ml, respectively while Staphylococcus aureus colonies were not detected. Results of the study indicated that dried Acetes was not processed properly and hygienically as revealed by its content of high moisture and faecal coliforms, respectively. Further, based on proximate composition, amino acids, fatty acids and mineral profile, it can be concluded that dried Acetes can be a good source of health beneficial nutrients.

scholarly journals Effect of Sex and Age on Nutritional Content in Wild Axis Deer (Axis axis Erx.) Meat

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1560
Author(s):  
Nikolina Kelava Ugarković ◽  
Miljenko Konjačić ◽  
Zvonimir Prpić ◽  
Kristijan Tomljanović ◽  
Damir Ugarković
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Axis Axis ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Axis Deer

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of sex and age on proximate chemical, fatty acid, amino acid and mineral content of axis deer (Axis axis Erx.) meat. Sixteen (n = 16) animals were hunt-harvested and assigned to groups according sex and age (sub-adult and adult). All analyses were made on m. longissimus thoracis sampled between the 9th and 13th ribs. Minor differences in nutritional composition of axis deer meat were found between analysed sex and age groups. Axis deer meat has a high protein (22.8%) and low fat (1.39%) content. Saturated fatty acids accounted for 44.97% and polyunsaturated for 29.66% of the total fatty acids. Ratios of fatty acids were within the recommended values. Glutamic and aspartic acid were the most abundant non-essential, and lysine and leucine the most common essential amino acids. The ratio of essential to non-essential amino acids was <1. Potassium and phosphorous were the dominant macro-minerals, while iron and zinc were the dominant micro-minerals. The results of this study show that regardless of sex or age, axis deer meat can be considered a good source of basic macro- and micro-nutrients, and can be recommended as a substitute for red meat from domestic animals.

Comparison on Nutrient Composition and Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Profile of Muscle in Wild and Farmed Carassius auratus

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 288-292
Author(s):  
Xing Hong Xu ◽  
Xiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Wild Group

The nutritional compositions, including amino acids and fatty acids profile in muscle were compared between wild and farmed Carassius auratus to evaluate the nutritional value. The contents of moisture, crude protein, fat, carbohydrate and ash in wild C. auratus were 74.47%, 19.12%, 3.72%, 1.52% and 1.18％, and those of farmed C. auratus were 74.03%, 18.41%, 4.54%, 1.95% and 1.06％, respectively. The contents of total amino acids (TAA) and essential amino acids (EAA) in wild C. auratus were obviously higher than those of farmed group (dry sample), whereas the protein of farmed C. auratus has more well-balanced amino acid composition based on the Amino acid scores. Abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were observed in the muscles of two groups, however the ratio of n-6/n-3 especially the wild group were significantly higher than the value (4.0 at maximum) recommended by UK Department of Health and the value of China (4:1～6:1). So the fatty acids composition of C. auratus was not ideal for the human health.

scholarly journals Variation in the Proximate Composition, Amino Acids Content and Fatty Acids of Thai Pangus (Pangasianodonhypophthalmus) Fish Depending on Size

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-49
Author(s):  
Md. Salman ◽  
Sharmin Suraiya ◽  
Pranta Das ◽  
Md. Aminur Islam ◽  
Monjurul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Fish Weight

The nutritional characteristics such as proximate composition, amino acids, and fatty acids properties of fish depend on the size of fish. Determination of the nutritional parameters of Thai pangus muscle depending on five different sizes, viz., 0.5 kg, 1.0 kg, 1.5 kg, 2.0 kg, and 2.5 kg showed that the moisture content was decreased whereas the protein content was increased with the increment of fish weight. The protein content was the highest 16.60% in 2.5 kg size fish and the lowest content 14.75% was in 0.5 kg size fish. The lipid content was found to increase significantly (P≤0.05) with the increment of fish weight. There were eight essential and nine non-essential amino acids available and the contents were found to increase with the increment of fish weight. The content of essential amino acids was the highest (14.43 g/100 g fish muscle) in 2.5 kg size fish while the lowest (7.79 g/100 g fish muscle) in 0.5 kg size fish. Total 13 fatty acids were detected in fish oil among which oleic acid content was the highest (44.55% to 47.10%) followed by palmitic acid (25.78% to 36.39%), however, the ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids contentwere very poor. The saturated fatty acids content were found to increase whereas the polyunsaturated fatty acids content were found to decrease with increasing the size of fish. So, the findings of this present study reveal that the muscles of Thai Pangus fish are considered as highly nutritive and healthy.

scholarly journals Nutritional Composition of Frozen Fillets from Pangasius Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis nilotcus) Imported to European Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 931-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kulawik ◽  
Władysław Migdał ◽  
Joanna Tkaczewska ◽  
Florian Gambuś ◽  
Katarzyna Szczurowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Amino Acids Composition ◽  
Tilapia Fillets ◽  
Self Service ◽  
Amino Acids Profile

AbstractThe proximate composition, fatty acids and amino acids profile as well as mineral composition of frozen fillets from Pangasius catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) imported to Poland (PP), Germany (PG) and Ukraine (PU) and fillets from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis nilotcus) imported to Poland (TP) and Germany (TG) were investigated. PU contained ten times more fat than PG and PP. Tilapia fillets contained higher levels of n-3 fatty acids and showed more preferable n-6/n-3 ratio than pangasius fillets. The fillets of PG contained higher levels of protein and essential amino acids than PU and PP, however the amino acids composition of pangasius and tilapia fillets was similar for all specimens. The fillets of PP and PU contained significantly higher amounts of sodium than other studied groups, which suggests that they were subjected to additional treatment to increase their water holding capacity. The results show significant differences in the nutritional composition of pangasius depending on their place of import, thus it was recommended that more information regarding the nutritional composition of the frozen fillets sold through self-service freezers should be provided for the final consumer.

scholarly journals Changes in the alkaloid, α-galactoside and protein fractions content during germination of different lupin species

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Chilomer ◽  
Karolina Zaleska ◽  
Danuta Ciesiołka ◽  
Piotr Gulewicz ◽  
Andrzej Frankiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Lupin Seeds ◽  
Qualitative Changes

The objective of our studies were seeds of two lupin species <em>Lupinus luteus</em> L. and <em>Lupinus angustifolius</em> L. cvs. Lord and Graf respectively. Lupin seeds were germinated at 15 and 24<sup>o</sup>C and during two, three and four days. In the lupin sprouts antinutritional factors: alkaloids and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) and five nitrogen fractions: non protein (Nnp), albumin (A), globulin (G), glutelin and prolamin (Gt+P) and nitrogen residue fraction (Nr) were determined. The level of these compounds was compared with the proper ones of initial material (not germinated seeds). These studies showed that the germination process clearly affects the decrease of antinutritional factors: RFOs and alkaloids. The decrease level of these compounds depended on such factors like, lupin species and used germination conditions. It was found on the base of nitrogen analysis of particular protein fractions that the germination process of lupin seeds causes deep quantitative and qualitative changes in fractional composition of lupin proteins. It especially concerns the decrease of globulin and residual fraction content and distinct increase of Nnp fraction. The changes in other fractions were not so unequivocal in comparison with the mentioned above and depended on lupin species, temperature and time of germination. Qualitative changes of A, G and Gt+P fractions caused by germination were confirmed by gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The amino acid analysis of seeds and sprouts of Nnp fractions showed an increased content of Asp, Ser, Ala, Pro - non essential amino acids (NEAA), and Val, Met, iLeu, Leu, Thr - essential amino acids (EAA). Simultaneously a decrease of Glu, Arg (NEAA), Phe, Lis, Cys (EAA) contents was observed. Generally the germination process causes the decrease of total NEAA and an increase of total EAA in Nnp fractions of both lupin species.

Composition and Nutritional Evaluation of the Cuttlefish Muscle

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1553-1558
Author(s):  
Sheng Jun Chen ◽  
Lai Hao Li ◽  
Xian Qing Yang ◽  
Bo Qi ◽  
Yan Yan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Acid Index

The nutritional components in the cuttlefish muscle were analyzed and the nutritive quality was evaluated in the paper. The results showed that the contents of the cuttlefish muscle in crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate were 16.60%, 0.86%, 1.30%, respectively. There were 18 kinds amino acids and the total amino acids reached 17.44%, with an essential amino acid index(EAAI) of 67.95. The composition of the essential amino acids in muscle ratio was consistent with the FAO/WHO standards. In addition, the contents of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 41.13%, 12.15% and 46.72%, respectively. And the muscle contains a higher content of EPA and DHA, reached 11.0% and 24.49%, respectively. It was considered that the cuttlefish muscle has a high nutritive value and it can be the important material of the high quality protein and unsaturated fatty acid.

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