scholarly journals Antinociceptive Effect of the Crude Ethanolic Extract of Crataeva nurvala. Buch. on Mice

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Alam ◽  
ME Haque ◽  
JA Shilpi ◽  
KA Daulla
Keyword(s):  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Experimental Animal Study ◽  
Pain Stimuli ◽  
Dose Dependent

In order to scientifically appraise some of the anecdotal, folkloric, ethnomedical uses of (Bengali name - borun), the present study was undertaken to investigate the antinociceptive properties of the ethanolic extracts of Crataeva nurvala on mice in the Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Laboratory, Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, during the period from December 2003 to February 2004. The antinociceptive effect of crude ethanolic extracts was evaluated by ‘acetic acid' analgesic test method in mice. Crude ethanolic extracts of Crataeva nurvala (250-500 mg/kg PO) produced dose-dependent, significant (p < 0.05-0.001) antinociceptive effect against chemically induced nociceptive pain stimuli in mice. The results obtained in this study suggest that the antinociceptive effect of the extracts of Crataeva nurvala are peripherally and centrally-mediated. The findings of this experimental animal study indicate that crude ethanolic extracts of Crataeva nurvala possesses antinociceptive properties and thus lend pharmacological support to folkloric, anecdotal uses of ‘borun' in the treatment and/or management of painful, arthritic inflammatory conditions. Key Words: Antinociceptive, Crataeva nurvala, diclofenac sodium, writhing  doi:10.3329/bjvm.v4i1.1528 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (1): 65-68

Biological and Phytochemical Screening of Tephrosia purpurea extract on Chemically Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Reference to Biochemical Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Aziz ◽  
Birendra Shrivastava ◽  
Chandana Venkateswara Rao ◽  
Sadath Ali
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
Tephrosia Purpurea ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Ccl4 Treatment ◽  
Dose Dependent

Tephrosia purpurea possesses hepatoprotective activity as evidenced by the significant and dose dependent restoring the activities of entire liver cancer marker enzymes, diminution in tumor incidence, decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increase in the level of antioxidant enzymes (GSH, CAT, SOD, GPx and GST) through scavenging of free radicals, or by enhancing the activity of antioxidant, which then detoxify free radicals. These factors protect cells from ROS damage in NDEA and CCl4-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Histopathological observations of liver tissues too correlated with the biochemical observations. Thus, present investigation suggested that the Tephrosia purpurea would exert a chemoprotective effect by reversing the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance during hepatocarcinogenesis induced by NDEA and CCl4. Besides Tephrosia purpurea is very much effective in preventing NDEA-induced multistage hepatocarcinogenesis possibly through antioxidant and antigenotoxic nature, which was confirmed by various liver injury and biochemical tumour markers enzymes. The hepatoprotective activity of aTephrosia purpurea of 50 % ethanolic extract was studied using rats. The animals received a single intraperitoneal injection of N-nitrosodiethylamine 200mg/kg body wt followed by subcutaneous injection of CCl4 in a dose of 3 ml/kg body wt.Tephrosia purpureaextract dose dependently and significantly the increase in serum hepatic enzyme levels after NDEAand CCl4 treatment compared to the toxin control group. The results of this study confirmed the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of the Tephrosia purpurea extract against carbon tetrachlorideand N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC AND MUSCLE RELAXANT ACTIVITY OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THE LEAVES OF MIRABILIS JALAPA

2017 ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Deepsikha Bharali ◽  
Dipankar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Mirabilis Jalapa ◽  
Muscle Relaxant Activity ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The aim and objectives of the present work is to determine pharmacological activity upon ethnopharmacological survey. The present study deals with phytochemical screening and analgesic as well as muscle relaxant activity of leaves of Mirabilis jalapa.Methods: The present study is aimed at phytochemical screening and evaluating the analgesic and muscle relaxant activities of ethanolic leaf extract of Mirabilis jalapa by using hot plate method and rota rod method respectively [1, 2]. The Phytochemical screening of the extract was done according to the standard procedures to reveal the presence of the active constituents like Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, glycosides, tannins, saponins, steroids, carbohydrates etc [3-5].Results: The analgesic and muscle relaxant activity study were dose dependent. The EEMJ extracts (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg) and the standard drug Diclofenac sodium (25 mg/kg) shows significant increase in the reaction time when compared with control at 30 min, 60 min, 90 min and 120 min and the effect of standard was found to be highest during the study. Another study was designed to evaluate the skeletal muscle relaxant properties of ethanolic extract of leaves of Mirabilis jalapa. Linn by taking the EEMJ extracts (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg) and standard drug Lorzepam (10 mg/kg). Both the extracts and standard drug show decrease in the fall of time in a dose dependent manner when compared with control at 15 min, 30 min, 45 min respectively. Conclusion: Therefore, from the above study it is revealed that Mirabilis jalapa showing better pharmacological activities (Analgesic and Muscle relaxant) in dose dependent manner.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic and Analgesic Effects of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) in Swiss Albino Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Most. Chand Sultana Khatun ◽  
M Ripon Mia ◽  
M Ashraf Ali ◽  
M Moshiur Rahman ◽  
Khadiza Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Antihyperglycemic Effect ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background and purposes: Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) Correa, a medicinal plant is popularly used as herbal remedy for various ailments in Bangladesh. It was also reported that GP has both anti-hyperglycemic and analgesic effects and being widely used to reduce blood glucose and to alleviate pain for many years in this region though published literatures are scarce. The present study was designed to evaluate whether ethanolic extract of Glycosmis pentaphylla (GP) have antihyperglycemic and analgesic effects. A total of 60 Swiss Albino male mice of nine weeks (weight, 20-25g) were used for investigation. Of them, 40 were made diabetic by alloxan. They were investigated in two groups – a) 20 mice by oral glucose tolerance test (4 samples OGTT) – at 0, 30, 90 and 120 min; and b) 20 mice for a week-long antihyperglycemic activity on day 0, 1, 3 & 7. Both the groups were subdivided into four, each having 5 mice – i) the ‘control’ received only 0.5% methyl cellulose as vehicle; ii) ‘Standard’ received vehicle plus metformin; iii & iv) test ‘DGP250’ & ‘DGP500’ received vehicle plus GP extract with 250 & 500 mg /kg, respectively. For the analgesic activity, 20 mice were investigated in four subgroups, each having 5 mice and similar steps were adopted. Here, vehicle was used 1% Tween 80 and intra-peritoneal injection of Acetic acid for eliciting pain in all four subgroups. The ‘standard’ group got diclofenac sodium for comparison with the test groups ‘GP250’ and ‘GP500’. In OGTT, Ethanolic extract of GP250 and GP500 reduced blood glucose at 90 min. But the levels of reduction were more significant at 120 min, 50.7% by GP250 and 66% by GP500 (p<0.001). The reduction is almost comparable with that induced by metformin. Likewise, for a weeklong anti-hyperglycemic activity, the GP extracts were found as equally effective as metfomin, which was also dose dependent. In addition to antihyperglycemic effect, the ethanolic extract of GP showed significant analgesic effect that was also dose dependent. Our results indicate that GP extract has antihyperglycemic effect in both short and in weeklong duration, which is almost comparable to Metformin HCL, a known and widely used antihyperglycemic agent. The GP extract was also found to have an analgesic effect almost comparable to diclofenac sodium, a known analgesic drug. Further study is needed to confirm the anti-hyperglycemic and analgesic effect of GP including its side effects in long term use. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcj.v6i1.14721 Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2012; 6(1): 21-26

scholarly journals Antinociceptive and Anti-edematous Activities of the Essential Oils of Two Balkan EndemicLaserpitium Species

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Višnja Popović ◽  
Silvana Petrović ◽  
Maja Tomić ◽  
Radica Stepanović-Petrović ◽  
Ana Micov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Pressure Test ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

In this paper antinociceptive and anti-edematous effects are examined of the essential oils of the underground parts of two Balkan endemic Laserpitium species (Apiaceae), L. zernyi and L. ochridanum. Furthermore, the essential oil of the underground parts of L. ochridanum is chemically characterised by GC and GC-MS. Antinociceptive and anti-edematous effects were measured in a rat model of localized inflammation, induced by carrageenan, using apparatus for the modified paw-pressure test, and plethysmometer, respectively. The effects of both Laserpitium essential oils were measured after oral gavage administration to male Wistar rats in doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. The main constituents of L. ochridanum essential oil were: α-pinene (33.2%), α-bisabolol (10.3%) and chamazulene (14.9%). The essential oil of L. zernyi was previously shown to be rich in α-pinene (31.6%) and α-bisabolol (30.9%). Both examined essential oils produced a significant dose-dependent antinociceptive effect. The corresponding ED50±SEM in producing antinociception were 45.9±4.9 mg/kg and 42.4±2.1 mg/kg for L. zernyi and L. ochridanum oil, respectively. Both essential oils also significantly reduced paw edema in a dose-dependent manner. The estimated ED50±SEM values for the anti-edematous effect were 36.3±4.5 mg/kg for L. zernyi oil and 45.1±11.3 mg/kg for L. ochridanum oil. These results suggest that the essential oils of both investigated Laserpitium species may be effective against pain and edema present in various inflammatory conditions.

scholarly journals Ethanolic extract of ocimum kilimandscharicum linnleaves: phytochemical and in vitro pharmacological activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Yamini N ◽  
Lahari S ◽  
Phani deepthi V
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Dose Dependent

Using an in vitro model, the anti-thrombolytic efficacy of ethanolic extracts of Ocimum kilimandscharicum Linn was investigated. The researchers discovered that different concentrations of the extract had significant anti-thrombolytic activity in a dose-dependent manner , which was comparable to a standard drug. As a result of the presence of flavonoids and polyphenols in the plant extract, it can be concluded that it has a promising future in the treatment of thrombosis. This knowledge will be useful in the clinical development of thrombolytic therapeutics by identifying more potent anti-thrombolytic principles from natural resources..    

scholarly journals Evaluation of antinociceptive and antipyretic effect of Pupalia lappacea Juss

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vajrala Neeharika ◽  
Humaira Fatima ◽  
Bommineni Madhava Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Dose Dependent

Pupalia lappacea Juss (Family: Amaranthaceae) is claimed to be useful in treatment of bone fracture, wounds, boils, cough, toothache, fever and malaria. The study was aimed to evaluate the 80% aqueous ethanolic extract of aerial parts of P. lappacea for antinociceptive and antipyretic activities to verify the traditional claim. The extract was orally administered at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg. The extract has significantly (P<0.01) reduced the nociception induced by acetic acid. The effect produced was in dose dependent manner. The antinociceptive effect was not reversed by pretreatment with naloxone in acetic acid induced writhing test. In hot plate method, the extract has significantly increased the latency time of jump. The naloxone has partially antagonised the antinociception of extract in hot plate test indicating P. lappacea has morphinomimetic properties. In the study of the CNS-depressant effects, the extract was found to produce significant reduction in head pokes and locomotion in mice by using hole board and locomotor activity test respectively. The extract has significantly reduced the rectal temperature in yeast induced pyrexia in rats at 600 mg/kg. The activity produced by extract was in dose dependent manner. Phytochemical investigation of ethanolic extract of P. lappacea revealed the presence of steroids and/or triterpenoids, flavonoids and phenolic compounds which may be responsible for antinociceptive and antipyretic activity of P. lappacea.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i2.13193 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2013, 2(2): 23-28

scholarly journals Effect of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Tribulus terrestris, Phoenix dactylifera and Nasturtium officinale Mixture on Some Reproductive Parameters in Male Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Nasturtium Officinale ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Dose Dependent

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of the crude extracts mixture of three plants (Tribulus terrestris, Phoenix dactylifera and Nasturtium officinale) on semen quality,sex hormones and reproductive performance of mature male mice. A group of 25 male mice given 150mg/kg/day of the powder of the plants mixture with the food for four weeks and another three groups of 25 animals each given intraperitoneal injection from each of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts with a doses 75, 150, and 300mg/kg/day for two weeks. A remarkable increase in sperm concentration and motility with a decreased abnormal morphology was obtained in the experimental groups. A significant increase in hormones level were recognized in most groups. The results of mating untreated females with treated males of the four experimental groups revealed a decreased gestation period and an increased litter size. The results showed a dose dependent pattern of activity and the effect of the extracts were enhanced with increasing the dose level. The ethanolic extract being the more effective extract in all parameters.

scholarly journals Antinociceptive Effect of Single Components Isolated from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Jing Hui Feng ◽  
Hee Jung Lee ◽  
Set Byeol Kim ◽  
Jeon Sub Jung ◽  
Soon Sung Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Formalin Injection ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Thermal Pain ◽  
Icr Mice ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Pain Models ◽  
Antinociceptive Effects ◽  
Dose Dependent

Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. produces an antinociceptive effect in ICR mice in both chemically induced and thermal pain models. In the present study, we examined the antinociceptive effects of single components isolated from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. (AP) extract in ICR mice. Three active compounds isolated from AP, including rutin, luteolin-7-O-glucuronide, and apigenin-7-O-glucuronide, were isolated and identified by comparing EI-MS, 1H-, 13C-NMR, and UV. We studied the antinociceptive effects of three single components administered orally at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg in monosodium urate (MSU)-treated pain model as measured by von Frey test. Among these compounds, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide was more effective in the production of antinociceptive effects. We further characterized the antinociceptive effects and possible mechanisms of apigenin-7-O-glucuronide in writhing and formalin tests. Oral administration of Apigenin-7-O-glucuronide caused a reduction in the number of writhing and effectively reduced the pain behavior observed during the second phase of the formalin test in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the pretreatment of yohimbine instead of naloxone or methysergide attenuated apigenin-7-O-glucuronide-induced antinociception in the writhing test. Moreover, apigenin-7-O-glucuronide caused reduction in the expression of p-P38, p-CREB, and p-mTOR induced by formalin injection. Our results indicate that apigenin-7-O-glucuronide shows an antinociceptive effect in various pain models. In addition, spinal α2-adrenergic receptors appear to be involved in the production of antinociception induced by apigenin-7-O-glucuronide. Furthermore, the antinociceptive effect of apigenin-7-O-glucuronide appears to be mediated by reduction in the expression of p-P38, p-CREB and p-mTOR levels in the spinal cord.

scholarly journals TheIn VitroEffects of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Leaves ofAgeratum conyzoides(Asteraceae) on Three Life Cycle Stages of the Parasitic NematodeHeligmosomoides bakeri(Nematoda: Heligmosomatidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wabo Poné ◽  
Olivia Fossi Tankoua ◽  
Jeannette Yondo ◽  
Marie Claire Komtangi ◽  
Mpoame Mbida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Heligmosomoides Bakeri ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
Dose Dependent

A comparativein vitrostudy was carried out to determine the ovicidal and larvicidal activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts ofAgeratum conyzoides(Asteraceae) leaves on the eggs (unembryonated and embryonated), first and second larval stages ofHeligmosomoides bakeri. Four different concentrations (0.625, 1.25, 2.5, and 3.75 mg·mL−1) of both aqueous and ethanolic extracts were tested. Distilled water and 5% tween were used as negative controls in the bioassay. In fact, they did not affect development of eggs, hatching, and larval survival. The extract activities were dose dependent. The ethanolic extract was more potent against embryonation (39.6 ± 2.9%) than the aqueous extract (53.3 ± 10.9%) at the highest concentration (3.75 mg·ml−1). Both types of extracts killed larvae. Mebendazole proved more lethal (EC50of 0.745 and 0.323 mg·mL−1, resp., for L1and L2larvae). The aqueous extracts were the least lethal (EC50of 4.76 and 2.29 mg·mL−1, resp., for L1and L2larvae). The ethanolic extracts showed intermediate activity (EC50of 1.323 and 1.511 mg·mL−1, resp., for L1and L2larvae). It is concluded that the ovicidal and larvicidal properties of aqueous and ethanolic extracts ofAgeratum conyzoidesleaves are demonstrated in this work.

scholarly journals Evaluation of analgesic activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of leaf of Plumeria rubra in albino rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanapal Venkatachalam ◽  
Samuel Thavamani B. ◽  
Muddukrishniah .
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Plumeria Rubra

Objective: Plumeria rubra is an important traditional medicinal plant used in various ailments and the indigenous plant as a medicament for treatment of various inflammatory conditions is well documented in literature. The analgesic activity was evaluated by hot-plate and acetic acid induced writhing methods.Methods: The leaves of P. rubra were collected from the local area in and around Palakkad, Kerala (India). About 1500 g of the powder was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus for 12 h using 5.0 L of Ethanol as solvent. The test extracts was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg while Pentazocine (5 mg/kg) and diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg) served as standards.Results: The ethanolic extract of 200 mg/kg having significant analgesic activity in Acetic acid induced abdominal writhing response and percentage of inhibition (PI) (p<0.01 )when compared to control.. The Ethanolic extract of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg exhibited significant analgesic activity in the hot plate method (p<0.001) by increasing the pain reaction time (PAT) of the rats to  sec 7.25±0.38 at 45 min after treatment in comparison to control (4.08±13).Conclusions: The results suggest that ethanolic extracts of P. rubra possesses potent analgesic properties, which support its use in traditional medicine and suggesting that the plant should be further investigated for its pharmacological active natural products.

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