scholarly journals Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) is a good Predictor of NAFLD Activity Score (NAS) for Diagnosing Non- alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Sheikh Mohammad Noor E Alam ◽  
Dulal Chandra Das ◽  
Md Shahinul Alam ◽  
Masuda Mohsena ◽  
Mamun Al Mahtab
Keyword(s):  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Good Predictor ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
Alcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Triglyceride Accumulation ◽  
Nash Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nafld Activity Score

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disorder characterized by excessive triglyceride accumulation in hepatocytes. NAFLD has a multifactorial etiology and a combination of environmental, genetic and metabolic factors play a role in the development of advanced disease. NAFLD consists of a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) which can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite the high prevalence and severity of hepatic illness, NAFLD remains underdiagnosed, because of few symptoms, lack of accurate laboratory markers. The accurate diagnosis of NASH remains dependent on specific histological parameters in liver biopsy. Although liver biopsy remains the ‘gold standard’, there are practical limitations, including costs and risks. There is an increasing requirement for simple, less invasive, highly accurate and affordable screening tools. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) has been proposed as a noninvasive and available marker for assessment of NASH. A hospital based observational study was carried out for a period of two years in the Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed by Chi-square test and student’s t-test respectively. Fifty (50) patients were analysed. Twenty five were NASH and twenty five were non- NASH. AST in NASH group were 55.2 ± 30.1 IU/L and in Non-NASH group were 33.6± 20 IU/L. In NASH group significantly higher percentage of raised AST had NASH compared with normal AST (68% vs.32%).There was significant difference in the NAFLD activity score for diagnosing NASH between elevated and normal AST (P value 0.004). Higher AST values correlated with higher specificity. By multivariate analysis AST were found to be significant. Thus Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is a good predictor for diagnosing non- alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Bangladesh Med J. 2019 Jan; 48 (1): 44-49

scholarly journals Alanine Aminotransferase is a Predictor of NAFLD Activity Score for Diagnosing Non-alcoholic Steatoehpatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dulal Chandra Das ◽  
Sheikh Mohammad Noor E Alam ◽  
Ripon Das ◽  
Masuda Mohsena ◽  
Mamun Al Mahtab
Keyword(s):  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Simple Steatosis ◽  
Triglyceride Accumulation ◽  
Nash Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nafld Activity Score

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disorder characterized by excessive triglyceride- accumulation in hepatocytes. NAFLD has a multifactorial etiology and a combination of environmental, genetic and metabolic factors play a role in the development of advanced disease. NAFLD consists of a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) which can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite the high prevalence and severity of hepatic illness, NAFLD remains under diagnosed, because of few symptoms, lack of accurate laboratory markers. The accurate diagnosis of NASH remains dependent on specific histological parameters in liver biopsy. Although liver biopsy remains the ‘gold standard’, there are practical limitations, including costs and risks. There is an increasing requirement for simple, less invasive, highly accurate and affordable screening tools. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) has been proposed as a noninvasive and available marker for assessment of NASH. A hospital based observational study was carried out for a period of two years in the Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16. Statistical inference were done by estimating distribution, Chi-square test and student’s t-test respectively. Fifty (50) patients were analysed.Twenty five were NASH and twenty five were simple steatosis. ALT in NASH group  were 97.0±51.5IU/L and insimple steatosis group were 55.5±28.6 IU/L. In NASH group 64%  of raised ALT had NASH . In Non-NASH group 16% of raised ALT had no NASH.There was significant difference in the NAFLD activity score for diagnosing NASH between elevated and normal ALT( P  value 0.001). Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 1-6

scholarly journals Adiponutrin and Adiponectin Gene Variants in Indonesian Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: a Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Rayvita AN Meagratia ◽  
Ferdy Kurniawan Cayami ◽  
Udin Bahrudin ◽  
Wiwik Lestari ◽  
Nani Maharani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nash Group ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Nafld Activity Score ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

BackgroundVariants of adiponutrin (PNPLA3) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) genes were considered to be associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although the prevalence of NAFLD is increasing, there are limited numbers of studies about the association in Indonesian population.ObjectiveTo confirm whether specific variants of adiponutrin (PNPLA3) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) genes are associated with NAFLD in Indonesian patients.MethodsData and DNA of 152 participants were obtained from a previous study in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia. PCR-RFLP analysis was performed for detection of PNPLA3 rs738409 and ADIPOQ rs2241767 variants. The diagnosis and severity of NAFLD were assessed according to NAFLD activity score (NAS) based on histopathology assessment of liverbiopsy.ResultsAllele G of PNPLA3rs738409 was associated with NAFLD in both bivariate (p=0.009, OR 2.52, CI 95% 1.25–5.07) and multivariate (p=0.008, OR 2.62, CI 95% 1.29%–5.32%) analysis, while ADIPOQ rs2241767 had no significant association. In NAFLD participants, both genotypes showed allele G was higher in the group of possible non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) – NASH (NAS >2) than in the simple steatosis group (NAS <2) i.e. 40.0% vs. 3.75% for the rs2241767 variant and 23.75% vs. 1.25% for the rs738409 variant, without significant association.ConclusionVariant PNPLA3 rs738409 was associated with NAFLD incidence in studied population. Among NAFLD participants, the frequency of both variants were found higher in the possible NASH – NASH group, yet needs to be confirmed with more participants and a multicenter study.Data and DNA of 152 participants were obtained from a previous study in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia. PCR-RFLP analysis was performed for detection of PNPLA3 rs738409 and ADIPOQ rs2241767 variants. The diagnosis and severity of NAFLD were assessed according to NAFLD activity score (NAS) based on histopathology assessment of liverbiopsy.

Anti-carbamylated Protein Antibodies and Serum Level of 14-3-3 Protein for Early Detection of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient in Correlation with Rheumatoid Factor, Anti-CCP Antibodies, Disease Activity and Joint Damage using High Frequency Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-153
Author(s):  
Sahar A. Ahmed ◽  
Enas M. Darwish ◽  
Walaa A. Attya ◽  
Mai Samir ◽  
Mennatallah Elsayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Disease Activity Score ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
Das 28 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hands And Feet

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common progressive chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease which affects mostly small joints, causing pain, swelling, deformity, and disability. Although progress has been made in exploring RA nature, still there is a lot to know about the disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Aim of the Work: To investigate the role of serum anti-carbamylated protein antibodies and 14-3-3η in the diagnosis of RA compared to rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-CCP antibodies, and highfrequency musculoskeletal ultrasound used to assess the disease activity and joint damage. Methods: Serum anti-carbamylated protein antibodies and 14-3-3η were measured using ELISA in 61 RA patients and 26 normal controls. RA Disease Activity Score (DAS 28), X-ray and musculoskeletal ultrasound (hands and feet), carotid ultrasound (Intima-Media Thickness IMT) were used in assessing the RA disease. Results: Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies were significantly elevated in RA patients 4.5 (4.1- 8.9 U⁄ml) compared to the control 3.2(1.9- 4.3 U⁄ml) (p< 0.001) but 14-3-3η showed no significant difference. There was a significant positive correlation between anti-carbamylated protein antibodies, 14-3-3η levels and disease activity score assessed by DAS 28, increased IMT measured by carotid duplex, total synovitis and total erosion score were assessed by musculoskeletal ultrasound. There was no correlation between RF and anti-CCP antibodies. Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies were found to have 66.7% sensitivity and 85.2% specificity in RA diagnosis, while 14- 3-3η had 51.9% sensitivity and 72.1% specificity. Conclusion: Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies and 14-3-3η have a high sensitivity and specificity in RA diagnosis and had a correlation with the disease activity and joint damage.

scholarly journals Choroidal vascularity index in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasquale Loiudice ◽  
Marco Pellegrini ◽  
Michele Marinò ◽  
Barbara Mazzi ◽  
Ilaria Ionni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Activity Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy ◽  
Imagej Software

Abstract Background Hemodynamic changes have been observed in patients with Graves’ disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate choroidal vascular change using the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). Methods In this cross-sectional observational study, 40 patients affected by TAO were recruited. Forty healthy individuals, matched for age and sex, served as controls. Foveal enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography scans were obtained from all participants. Images were binarized using the ImageJ software and luminal area (LA) and total choroidal area (TCA) were measured. CVI was calculated as the proportion of LA to TCA. The relation between CVI or subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and clinical activity score, exophthalmometric value, diplopia status, gender, and age was evaluated. Results CVI was significantly higher in patients with TAO (P = 0.004). No significant difference was observed in SFCT (P = 0.200) and TCA (P = 0.153) comparing TAO patients and healthy controls. LA was significantly higher in TAO group (P = 0.045). On multiple regression analysis, CVI was associated with TCA (P = 0.043). No association was found between SFCT or CVI and TCA, clinical activity score, exophthalmometric value, Inami value, diplopia status, gender or age (P > 0.05). Conclusions This is the first study that has demonstrated an increase in CVI in eyes with TAO compared with healthy controls and has assessed its association with clinical features.

A Memory Clinic at a Geriatric Hospital: A Report on 577 Patients Assessed with the CAMDEX Over 9 Years

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe A. Stratford ◽  
Dina Logiudice ◽  
Leon Flicker ◽  
Roslyn Cook ◽  
Wendy Waltrowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Memory Clinic ◽  
Mental Test Score ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Icd 10

Objective: To report 9 years’ experience of an Australian memory clinic using the Cambridge Mental Disorders in the Elderly Examination (CAMDEX) assessment schedule, summarizing patient demographics, diagnoses at presentation and the utility of four instruments used in distinguishing patients with and without dementia. Methods: All patients seen at the clinic between December 1989 and September 1998 were assessed using the CAMDEX. Diagnoses were determined according to criteria of the International Classification of Diseases, tenth edition (ICD-10). Results: The mean age of 577 patients seen was 72.9 years and 60.8% were female. Over 40% fulfilled ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for dementia in Alzheimer's disease. A further 24% had another dementing illness. Only 28 patients were ‘normal’. There was no significant difference in the ability of the 107-item Cambridge cognitive examination, the 30-item mini-mental state examination, the 10-item abbreviated mental test score and the 26-item informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly to differentiate dementia patients from those who were normal or had functional psychiatric disorders. The four cognitive screening tools had high correlations with one another (r = −0.57 to 0.93). Conclusion: Patient demographics and diagnoses were similar to those found in other clinics. Most people who attended the memory clinic had significant cognitive or psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Use of GP73 in the diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and the staging of hepatic fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 030006052110553
Author(s):  
Yadi Li ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Yufang Li ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Gaiying Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Golgi Protein ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Nafld Activity Score

Objective To evaluate the utility of Golgi protein 73 (GP73) in the diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatic fibrosis (HF) staging. Methods Ninety-one patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were allocated to NAFL (n = 46) and NASH (n = 45) groups according to their NAFLD activity score (NAS), and there were 30 healthy controls. Serum GP73 was measured by ELISA, GP73 protein expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and FibroScan was used to determine liver hardness. Results The serum GP73 concentrations of the NAFL and NASH groups were significantly higher than those of controls. GP73 expression in the liver of the patients gradually progressed from absent or low to moderate or high. Serum GP73 positively correlated with liver expression, and the serum and liver GP73 of the patients positively correlated with FibroScan value and HF stage. There was a strong positive correlation of the combination of alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase and GP73 with NASH. The combination of serum GP73 and FibroScan value was found to predict NASH (NAS > 4) and advanced HF (stage ≥2) in patients with NAFLD using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Conclusion Serum GP73 may be useful in the diagnosis of NASH and the staging of HF.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Comorbidities in Lithuanian National Database: A Cluster Analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 970
Author(s):  
Elena Jurevičienė ◽  
Greta Burneikaitė ◽  
Laimis Dambrauskas ◽  
Vytautas Kasiulevičius ◽  
Edita Kazėnaitė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
National Database ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Various comorbidities and multimorbidity frequently occur in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), leading to the overload of health care systems and increased mortality. We aimed to assess the impact of COPD on the probability and clustering of comorbidities. The cross-sectional analysis of the nationwide Lithuanian database was performed based on the entries of the codes of chronic diseases. COPD was defined on the code J44.8 entry and six-month consumption of bronchodilators. Descriptive statistics and odds ratios (ORs) for associations and agglomerative hierarchical clustering were carried out. 321,297 patients aged 40–79 years were included; 4834 of them had COPD. A significantly higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), lung cancer, kidney diseases, and the association of COPD with six-fold higher odds of lung cancer (OR 6.66; p < 0.0001), a two-fold of heart failure (OR 2.61; p < 0.0001), and CVD (OR 1.83; p < 0.0001) was found. Six clusters in COPD males and five in females were pointed out, in patients without COPD—five and four clusters accordingly. The most prevalent cardiovascular cluster had no significant difference according to sex or COPD presence, but a different linkage of dyslipidemia was found. The study raises the need to elaborate adjusted multimorbidity case management and screening tools enabling better outcomes.

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