scholarly journals Micronutrient and fungicides management practices to control the Alternaria blight of mustard

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Haider ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
FM Aminuzzaman ◽  
H Mehraj ◽  
AFM Jamal Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Alternaria Blight ◽  
Diseased Leaf Area ◽  
Leaf Infection ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Better Than

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different micronutrients and fungicides against Alternaria brassicae and Alternaria blight on growth and yield contributing attributes of mustard. Among the treatments, T6 showed the highest performance against Alternaria blight in terms of disease incidence. The lowest leaf infection (9.9%), leaf area diseases (2.5%), pod infection (9.3%) and number of spots per pod (0.6) were recorded in T6. Highest leaf infection (56.1%), diseased leaf area (18.31%), pod infection (42.7%) and number of spots per pod (1.9) were recorded in control. The highest yield (1086.0 kg/ha), germination percentage (99.1) and the lowest seed infection (6.5%) of harvested seeds were obtained from the T6, whereas lowest from T1. The performances of micronutrients were better than control but the performances of micronutrients did not differ significantly when it was used in combination with fungicides. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v38i1.20212 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 38, No. 1, 61-69, 2014

Integrating remote sensing and climate data with process-based models to map forest productivity within west-central Alberta's boreal forest: Ecoleap-West

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Hall ◽  
F. Raulier ◽  
D T Price ◽  
E. Arsenault ◽  
P Y Bernier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Forest Productivity ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Study Region

Forest yield forecasting typically employs statistically derived growth and yield (G&Y) functions that will yield biased growth estimates if changes in climate seriously influence future site conditions. Significant climate warming anticipated for the Prairie Provinces may result in increased moisture deficits, reductions in average site productivity and changes to natural species composition. Process-based stand growth models that respond realistically to simulated changes in climate can be used to assess the potential impacts of climate change on forest productivity, and hence can provide information for adapting forest management practices. We present an application of such a model, StandLEAP, to estimate stand-level net primary productivity (NPP) within a 2700 km2 study region in western Alberta. StandLEAP requires satellite remote-sensing derived estimates of canopy light absorption or leaf area index, in addition to spatial data on climate, topography and soil physical characteristics. The model was applied to some 80 000 stand-level inventory polygons across the study region. The resulting estimates of NPP correlate well with timber productivity values based on stand-level site index (height in metres at 50 years). This agreement demonstrates the potential to make site-based G&Y estimates using process models and to further investigate possible effects of climate change on future timber supply. Key words: forest productivity, NPP, climate change, process-based model, StandLEAP, leaf area index, above-ground biomass

scholarly journals Effects of gamma rays on germination and growth in Jatropha curcas L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 964-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dileswar Nayak ◽  
N. S. Patil ◽  
L. K. Behera ◽  
D. B. Jadeja
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter

The present investigation was carried out at the Forestry Research Farm, Navsari Agricultural University; Navsari to evaluate the gamma rays at 10 kR, 20 kR and 30 kR induced variability in Jatropha curcas L. on germination, growth and yield for seven Jatropha genotypes (Phule J-1, Urlikanchan, Hansraj, SKN Big, Chhatrapati, Hansot and MPJ-55). The significantly maximum germination percentage (66.96%), seedling survival (74.18%), seedling collar diameter (0.958cm), shoot length (49.442cm), number of leaves per seedling (7.757) and leaf area (37. 58)was observed in Chhatrapati genotype during nursery stage. While low rate of gamma rays treatment (10 kR) had stimulatory effect for germination percentage, seedling survival, seedling collar diameter, shoot length, number of leaves per seedling and leaf area. However, higher gamma rays doses (30 kR) drastically reduced all studied characters. The interaction effect of genotype and gamma rays were significant for number of leaves per seedling. Further, it was not significant in other traits like germination percentage, seedling survival, seedling collar diameter, shoot length and leaf area.

The effect of leaf removal and canopy height on whole-vine gas exchange and fruit development of Vitis vinifera L. Sauvignon Blanc

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Petrie ◽  
Michael C. T. Trought ◽  
G. Stanley Howell ◽  
Graeme D. Buchan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Canopy Height ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
The Impact

Canopy topping and leaf removal are management practices commonly used in New Zealand vineyards to increase light and pesticide penetration to the fruit zone, thus, reducing disease incidence. Previous research has suggested that an increase in photosynthesis occurs when leaves are removed, and this may compensate for the reduced leaf area. However, it is difficult to extrapolate single-leaf photosynthesis measurements to a whole-plant scale. Therefore the extent of the compensation is unknown. To evaluate the impact of leaf removal and canopy height on whole-vine photosynthesis, treatments were imposed during the lag phase of berry growth. Leaves were removed from the lower quarter of the canopy, or vines were topped to three quarters of the height of control plants, in a two-by-two-factorial design. Both topping and leaf removal caused a decrease in whole-vine photosynthesis immediately after the treatments were imposed. Leaf removal, but not topping height, reduced photosynthesis on a per unit leaf area basis. This suggests that the lower portion of the canopy contributes more than the upper portion of the canopy to whole-vine photosynthesis. When measurements were made again approximately two months later, tall vines without leaf removal had a higher photosynthesis rate than the other treatments. Fruit yield, sugar content, vine carbohydrate reserves and pruning weights followed trends similar to those observed for photosynthesis, suggesting that although some photosynthetic compensation occurred, the defoliation treatments had a negative effect on vine growth.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Amistar in Controlling Alternaria Blight and Yield of Mustard Variety Rai-5

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
I Hossain ◽  
MA Akter ◽  
MB Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Alternaria Brassicicola ◽  
Alternaria Brassicae ◽  
Alternaria Blight ◽  
Leaf Infection

The effect of Amistar in controlling Alternaria blight of mustard was investigated and the selected mustard variety Rai- 5 was used. Amistar @ 0.05% (1 spray), 0.05% (2 spray), 0.05% (3 spray), 0.1% (1 spray), 0.1% (2 spray) and 0.1% (3 spray) were sprayed at 14 days interval beginning from 40 days after sowing (DAS). Amistar resulted significant reduction of the disease Alternaria blight (Alternaria brassicae and Alternaria brassicicola) severity and increased seed yield. Out of the doses of Amistar used, 0.1% (3 spray) showed marked effect in reducing the disease over control in terms of reduction of % Alternaria blight incidence, % leaf infection and % leaf area diseased up to 90.72%, 90.42% and 98.17%, respectively as well as reduction of % siliqua infection and % area of siliqua diseased up to 96.17% and 98.80%, respectively and thus increased seed yield up to 56.47% over control. J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 11(1-2): 191-197 2018

scholarly journals Assessment of Salinity Effect on Germination, Growth and Yield of Solanum lycopersicum (L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-346
Author(s):  
Joshua D. BUAH ◽  
Kehinde S. OLORUNMAIYE ◽  
Yila G. LAKWANNUM ◽  
Elizabeth K. ALE
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Morphological Effect ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Nacl Concentration

This study was aimed at unraveling the morphological effect of salinity on germination, growth and yield of S. lycopersicum, through inducement of salinity (0, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g NaCl). All the parameters considered: germination percentage, leaves number, stem girth, plant height and fruit quality, were significantly affected by NaCl treatments (salinity) compared with the control (no salinity). 100% germination was recorded only in control and 4 g NaCl concentration, though the percentage of germination was faster in control than within the 4 g NaCl. ‘Tomato UC-83-B’ plants’ growth till maturity, shed leaves, chlorosis and leaf burns around edges occurred due to osmotic imbalance and water deficit caused by salinity, which invariably had effect on leaf area, although the reduction in leaf area varied among tested NaCl concentrations. Fruits yield and quality of ‘Tomato UC-83-B’ treated with NaCl was poor and relative to the degree of saline inducements, with 10 g NaCl treatment producing the least fruits. Chlorophyll contents were also significantly reduced by increasing saline concentrations. Ca and K were the predominant elements found in the digested fruit samples observed under Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) at different NaCl concentrations, while Mg, Na and P were significantly less. Salinity is a major abiotic factor that hampered the overall performance of tomato crop in salient ways and must therefore be curbed in order to meet its increasing global demand.

scholarly journals Effect of Sowing Dates and Varieties on the Severity of Alternaria Blight of Mustard

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-594
Author(s):  
F Khatun ◽  
M S Alam ◽  
M A Hossain ◽  
P K Malaker ◽  
MH Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Diseased Leaf ◽  
Alternaria Blight ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Leaf Infection ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Mustard Seeds

A study was carried out to find out the effect of sowing dates and varieties on the severity of Alternaria blight of mustard. Seeds of eight mustard varieties were sown on four different dates. Data on severity of the disease and seed yield were recorded. Disease severity differed significantly among the varieties. B. campestris varieties showed the higher disease severity compared to B. napus and B. juncea. The lowest disease severity was recorded in BARI Sarisha 11 which produced the highest seed yield. Percentages of leaf area diseased, leaf    infection, siliqua infection, and spots per siliqua were found lowest under 21 October sowing, which were statistically lower than other sowing dates. The highest seed yield (1727 kg/ha) was recorded under 01 November sowing followed by 21 October sowing. Combination of sowing dates and varieties had a significant influence on disease severity and seed yield. Early sown (21 October and 1 November) BARI Sarisha 11 showed less disease severity and    gave higher seed yield than other treatment combinations   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11746   Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 583-594, December 2011  

INFLUENCE OF GREENHOUSE SHADING AND DIFFERENT NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ALLEVIATING HEAT STRESS, IMPROVING PLANT NUTRIENTS STATUS, FLOWERING GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1014
Author(s):  
Sulaiman & Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nutrition Programs ◽  
The Impact

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons to evaluate the impact of the shading and various nutrition programs on mitigating heat stress, reducing the use of chemical minerals, improving the reproductive growth and yield of tomato plant. Split-plot within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in this study. Shading factor was allocated in the main plots and the nutrition programs distributed randomly in the subplots. Results indicate that shading resulted in the decrease of daytime temperature by 5.7˚C as an average for both seasons; thus a significant increasing was found in leaf contents of macro nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium), and micro nutrients (Iron, Zinc and Boron), except the Iron content in 2018 growing season. Furthermore, shading improved significantly the reproductive growth and tomato yield. Among the plant nutrition programs, the integrated nutrient management (INM) including the application of organic substances, bio inoculum of AMF and 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers; lead to the enhancement of nutrients content, reproductive characteristics and plant yield. Generally, combination of both shading and INM showed positive effects on plants nutrient status and persisting balance on tomato flowering growth and fruits yield.

scholarly journals UAV Based Estimation of Forest Leaf Area Index (LAI) through Oblique Photogrammetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Lingchen Lin ◽  
Kunyong Yu ◽  
Xiong Yao ◽  
Yangbo Deng ◽  
Zhenbang Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
3D Point Cloud ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Better Than

As a key canopy structure parameter, the estimation method of the Leaf Area Index (LAI) has always attracted attention. To explore a potential method to estimate forest LAI from 3D point cloud at low cost, we took photos from different angles of the drone and set five schemes (O (0°), T15 (15°), T30 (30°), OT15 (0° and 15°) and OT30 (0° and 30°)), which were used to reconstruct 3D point cloud of forest canopy based on photogrammetry. Subsequently, the LAI values and the leaf area distribution in the vertical direction derived from five schemes were calculated based on the voxelized model. Our results show that the serious lack of leaf area in the middle and lower layers determines that the LAI estimate of O is inaccurate. For oblique photogrammetry, schemes with 30° photos always provided better LAI estimates than schemes with 15° photos (T30 better than T15, OT30 better than OT15), mainly reflected in the lower part of the canopy, which is particularly obvious in low-LAI areas. The overall structure of the single-tilt angle scheme (T15, T30) was relatively complete, but the rough point cloud details could not reflect the actual situation of LAI well. Multi-angle schemes (OT15, OT30) provided excellent leaf area estimation (OT15: R2 = 0.8225, RMSE = 0.3334 m2/m2; OT30: R2 = 0.9119, RMSE = 0.1790 m2/m2). OT30 provided the best LAI estimation accuracy at a sub-voxel size of 0.09 m and the best checkpoint accuracy (OT30: RMSE [H] = 0.2917 m, RMSE [V] = 0.1797 m). The results highlight that coupling oblique photography and nadiral photography can be an effective solution to estimate forest LAI.

scholarly journals PHOSPHATE AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION FOR RADISH GROWN IN A LATOSOL WITH A HIGH CONTENT OF THESE NUTRIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTHUR BERNARDES CECÍLIO FILHO ◽  
ALEXSON FILGUEIRAS DUTRA ◽  
GILSON SILVERIO DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Leaf ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Chemical Fertilization ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT The intensive cultivation of vegetables with frequent chemical fertilization may cause accumulation of nutrients in the soil. This, in turn, may reduce crop yields and damage the environment due to contamination of ground water and rivers. Thus, to increase the effects of P (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha -1 of P2O5) and K (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1 of K2O) doses on the growth and productivity of radish cultivars (Sakata 19 and Sakata 25) in a soil with high levels of these nutrients, two experiments were conducted in randomized blocks with the factors cultivars and doses arranged in a 2 x 5 factorial design with three replications. Number of leaves per plant, leaf area, shoot and root dry mass, total and commercial productivity, percentage of cracked roots and P and K contents in the plant and in the soil were evaluated. The Sakata 19 cultivar performed better than the Sakata 25 in both experiments. The fertilization with P or K did not influence the growth and the productivity of both radish cultivars. Therefore, both cultivars of radish evaluated do not need to be fertilized with P and K when planted in a Latosol with high levels of these nutrients.

Effects of Plant Density and Thinning on High-Yielding Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Mexíco

1977 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aguilar M. Immer ◽  
R. A. Fischer ◽  
Joshue Kohashi S.
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Leaf Area Duration ◽  
Pod Number

SUMMARYThe influence of leaf area and inter-plant competition on the growth and yield of a crop of high-yielding dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in central Mexico was studied, using density and thinning treatments. The highest seed yield (4210 kg/ha at 14% moisture) was obtained with the highest density (28·8 plants/m2). Thinning showed that pods/plant was sensitive to inter-plant competition between 36 and 78 days after seeding (first flower at 50 days), but seeds/pod, and especially seed weight, were not sensitive. It is suggested that the close positive relation between yield and leaf area duration derives from the influence of photosynthate supply upon pod number.

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