scholarly journals Core Competency of Mid-level Public Health Managers in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmin Jahan ◽  
Meerjady Sabrina Flora
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Core ◽  
Health Managers

Bangladesh has been making remarkable progress in health sector. Despite, there are some areas where further intervention is required. People-centered health systems cannot be strengthened without competent management. Core competencies are the essential knowledge, skills and attitudes required for the practice of public health. This was a first kind of effort to assess the core competencies of mid-level public health managers, working at different tiers of health system in Bangladesh.  This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2012 to June 2013, to assess the core competencies of mid-level public health managers including Civil Surgeons, Programme Managers, Upazilla Health and Family Planning Officers and Upazilla Family Planning Officers.  Data were collected by pretested self administered questionnaire based on competency measuring scale consisting of four grades of scoring. The questionnaires were mailed to 678 managers of whom 26% responded. The male female ratio of the respondents was 8:1 with an average age of 51 years. The level of competency was found, on scale, between aware and knowledgeable. Only 12.4% of the managers had postgraduate education in public health and they obtained higher average scores in all domains. The overall scores of managers in analytical, policy development, communication, cultural competency, community dimension of practice, public health science, financial planning and leadership skills were 2.6, 2.5, 2.6, 2.6, 2.7, 2.3, 2.6 and 2.7 respectively. Some two-thirds (65.7%) of the respondents had short training on different public health areas, and they showed better competency. The study findings suggest that there are scopes of improvement in the competency of mid-level public health managers in Bangladesh. As postgraduation and short training in public health might improve the competency level of the mid-level managers, so education and training for them are thus recommended.

Student and Faculty Perspectives on the Use of Movies in Public Health Pedagogy

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Wade ◽  
Tyler Barrientos ◽  
Marc Macarulay ◽  
Whitney Alderson ◽  
Portney C. Shibale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Affective Learning ◽  
Public Health Workforce ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Core ◽  
Health Related

Introduction. Movies can be used in public health pedagogy to illustrate concepts and build students’ connection to the material. This study describes the perspectives of undergraduates and faculty on effective strategies for using movies to achieve key public health learning outcomes. Method. In this cross-sectional study, a survey was administered to undergraduate majors in health studies ( n = 109) and faculty who teach health-related courses ( n = 27). The survey included measures of usage and attitudes toward pedagogical applications of movies, which were informed by Bloom’s Taxonomy and the Core Competencies for Public Health Professionals. Results. Students and faculty expressed favorable attitudes toward the use of movies in undergraduate public health education. Additionally, both groups endorsed the usefulness of movies for affective and cognitive learning outcomes, with appraisals of affective learning being significantly higher. Movies were most frequently applied to building the core public health competencies of analyzing public health issues, communicating effectively, relationship building, and cultural competency. Among students, 74% stated that watching health-related movies reinforced their current career trajectory, encouraged them to consider other careers, or changed their choice of career. Discussion. Preparation of the future public health workforce requires students to develop both cognitive skills and an emotional connection to efforts that address health-related challenges. The findings of this study indicate that movies support both types of learning outcomes and therefore deserve further investigation as pedagogical tool in population health instruction.

scholarly journals An exploratory study of the need for curriculum review of Master of Public Health Degree at a Rural-based University in South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takalani G. Tshitangano
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Master Of Public Health ◽  
Curriculum Review

Background: Master of Public Health (MPH) training programmes were developed worldwide in response to the crisis in human resources for health.Aim: To determine whether the MPH programme at the selected rural-based university in South Africa enabled students to achieve the MPH core competencies relevant for Lower Middle Income Countries.Setting: The study was carried out at a rural-based University in South Africa. The target population was the 2011 first-year cohort of MPH students who by the beginning of 2014 had just completed their coursework.Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive research design was adapted. Eighty-five students were randomly selected to participate in the study. A structured questionnaire comprising seven competency clusters was developed. The selected students completed a self-administered questionnaire. Only those students who signed consent forms participated in this study. The questionnaire was tested for construct validity and reliability using 10 students with similar characteristics to those sampled for the study. Microsoft Excel software was used to analyse the data descriptively in terms of frequency and percentages.Results: The students were confident of their competencies regarding public health science skills. Amongst these were analytical assessment, communication, community and intersectorial competencies as well as ethics. However, the students lacked confidence in contextsensitive issues, planning and management, research and development, and leadership competencies. Yet the latter is the backbone of public health practice.Conclusion and recommendation: There is a need for revamping public health curricula. In this respect, a follow-up study that builds a deeper understanding of the subject is needed.

Assessing health needs

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Andrew O’Shaughnessy ◽  
John Wright ◽  
Ben Cave
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Health Needs Assessment ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Health Agencies

HNA (health needs assessment) is a systematic method of identifying the unmet health and healthcare needs of a population and recommending changes to meet these unmet needs. It is used to improve health and other service planning, priority setting, and policy development. HNA is an example of public health working outside the formal health sector and presenting back to colleagues. Successful HNAs will also ensure that non-health agencies benefit from their findings. This chapter will describe why HNA is important and what it means in practice. Professional training and clinical experience teach that a health professional must systematically assess a patient before administering any treatment that is believed to be effective. This systematic approach is often omitted when assessing the health needs of populations

scholarly journals Work-pressure, job-satisfaction and turnover intentions among health managers in Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Šantrić Milićević ◽  
M Gačević ◽  
N Milić ◽  
J Filipović ◽  
J Todorovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Work Pressure ◽  
Female Nurse ◽  
High Work ◽  
Very High ◽  
Health Managers

Abstract Background Rationalization, freezing of salaries and additional taxation of salaries above a certain amount have marked the reform of the public health sector in Serbia in 2014/15. Health managers bear responsibility for success in reform activities, and improvement of subordinates’ job satisfaction and health care quality with constrained resources. This study explored factors associated with work-pressure, turnover intentions and job satisfaction among health managers in 323 public health institutions in Serbia. Methods Data of the 2015 job satisfaction survey of the Ministry of Health and the Serbian Public Health Institute were used to carry out a secondary analysis. Logistic regression was applied, including factors such as age, gender, occupation (doctors, nurses, other health workers, healthcare associates and non-medical managers), workplace, work-conditions’ satisfaction, general job satisfaction, and turnover intention in relation to work-pressure of 7818 health managers (response rate was 91.5%). Results Almost 39.5% of the health managers experienced high/very high work-pressure (p < 0.001), 51.2% were dissatisfied (p < 0.001), and 23.7% had turnover intention outside the health sector/country (p < 0.001). High/very high work-pressure positively correlated with health managers of secondary (Odds Ratio-OR =1.37, p < 0.001) and tertiary care institution (OR = 1.72, p < 0.001), female sex (OR = 1.19, p = 0.004), younger than 55 years of age (OR = 1.26, p < 0.001), and nurses (OR = 1.13, p = 0.024). Other factors showing positive correlations include job dissatisfaction in general (p < 0.001) and with all workplace conditions (p < 0.001), as well as turnover intentions (p < 0.001). Conclusions Work pressure of health managers seems to be perceived highest in the group of younger female nurse executives in hospital care. Their dissatisfaction with the job in general and with the working conditions, as well as turnover intentions positively correlate with the increase of work pressure. Key messages Improving working conditions and job satisfaction is key to reduce work pressure of health managers. Young female nurse managers perceive highest levels of work pressure, and need reinforcement at work.

scholarly journals Teachers and clinical students' perception of the core competencies of different subjects of the undergraduate BDS curriculum

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Md Rasel Ahmad ◽  
Iffat Ara ◽  
Md Humayun Kabir Talukder ◽  
Dipak Kumer Paul Chowdhury ◽  
Md Immam Hossin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
The Core ◽  
Competency Based

Background: Curriculum planning and designing is not a static process, rather a continuous process done regularly through a system. More than one decade have elapsed since the Centre for Medical Education (CME), in 1988, developed a national Undergraduate Dental Curriculum which was supposed to be community-oriented and competency based. The curriculum was partially implemented with the advancement of dental health science and application of newer techniques in dental practices in developed and developing countries.Rationale: Competency is the ability to combine evidence based knowledge, personal attitudes, and clinical skills to undertake holistic dental care. Personal attributes may include creativity, ethics, aesthetics, and critical sense and personal attributes include a desire for patient wellbeing and to self-evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment. As life-long learning becomes a crucial attribute for all modern clinicians, the ability to self-assess performance and identify future learning goals is an essential skill that needs to be developed in a modern healthcare curriculum. Self-assessment, self-reflection and selfregulation can promote a deeper understanding in current knowledge. The essential professional clinical skills may include a) diagnosis and treatment planning b) Preventative measures c) patient treatment and rehabilitation. Other skills that may be essential include professionalism, administrative and promotional skills. It is important that universities and dental schools help students nurture these values from a very early stage.Objectives: The present study was undertaken to identify the teachers and clinical students' perception of the core competencies of different subjects of the undergraduate BDS curriculum.Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in seven public and private dental colleges of Bangladesh after getting written permission from the principal of the respective dental colleges. Voluntary participation of the students was ensured and the names of the students' as well as teachers were kept confidential. The teachers and students of final years from the different dental colleges were the study population; among them four hundred (400) students and one hundred twenty teachers (120) were taken as sample by convenient sampling. Data collection instrument was a semistructured questionnaire with 5-point Likert scale for final year students' and in depth interview was used for teachers.Results: The study revaled that 95% mentioned that introduction part of the curriculum competency in relation to the knowledge, skills and attitude of a dental graduate must be mentioned. Nearly 97 of the students mentioned that competency acquired by the newly passed dental graduate from the BDS course was satisfactory.Conclusion: Competency-based dental education is a continuous process in maintaining a degree of quality consistent with patient well-being and effective treatment management path, which the graduating dentist should achieve. The cultural and socioeconomic diversity among different communities might have an impact on the profile of the professional needed by the society.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.8(2) 2017: 24-28

scholarly journals Staying True to the Core of Public Health Science in Times of Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Areskoug Josefsson ◽  
Alexandra Krettek
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Science ◽  
The Core

scholarly journals Quality of life in municipal public health managers: a cross-sectional study from Brazil

MOJ Surgery ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana de Fatima Possobon ◽  
Nelo Augusto Poleto ◽  
Livia Fernandes Probst ◽  
Tatila de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Luciane Miranda Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Managers

scholarly journals Rapid assessment of expansion of nursing, paramedical and public health education and it?s implication on quality of education

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Md HK Talukder ◽  
R Nazneen ◽  
Md Z Hossain ◽  
N Akther ◽  
IJ Chowdury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Bangladesh is facing many challenges in health care that are similar to other developing countries. In Bangladesh standard of paramedical, nursing, pharmacy and public health education are expanding rapidly which needs to call for assessment and evaluation to be up to date in the respective fields. Study aims to assess the expansion of Nursing, Paramedical & Public health Education in Govt. & non Govt. sectors & its implication on quality of education. Methods: This was a descriptive type of cross sectional explorative study, conducted among the teachers and student of different institutes. Questionnaire was developed and a FGD was done. Then the data was analyzed. Results: At present situation, the numbers of non govt. organizations are more than govt. organizations (127 vs. 85). SWOT analyses showed the overall strength of the institutions were the scope for further improvements and the political commitments for expansion. Weaknesses lie in the lack of adequate infrastructure, suboptimal technical and laboratory facilities and teaching staffs. Opportunities were, increasing demand and provision of jobs at home and abroad. Possible threats were loss of quality services, recognition and registration of the institutes. Regarding the overall organization of the courses, 43% of the students voted as good and 100% of the teachers showed positive opinion. Regarding the teaching-learning procedure, 41% of the teachers strongly agreed about the perfect selection of the students. 48.3% teachers agreed about the adequacy of the number of teachers. 47.8% students also agreed with the competency of the teachers. Nearly one third teachers as well as students agreed about the good physical environment of the institute. About 35% and 36% of the teachers and the students respectively agreed about the transparency of the assessment systems. Conclusions: Present Bangladesh Govt. has implemented various initiatives regarding health sector reform. Proper funding, management, monitoring and evaluation can improve present situation and thus help in the development of better institutional output. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/joim.v34i3.8912   Journal of Institute of Medicine, December, 2012; 34:21-27

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