scholarly journals Thrombocytopenia in Malaria- a retrospective study

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Susane Giti ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
Ahmed Fayezi Bin Saad ◽  
Mohammed Nuruzzaman Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts

Introduction: Malaria is usually associated with low blood cell counts and mild to moderate thrombocytopenia is a common association. The cause of thrombocytopenia is poorly understood, but the immune-mediated lysis, sequestration in the spleen and diminished platelet production by the bone marrow have all been postulated. Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the degree of thrombocytopenia in patients suffering from malaria. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), over a period of one-year from January 2012 to December 2012. A total 81 cases of malaria parasite positive on peripheral blood film were studied by full blood counts (FBC) with automated haematology analyzer Sysmex 1800i. Thick and thin smears were stained with Giemsa and Leishman stains and examined by haematologist. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 10.0. Results: Out of 81 patients, all were male. Mean age was 24.3 years (Mean+2SD:24.3±10.7) with a range of 23-42 years. Plasmodium falciparum was detected in 61(75.3%) cases, P. vivax in 16 (19.8%) and mixed infection in 04 (4.9%) cases. Haemoglobin values in patients of malaria with thrombocytopenia and without thrombocytopenia were 10.8±3.2 g/dl and 12.2±2.6 g/dl respectively. White blood cell counts in patients with and without thrombocytopenia were 6.2±4.3X109/L and 9.3±5.2X109/L respectively. 25 JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 10, No 1 (June) 2014 Out of 81 patients, 23 (28.4%) had normal platelet counts, and 58 (71.6%) had thrombocytopenia. Platelet counts in patients with malaria with and without thrombocytopenia were 48.1±25.3X109/L and 199±45.4X109 respectively. The mild, moderate and severe thrombocytopenia were found in 44 (75.9%), 09 (15.5%) and 05 (8.6%) cases respectively. Platelet counts of <20X109/L were noted in only 8.6% cases of falciparum malaria and none in vivax malaria. Conclusion: The study found high frequency of mild to moderate thrombocytopenia in the Plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax malaria. Although thrombocytopenia is uncommon in malaria, its presence is not a distinguishing feature between the two types. Finding of thrombocytopenia in a patient with fever is of diagnostic help as it raises the suspicion of malaria. Thrombocytopenia of <20X109/L can occur in P. vivax malaria although it is statistically more common with P. falciparum malaria. The above findings can have therapeutic implications in context of avoiding unnecessary platelet infusions with the relatively benign course in P. vivax malaria. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v10i1.22899 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.10(1) 2014

Dynamic changes in white blood cell counts in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax malaria

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noppadon Tangpukdee ◽  
Haur-Sen Yew ◽  
Srivicha Krudsood ◽  
Nataya Punyapradit ◽  
Waraporn Somwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

scholarly journals THROMBOCYTOPENIA

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
ATIF SITWAT HAYAT ◽  
MOHAMMAD SAEED SIDDIQUI ◽  
NAILA SHAIKH ◽  
Muqeet Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Falciparum Infection ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cell Counts

Background: Malaria is usually associated with reduction in blood cell counts and mild to moderate thrombocytopenia is a common feature of falciparum infection. This study has been conducted to find out frequency and degree of thrombocytopenia in patients suffering from falciparum malaria at a tertiary care hospital of Abbottabad. Methods: It was a descriptive case-control study being carried out at Ayub teaching hospital and Northern institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS) Abbottabad over a period of ten months. All patients with acute febrile illness without localizing signs were considered for study. A total 250 patients having falciparum malaria diagnosed by peripheral blood film examination have been studied. Complete blood counts were performed by Automated Beckman Coulter Analyzer. Blood films were examined by clinical pathologist for plasmodium falciparum via light microscopy using oil-immersion lens. Results: Out of 250 patients, 155(62%) were females and 95(38%) males with M:F ratio of 1:1.5. Mean age was 36±1.2 years (range 17-58 years). Out of 250, 175(70%) had thrombocytopenia (p<0.05) while 75(30%) had normal platelet counts. Thus mild, moderate and severe thrombocytopenia had been observed in 121(48.4%), 41(16.4%) and 13(5.2%) respectively (p<0.05). Fever appeared to be most common symptom observed in all patients (100%) followed by vomiting and nausea (88%). Anemia was the commonest sign present (80%) during our study. Conclusions: We discovered high frequency of mild thrombocytopenia in falciparum malaria. Therefore, thrombocytopenia can be supportive in diagnosis of plasmodium falciparum infection.

scholarly journals Uncomplicated falciparum malaria among schoolchildren in Bajil district of Hodeidah governorate, west of Yemen: association with anaemia and underweight

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Talal S. Alwajeeh ◽  
Rashad Abdul-Ghani ◽  
Amal F. Allam ◽  
Hoda F. Farag ◽  
Safia S. M. Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Significant Independent Predictor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Mild Anaemia ◽  
Haematological Indices

Abstract Background Malaria, malnutrition and anaemia are major public health problems in Yemen, with Hodeidah being the most malaria-afflicted governorate. To address the lack of relevant studies, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and its relation to nutritional status and haematological indices among schoolchildren in Bajil district of Hodeidah governorate, west of Yemen. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 schoolchildren selected randomly from four schools in Bajil district. Data about demographic characteristics, risk factors and anthropometric measurements of age, height and weight were collected. Duplicate thick and thin blood films were prepared, stained with Giemsa and examined microscopically for malaria parasites. The density of P. falciparum asexual stages was estimated on thick films. EDTA-blood samples were examined for the haematological indices of haemoglobin (Hb) and blood cell counts. Results Plasmodium falciparum was prevalent among 8.0% (32/400) of schoolchildren with a mean parasite density of 244.3 ± 299.3/µL of blood and most infections showing low-level parasitaemia, whereas Plasmodium vivax was detected in one child (0.25%). Residing near water collections was a significant independent predictor of falciparum malaria [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.6, 95.0% CI 1.20–5.72; p = 0.016] in schoolchildren. Mild anaemia was prevalent among more than half of P. falciparum-infected schoolchildren and significantly associated with falciparum malaria (AOR = 5.8, 95.0% CI 2.39–14.17; p < 0.001), with a mean Hb concentration of 10.7 ± 1.0 g/dL. Although the mean values of the total white blood cells, monocytes and platelets were significantly lower in infected than non-infected schoolchildren, they were within normal ranges. More than half of the children were malnourished, with stunting (39.3%) and underweight (36.0%) being the most prevalent forms of malnutrition; 6.3% of children were wasted. Underweight (AOR = 5.3, 95.0% CI 2.09–13.62; p < 0.001) but not stunting or wasting, was a significant predictor of falciparum malaria among schoolchildren. Conclusion Asymptomatic falciparum malaria is prevalent among schoolchildren in Bajil district of Hodeidah Governorate, with predominance of low parasitaemic infections and significant association with mild anaemia and underweight. Residence near water collection is a significant predictor of infection with falciparum malaria among schoolchildren. Further studies among children with severe malaria and those with high parasite densities are recommended.

scholarly journals Obesity, White Blood Cell Counts, and Platelet Counts among Police Officers**

Obesity ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2846-2854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luenda E. Charles ◽  
Desta Fekedulegn ◽  
Terika McCall ◽  
Cecil M. Burchfiel ◽  
Michael E. Andrew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts

scholarly journals Leukocyte-derived ratios are associated with late-life any type dementia: a cross-sectional analysis of the Mugello study

GeroScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Lombardi ◽  
Roberto Paganelli ◽  
Michele Abate ◽  
Alex Ireland ◽  
Raffaele Molino-Lova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lymphocyte To Monocyte Ratio ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Immunosenescence, vascular aging, and brain aging, all characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory markers, are thought to share a common pathogenetic pathway: inflamm-aging. Retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the Mugello study (Tuscany, Italy), a representative Italian cohort of free-living nonagenarians. to assess the association between specific peripheral inflammation markers derived from white blood cell counts, and the diagnosis of dementia. All the variables of interest were reported for 411 subjects (110 males and 301 females) out of 475 enrolled in the study. Anamnestic dementia diagnosis was obtained from clinical certificate and confirmed by a General Practitioner, whereas leukocyte ratios were directly calculated from white blood cell counts. Body mass index and comorbidities were considered potential confounders. Diagnosis of any type dementia was certified in 73 cases (17.8%). Subjects affected by dementia were older, more frequently reported a previous stroke, had lower body mass index, and lower Mini-Mental-State-Examination score. Moreover, they had a higher lymphocyte count and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio compared to the non-demented nonagenarians. We found that higher levels of lymphocyte counts are cross-sectionally associated with a clinical diagnosis of dementia. Furthermore, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is directly associated with any type of dementia, independently of age, sex, lymphocyte count, and comorbidities. Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio may be considered a marker of immunological changes in the brain of dementia patients; moreover, it is low-cost, and easily available, thus enabling comparisons among different studies and populations, although the timeline and the extent of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio role in dementia development must be further investigated.

GMA161 Treatment of Refractory ITP: Efficacy of Fcγ-RIII Blockade.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1074-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Bussel ◽  
Vivek Patel ◽  
Cynthia Dunbar ◽  
Stephen Lemery ◽  
Krista Tibbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Repeated Dosing ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Moderate Nausea ◽  
Refractory Itp

Abstract Background: GMA161 is a humanized version of a monoclonal anti-Fcγ-RIII antibody, 3G8, that was in clinical trial in the second half of the 1980s. Infusion of 25 mg of 3G8 (0.25–0.5mg/kg) resulted in transient but dramatic responses in approximately 50% of refractory ITP patients who did not respond to IVIG. It was unclear why certain patients did not respond. Since 3G8 is a mouse monoclonal antibody, it could not be reinfused because of the development of HAMA. Furthermore, there was marked neutropenia and depletion of NK cells (the CD16-expressing leukocytes) and there were significant fever-chill-vomiting reactions that were triggered by the antibody-Fcγ-RIII interaction. Preventing the reactions required a cocktail of methylprednisolone, diphenhydramine, acetaminophen and metaclopramide. GMA161, in addition to being humanized, has the Fc portion denuded of carbohydrates to reduce the binding of its Fc portion to Fc receptors. Methods: The first cohort of 4 patients with chronic ITP (table) and platelet counts &lt; 30,000/ul each received a single infusion of 0.1 mg/kg of GMA161 over 30 minutes. Results: Two of the 4 patients responded with peak platelet counts of 108,000/ul (from 27,000/ul) and 45,000/ul (from 11,000/ul) [figure 1]. Both had had ITP for &gt; 20 years, failed splenectomy and also failed multiple previous therapies including rituximab, cyclophosphamide, steroids, danazol, and IVIg among others. The responses to GMA161 were short-lived, lasting between 7 and 10 days and, as shown in figure 1, the platelet counts peaked at slightly different times. Figure 2 illustrates the dramatic decrease in the WBC count occurring immediately after infusion but then rapidly returning to baseline; this decrease was apparent in all types of white cells, not just neutrophils. The first patient had marked chills, fever, and vomiting 2 hours after infusion; this was reminscent of reactions to 3G8. She received IV methylprednisolone with resolution. The second patient had mild-moderate nausea. The third and fourth patients received acetaminophen, diphenhydramine and ondansetron premedication and had no adverse events. Conclusions: The findings are exciting because this cohort received the starting (lowest) dose of GMA161, 0.1mg/kg, and yet had reasonable activity. The toxicity was minimal with appropriate premedication. In the next cohort, better responses may be anticipated since they will be receiving 0.3 mg/kg. The hope would be that repeated dosing might have a more lasting effect, in at least a subset of patients. GMA161: Cohort #1 Patient ID Age (yrs) Sex Splenectomy Duration of Disease (ITP) Months Major Bleeding Major Diagnoses Previous Treatments #1 29 Female Yes 90 No Anemia 7 #2 32 Female Yes No #3 70 Male Yes 300 No Diabetes 4 #4 59 Female Yes 120 Yes (ICH) Stroke/Asthma 6 Figure 1: Platelet counts of Responders to GMA 161 treatment Figure 1:. Platelet counts of Responders to GMA 161 treatment Figure 2: Mean White Blood Cell Counts of patients treated with GMA 161 Figure 2:. Mean White Blood Cell Counts of patients treated with GMA 161

scholarly journals Hematological parameters and prevalence of anemia in white and British Indian vegetarians and nonvegetarians in the UK Biobank

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammy Y N Tong ◽  
Timothy J Key ◽  
Kezia Gaitskell ◽  
Timothy J Green ◽  
Wenji Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
The Uk

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere may be differences in hematological parameters between meat-eaters and vegetarians.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to perform cross-sectional analyses of hematological parameters by diet group in a large cohort in the United Kingdom.MethodsA complete blood count was carried out in all UK Biobank participants at recruitment (2006–2010). We examined hemoglobin, red and white blood cell counts, and platelet counts and volume in regular meat eaters (>3 times/wk of red/processed meat consumption, n = 212,831), low meat eaters (n = 213,092), poultry eaters (n = 4815), fish eaters (n = 10,042), vegetarians (n = 6548), and vegans (n = 398) of white ethnicity and meat eaters (n = 3875) and vegetarians (n = 1362) of British Indian ethnicity.ResultsIn both white and British Indian populations, compared with regular meat eaters (or meat eaters in Indians), the other diet groups had up to 3.7% lower age-adjusted hemoglobin concentrations (difference not significant in white vegan women) and were generally more likely to have anemia (e.g., 8.7% of regular meat eaters compared with 12.8% of vegetarians in white premenopausal women; P < 0.05 after Bonferroni correction). In the white population, compared with regular meat eaters, all other diet groups had lower age- and sex-adjusted total white cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils (P-heterogeneity < 0.001 for all), but basophil counts were similar across diet groups; in British Indians, there was no significant difference in any of the white blood cell counts by diet group. Compared with white regular meat eaters, the low meat eaters, poultry eaters, fish eaters, and vegans had significantly lower platelet counts and higher platelet volume, whereas vegetarians had higher counts and lower volume. Compared with British Indian meat eaters, vegetarians had higher platelet count and lower volume.ConclusionsIn the UK Biobank, people with low or no red meat intake generally had lower hemoglobin concentrations and were slightly more likely to be anemic. The lower white blood cell counts observed in low and non-meat eaters, and differences in mean platelet counts and volume between diet groups, warrant further investigation. This observational study was registered at http://www.isrctn.com/ as ISRCTN10125697.

Transfer of homologous thoracic duct lymphocytes to irradiated rats

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (5) ◽  
pp. 824-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. O. Anderson ◽  
D. M. Whitelaw
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Total Body

Lymphocytes from the thoracic duct of rats were injected intraperitoneally into homologous rats previously exposed to 900 rads of total body radiation. Repeated white blood cell counts, platelet counts and polychromatophilia and reticulocyte counts provided no evidence that the transplanted cells were able to repopulate the bone marrow.

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