scholarly journals Ultrasound elastography applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Md Masudur Rahman ◽  
Mahzabeen Islam ◽  
Mahbuba Nargis ◽  
Samar Chandra Sarker ◽  
Mahmud Javed Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Published Evidence

Ultrasound elastography (EUS) is a method to assess the mechanical properties of tissue, by applying stress and detecting tissue displacement using ultrasound. There are several EUS techniques used in clinical practice; strain (compression) EUS is the most common technique that allows real-time visualisation of the elastographic map on the screen. There is increasing evidence that EUS can be used to measure the mechanical properties of musculoskeletal tissue in clinical practice, with the future potential for early diagnosis to both guide and monitor therapy. This review describes the various EUS techniques available for clinical use, presents the published evidence on musculoskeletal applications of EUS and discusses the technical issues, limitations and future perspectives of this method in the assessment of the musculoskeletal system. Ultrasound elastography (EUS) is a recently developed ultrasound-based method, which allows the qualitative visual or quantitative measurements of the mechanical properties of tissue 1. The technique was first introduced in vitro in the early 1990s, and subsequently evolved into a real-time tool for in vivo imaging of the distribution of tissue strain and elastic modulus 2. EUS provides information on tissue stiffness, which complements and is independent from the acoustic impedance and vascular flow information provided by B-mode and Doppler imaging, thus opening a new dimension in diagnostic imaging 3 . EUS is based upon the general principle that stress applied to tissue causes changes within it, which depend on the elastic properties of tissue 3. Over the years of research on elasticity, there have been several approaches of EUS, resulting in different methods, depending on the way of tissue stress application and the used method to detect and construct an image of tissue displacement 3. Strain (compression) EUS is the commonest technique that allows real-time visualisation of the image on the screen, and it has been successfully employed to detect and characterise lesions in a variety of tissues and organs 5 . Disease in the musculoskeletal system results in alterations to its biomechanical properties. Although EUS techniques have been extensively employed for in vitro research of muscle and tendon biomechanics since the early 1990s 6 , the recent introduction of EUS into commercially available ultrasound systems has driven research activity towards potential clinical applications of this novel method in the musculoskeletal system 7.  This review aims to describe the various EUS techniques available for clinical use, present the available published evidence on musculoskeletal applications of EUS, and finally discuss the limitations and future perspectives of this technique for assessing the musculoskeletal system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v2i1.14191 Community Based Medical Journal Vol.2(1) 2013 76-85

Extended Long-Term Culture of MSC-Laden Agarose Constructs Does Not Produce Functional Tissue Comparable to Primary Chondrocytes

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice H. Huang ◽  
Robert L. Mauck
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Chondrogenic Medium ◽  
Primary Chondrocytes ◽  
The Poor

Articular cartilage lines the surfaces of joints and transmits the forces arising from locomotion. The poor ability of cartilage to self-repair has motivated efforts to engineer replacements that recapitulate this load-bearing function. While chondrocyte-laden constructs have been generated with near-native mechanical properties, limitations in chondrocyte availability may preclude their clinical use. Therefore, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can undergo chondrogenesis in 3D culture, have emerged as a promising alternative [1]. However, although MSCs deposit a cartilaginous matrix, mechanical and biochemical properties are lower than those achieved with chondrocytes [1, 2]. Using microarray analysis, we recently showed that limitations in functional MSC chondrogenesis may stem from incomplete or incorrect molecular induction; molecular differences were observed between donor-matched differentiated chondrocytes and newly differentiated MSCs over 8 weeks of culture [2]. While some genes remained consistently low in MSCs compared to chondrocytes, others gradually increased with time, approaching chondrocyte levels by 8 weeks. As these molecules may underlie the functional disparity between chondrocytes and MSCs, we hypothesized that longer culture durations may improve MSC-seeded construct properties and chondrogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we characterized the evolution of functional properties of MSC- and chondrocyte-seeded constructs over 4 months of in vitro culture in pro-chondrogenic medium.

scholarly journals Novel Uses of Ultrasound to Assess Kidney Mechanical Properties

Kidney360 ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.34067/KID.0002942021
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Urban ◽  
Andrew D. Rule ◽  
Thomas D. Atwell ◽  
Shigao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Imaging Tool ◽  
Monitoring Treatment

Ultrasound is a key imaging tool for the evaluation of the kidney. Over the last two decades, methods to measure the mechanical properties of soft tissues have been developed and used in clinical practice, though the use in the kidney has not been as widespread as for other applications. The mechanical properties of the kidney are determined by the structure and composition of the renal parenchyma as well as the perfusion characteristics. As pathological processes change these factors, the mechanical properties change and can be used for diagnostic purposes as well as monitoring treatment or disease progression. Ultrasound-based elastography methods for evaluating the mechanical properties of the kidney use focused ultrasound beams to perturb the kidney and then high frame rate ultrasound methods are used to measure the resulting motion. The motion is analyzed to estimate the mechanical properties. This review will describe the principles of these methods and discuss several seminal studies related to characterizing the kidney. Additionally, an overview of the clinical use of elastography methods in native and kidney allografts will be provided. Perspectives on future developments and uses of elastography technology along with other complementary ultrasound imaging modalities will be provided.

Mechanical Properties of Newly Developed Root Canal Sealers Containing Titanium Oxide

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 845-848
Author(s):  
Ayami Nakamura ◽  
Harumasa Wanibe ◽  
Akihiro Iwama ◽  
Naritaka Kitamura ◽  
Naoki Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Root Canal Sealer ◽  
New Material ◽  
Root Canal Sealers

Titanium oxide (TiO2) has lately attracted considerable attention as a new material in dentistry because of its catalytic activity and biocompatibility. In the present study, we developed a novel root canal sealer consisting of TiO2 and evaluated its mechanical properties in vitro. The newly developed root canal sealer containing TiO2 has satisfied the requirement of ISO formulation 6876. Our results suggest that the newly developed root canal sealer has excellent physical characteristics, which may make it suitable for clinical use as a root canal sealer material.

The EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations for the Clinical Practice of Elastography in Non-Hepatic Applications: Update 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 425-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Săftoiu ◽  
Odd Helge Gilja ◽  
Paul S. Sidhu ◽  
Christoph F. Dietrich ◽  
Vito Cantisani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
European Federation ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Guidelines And Recommendations

AbstractThis manuscript describes the use of ultrasound elastography, with the exception of liver applications, and represents an update of the 2013 EFSUMB (European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology) Guidelines and Recommendations on the clinical use of elastography.

scholarly journals Mechanical Considerations of Electrospun Scaffolds for Myocardial Tissue and Regenerative Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Nguyen-Truong ◽  
Yan Vivian Li ◽  
Zhijie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Therapeutic Development

Biomaterials to facilitate the restoration of cardiac tissue is of emerging importance. While there are many aspects to consider in the design of biomaterials, mechanical properties can be of particular importance in this dynamically remodeling tissue. This review focuses on one specific processing method, electrospinning, that is employed to generate materials with a fibrous microstructure that can be combined with material properties to achieve the desired mechanical behavior. Current methods used to fabricate mechanically relevant micro-/nanofibrous scaffolds, in vivo studies using these scaffolds as therapeutics, and common techniques to characterize the mechanical properties of the scaffolds are covered. We also discuss the discrepancies in the reported elastic modulus for physiological and pathological myocardium in the literature, as well as the emerging area of in vitro mechanobiology studies to investigate the mechanical regulation in cardiac tissue engineering. Lastly, future perspectives and recommendations are offered in order to enhance the understanding of cardiac mechanobiology and foster therapeutic development in myocardial regenerative medicine.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document