scholarly journals A futuristic view of energy saving and related energy rebound effect in Bangladesh using complete decomposition model (CDM)

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
S Khosruzzaman ◽  
MA Asgar ◽  
MA Asgar ◽  
KMR Rahman ◽  
S Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Rebound Effect ◽  
Structural Effect ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Intensity Effect ◽  
Complete Decomposition ◽  
Decomposition Model ◽  
Activity Effect

In this paper Complete Decomposition Model is used to compute the future energy saving pattern from the difference of the 'trend' and 'real' values of energy consumption. The 'trend' is defined as a sum of activity effect and the energy use in the base year. The 'real' is defined as a sum of energy consumption in the base year and the change in energy consumption due to the activity effect, structural effect and intensity effect. This analysis is carried out in respect of Bangladesh for the period 2008-2030. The economic sectors that are taken in to account are agriculture, industry and service. The futuristic view shows that Bangladesh can save about 47.47 MTOE in agriculture sector and 34.96 MTOE from service sector. On the other hand, industry sector, which is accounted for 58% of the total energy consumption, failed to save energy, rather the country consumed 227 MTOE more energy than usual. The energy rebound effect that relies upon the activity effect and structural effect has also been estimated to examine the energy uses pattern of these sectors. The aggregate energy rebound effect was found to be 1480 MTOE, of which activity effect and structural effect contribute 91.21% and 8.78% respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i3.13066 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(3), 313-320 2012

scholarly journals Analysing South Africa’s automotive energy consumption : application of index decomposition analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rofhiwa Tevin Machivha
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Structural Effect ◽  
Intensity Effect ◽  
Sectoral Shifts ◽  
Activity Effect ◽  
Index Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Index Decomposition ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
The Impact

This research focuses on applying the Index Decomposition Analysis (IDA) to South Africa’s automotive industry to decompose energy consumption and further make use of regression analysis to understand how it relates to the economy. South Africa has been going through an energy crisis, which has resulted in ongoing load shedding as a way to manage this crisis. Looking at South Africa’s energy generation, it can be noted that the entire country depends on Eskom as the main supplier and of electricity, but it is unable to keep pace with the demand. The results of the research show that there exists a nexus across all segments between energy consumption and GDP; furthermore, the decomposition results show that energy consumption in some years experienced a reduction. However, it can be seen that an increase in energy consumption year on year is predominant; this then suggests that the reductions experienced were the result of a special event; hence, it can be deduced that overall energy consumption has increased slightly. The increase is as a result of the activity effect which contributed the most towards this whilst the structural effect yielded a negligible contribution. Lastly, the intensity effect contributed to the reduction in energy consumption as a result of sectoral shifts; this reduction contributed towards keeping the overall increase in energy consumption low. This study aimed to outline the differences in energy consumed during the production of different vehicle classes, citing various factors responsible for the changes in energy consumption during vehicle production, raising awareness with manufacturers on the impact industrial energy consumption has on the national energy grid and on advising medium to large manufacturers to become suppliers.

scholarly journals A Decomposition Analysis of the Korean Manufacturing Sector: Monetary vs. Physical Outputs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6192
Author(s):  
Junghwan Lee ◽  
Jinsoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Intensity Effect ◽  
Activity Effect ◽  
Index Decomposition ◽  
Output Indicator

This study analyzes the changes in energy consumption of the Korean manufacturing sector using the index decomposition analysis (IDA) method. To capture the production effect based on actual physical activities, we applied the activity revaluation (AR) approach in the analysis. We also developed energy consumption data in terms of primary energy supply to consider conversion loss in the energy sector to avoid any distortions in the intensity effect. The analysis covers every manufacturing subsector in Korea over the period between 2006 and 2018. Combining two distinctive approaches from the previous literature, the AR approach and primary energy-based analysis gives us helpful findings for a climate policy. First, the overall activity effect estimated from the physical output indicator is lower than that from the monetary output indicator. The monetary indicator shows that the share of energy-intensive industries decreases, whereas the physical indicator shows the opposite. Second, in terms of energy efficiency, the intensity effect is estimated as an increasing factor of energy use, whereas inversed results are shown when we use the monetary indicator. Lastly, unlike the previous studies, the AR approach results indicate that Korean manufacturing sectors have been shifting toward an energy-intensive, so it is hard to anticipate positive intensity effects, which means decreasing energy consumption factor, for a while. These results support why analyzing the driving forces of energy consumption through the AR approach and primary energy base is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Integrated Optimization on Energy Saving and Quality of Service of Urban Rail Transit System

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxin Li ◽  
Qiyuan Peng ◽  
Chao Wen ◽  
Shengdong Li ◽  
Xu Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Urban Rail

Optimizing to increase the utilization ratio of regenerative braking energy reduces energy consumption, and can be done without increasing the deviation of train running time in one circle. The latter entails that the train timetable is upheld, which guarantees that the demand for passenger transport services is met and the quality of services in the urban rail transit system is maintained. This study proposes a multi-objective optimization model for urban railways with timetable optimization to minimize the total energy consumption of trains while maximizing the quality of service. To this end, we apply the principles and ideas of calculus to reduce the power of the velocity in the train energy consumption model. This greatly simplifies the complexity of the optimization model. Then, considering the conflicting requirements of decision-makers, weight factors are added to the objective functions to reflect decision-makers’ preferences for energy-saving and the quality of service. We adopt the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) to solve the proposed model. A practical case study of the Yizhuang urban railway line in Beijing is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and evaluate the advantages of the optimal energy saving timetable (OEST) in comparison to the optimal quality of service timetable (OQOST). The results showed that the OEST reduced total energy consumption by 8.72% but increased the deviation of trains running time in one circle by 728 s. The total energy consumption was reduced by 6.09%, but there was no increase in the deviation of train running time in one circle with the OQOST.

Analysis of Electric Energy Consumption Patterns: A Case Study of a Real Life Office Building

2013 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Soo Han ◽  
Youn Kwae Jeong ◽  
Il Woo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Consumption Patterns

Electric energy consumption shares a great portion of commercial building energy. Electric energy saving is essential to reduce total energy consumption in commercial buildings. To draw energy saving methods, it is necessary to monitor real energy consumption patterns and analyze the results. We monitor the lighting and non-lighting energy consumption of eleven zones in a real working office building every fifteen minutes during eleven months. We observe and analyze the monthly and daily energy consumption patterns of all zones and draw several feasible energy saving methods. Moreover, the lighting and occupancy are monitored simultaneously in detail to investigate the unnecessary energy consumption. It shows the possibility of a great amount of energy saving. Because we analyze the energy consumption patterns in all zones, the drawn energy saving methods are applicable to the current building with some added infrastructure and expandable to other similar office buildings. Our result is expected to contribute to reducing the energy consumption in buildings.

Study and Determination of Evaluating Indicator of Public Building Energy Consumption in Hot Summer and Warm Winter Area

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 1953-1958
Author(s):  
Hai Li Sun ◽  
Zhi Chao Wang ◽  
Jun Jun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Public Building ◽  
Partial Energy ◽  
Consumption Index

Determination of buildingenergy consumption index is important for building energy saving.This paper simulits energy consumption of fifty public building(incluiding 15 non - government office buildings, 11 government officebuildings, 12 shopping malls, 12 hotel buildings) after abandoning theunreasonable design and operation factors. We can obtain the building total energy consumption index andpartial energy consumption index.Then all types of building energy consumptiondata are processed with the method of mathematical statistics.We can get fourtypes of biuding energy consumption index and partial energy consumptionindex.This study can provide the basis for energy-saving operation andenergy-saving reformation.

scholarly journals Efficient and Energy-Saving Computation Offloading Mechanism with Energy Harvesting for IoT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yawen Zhang ◽  
Yifeng Miao ◽  
Shujia Pan ◽  
Siguang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Convergence Rate ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Gradient Descent ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Computation Offloading ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Task Processing

In order to effectively extend the lifetime of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, improve the energy efficiency of task processing, and build a self-sustaining and green edge computing system, this paper proposes an efficient and energy-saving computation offloading mechanism with energy harvesting for IoT. Specifically, based on the comprehensive consideration of local computing resource, time allocation ratio of energy harvesting, and offloading decision, an optimization problem that minimizes the total energy consumption of all user devices is formulated. In order to solve such optimization problem, a deep learning-based efficient and energy-saving offloading decision and resource allocation algorithm is proposed. The design of deep neural network architecture incorporating regularization method and the employment of the stochastic gradient descent method can accelerate the convergence rate of the developed algorithm and improve its generalization performance. Furthermore, it can minimize the total energy consumption of task processing by integrating the momentum gradient descent to solve the resource optimization allocation problem. Finally, the simulation results show that the mechanism proposed in this paper has significant advantage in convergence rate and can achieve an optimal offloading and resource allocation strategy that is close to the solution of greedy algorithm.

Energy Saving Studies in Industrial Facilities

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Kanoglu ◽  
Ilker Karabay ◽  
Ibrahim Dincer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Energy Conservation Measures

Efficient energy use is critical for the success of any industrial facility since reduced energy consumption through energy conservation/saving programs can benefit not only consumers and utilities, but society in general as well. In particular, reduced energy consumption generally leads to reduced emissions of greenhouse gases and other air pollutants into the environment. It also helps reduce the operational costs in the facility. There is a strong need to take some energy saving measures in every plant/ facility. Although these may be quite diverse, some of these measures include thermal insulation, use of more efficient equipment, heat recovery systems, high efficiency lighting, changing the fuel, reducing the cost of compressed air, and enhancing productivity. In this study, some certain energy conservation measures are considered for assessing a packaging film manufacturing facility in Gaziantep, Turkey. Taking advantage of dry and hot climates of the city, cooling compressor inlet air by evaporative cooling technique is also assessed. Our investigation shows that there is a huge room for energy conservation measures. The total savings potential are expected to be 869,350 YTL (about $725,000) representing about 16% of the total energy consumption. The payback periods for the identified measures are justified. We believe that the results are typical rather than exceptional for the industrial sector in Turkey.

scholarly journals Energy Saving Estimation of Athens Trolleybuses Considering Regenerative Braking and Improved Control Scheme

Resources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nena Apostolidou ◽  
Nick Papanikolaou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Direct Torque Control ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Total Energy Consumption

In this work, the electromechanical system of the 8000-series of Athens trolleybuses, based on data provided by OSY S.A., is analyzed. Those data were used to develop a valid model in order to estimate the total energy consumption of the vehicle under any possible operating conditions. In addition, an effort is made to estimate the energy saving potential if the wasted energy—in the form of heat—during braking or downhill courses is recovered (regenerative braking) and retrofitted during normal operation. This process requires the installation of appropriate electrical apparatus to recover and temporarily store this energy amount. Moreover, due to the fact that the main engine of the system is an asynchronous electric machine, its driving scheme is also of interest. This study assumes the current driving scheme, that is the direct vector control (DVC), and proposes an alternative control method, the direct torque control (DTC). Energy consumption/saving calculations highlight the effectiveness of incorporating regenerative braking infrastructure in trolleybuses transportation systems. Finally, a sustainable hybrid energy storage unit that supports regenerative braking is proposed.

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