scholarly journals An economic study of small scale cattle fattening enterprise of Rajbari district

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Sarma ◽  
JU Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Operational Efficiency ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Rural Study ◽  
Economics Analysis

The small scale cattle fattening enterprise is represents an important component of the agribusiness sector of the economy with great economic, income, poverty reduction and social implications. A large number of farmers involved in cattle fattening just before 3 or 4 months of Eid-ul-Azha (Muslim festival), when they sell the animals with profitable prices. Cattle fattening for beef production have become an important business of the small farmers in Bangladesh. This study examined the profitability as well as operational economics efficiency of cattle fattening enterprise of Rajbari District. Data used to achieve this objective was obtained from 120 nomadic farmers, which were randomly selected using a multi-stage sampling procedure. Data were generated using a survey schedule as well as direct observation (cost-route method). Descriptive statistics, economics analysis as well as operational efficiency index were used to analyze the data. Results showed that small scale cattle fattening enterprise were profitable and flexible. A net enterprise income of BDT 5559 per cattle was realized by an average enterprise in study area. It was also shown that operational efficiency was not generally high among the entrepreneur. Based on these results, the study advised less efficient entrepreneurs to adopt the practices of the efficient ones in order to make the enterprise more profitable. The study shows that small scale cattle fattening enterprise is profitable due to agribusiness context. Farmers used three years old cattle for beef fattening. Cattle fattening period is 4.5 months in rural study areas of Rajbari district in Bangladesh. Keywords: Economic efficiency; Cattle farming; Profitability DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v9i1.8756 JBAU 2011; 9(1): 141-146

scholarly journals Decomposition Analysis of Poverty among Rural Farming Household in Oyo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Adeleye Ifeoluwa A. ◽  
Obabire Ibikunle E. ◽  
Fasuan Yetunde O. ◽  
Babadiji Abike O.
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Farming Households

The incidence of poverty in Nigeria is worrisome, and it has constituted a national menace. The occurrence of poverty incidence had been found to be more pronounced among Rural farming households in the country. However, paucity of data exists in terms of decomposition of household poverty into relevant subgroups using their socio-economic characteristics. Therefore, this paper assessed the decomposition analysis of poverty among rural farming Households in Oyo State, Nigeria using the data collected through a well-structured interview schedule from 170 respondents who were selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure. Data collected were described using frequency counts and percentage while poverty Indices was analyzed using Foster-Greer Thorbecke model and Decomposition analysis. The findings revealed that higher proportion (73.5%) of the respondents were above 40 years, 65.3% were male, 78.2% were married and 27.6% had secondary education, while 62.4% had household size of between 5 and 9 persons. Majority (79.4%) had farm size of more than 1.5 hectares and 62.9% had no access to remittance. Poverty incidence (P0) was 40.59%, Poverty depth/gap (P1) was 16.11% and Poverty severity (P2) was 0.09%, among the respondents using income-poverty line measure. Decomposition analysis showed that Poverty was high among households that were headed by male, young with low literacy level, and large household size. The severity of poverty was higher among households headed by labour of other farms. Effective poverty reduction strategies should therefore focus on education, livelihood diversification and control of household size.

scholarly journals Effects of small scale irrigation on women farmers’ well-being status in Sikasso region of Mali

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-136
Author(s):  
Sarafat A. Tijani ◽  
Daouda M. Kone
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation

This study examined effects of small scale irrigation on women farmers’ wellbeing status in Sikasso Region of Mali. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 160 respondents(user and non-users) while data were collected using interview schedules and analysed using percentages, mean, standard deviation and t-test. Major constraints facing users are crop damage ( x̄ =2.68), unavailability of input ( x̄ =2.41) and inadequate credit facility ( x̄ =2.15). Sixty percent, 98.8%, 85.0%, 85.0% of users have higher level of material, economic, mental and social well-being, respectively compared to 25%, 0.0%, 68.8% and 35.0% of non-users with similar status. The overall wellbeing of 73.8% of users were better-off compared to 11.3% of non-users. A significant difference (t= 11.110) existed in the wellbeing status of users and non-users. Utilisation of small-scale irrigation systems had positive effects on the mental, social, economic and material wellbeing of the users. There is need to extend small scale irrigation to non-users. Keywords: Well-being, Small scale irrigation, farm size, non-users of irrigation, Mali

Poverty-Reducing Growth Strategy in Poor Countries

2005 ◽  
pp. 103-134
Author(s):  
Rodney Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Growth Strategy ◽  
Poverty Traps ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Land Redistribution ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
The North ◽  
Urban Rural

This paper synthesizes and develops research undertaken by participants in The North-South Institute project, "Macroeconomic policy choices for growth and poverty reduction" in low- income developing countries.1 The project analysed the features of poverty and growth in seven poor countries of varying circumstances and proposed macroeconomic and growth policies for poverty reduction for them. The research was guided by the question: "How does poverty inform growth strategy?" Our research provides evidence of the channels through which growth and distribution or poverty processes depend on each other and respond to policy together. We encapsulate the messages of these case studies in the following six propositions, discussed at length in the paper: i) macroeconomic stability reduces poverty; ii) land redistribution enhances growth; iii) income poverty traps constrain growth; iv) urban-rural growth disparities drive income inequality; v) regional poverty traps resist growth, and vi) ley growth policies can aggravate poverty gaps.  The propositions suggest growth policies that may be either of two types in terms of impact on growth and distribution. They have the potential to enhance both growth and distribution (win-win) or to enhance growth while aggravating income gaps or vice versa (win-lose).

Small-Scale Biomass Gasification for Green Ammonia Production in Portugal: A Techno-Economic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Sousa Cardoso ◽  
Valter Silva ◽  
José Antonio Mayoral Chavando ◽  
Daniela Eusébio ◽  
Matthew J. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ammonia Production ◽  
Economic Study

The Economics of the Soy Kit as an Appropriate Household Technology for Food Entrepreneurs

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-115
Author(s):  
Chungmann Kim ◽  
Peter Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Feed The Future ◽  
High Level

Background: The ability for women to operate as food entrepreneurs presents opportunities to leverage at-home production technologies that not only support family nutrition but also generate income. To these ends, the Feed the Future Malawi Agriculture Diversification Activity recently launched a development project involving a new technology, the Soy Kit. The Activity, a USAID (United States Agency for International Development) funded effort, sought to improve nutrition utilizing an underutilized local and highly nutritious feedstuff, soybean, through a woman’s entrepreneurship scheme. Objective: The USAID funded effort provides the overarching research question, whether the Soy Kit is a sustainable technology for delivering nutrition and income through a women’s entrepreneurship scheme. If true, then development practitioners will have a valuable tool, and the associated evidence, to address the important crosscutting themes, of nutrition, poverty, entrepreneurship, and women’s empowerment. To answer this research question, the research team first evaluates the underlying production economics of the kit to measure profitability, return on investment, and operational performance. Second, the team qualitatively and quantitatively assesses the kit’s overall appropriateness as a technology for the developing world. Methods: The team follows the schema of Bower and Brown and utilizes descriptive statistics, and financial techniques to conduct an assessment of the economics and technical appropriateness of the Soy Kit technology. Results: The results show a high level of appropriateness across a number of metrics. For example, the payback period from cash flow is under 6 months and the annual return on capital is 163% when entrepreneurs utilize a domestically sourced kit valued at US$80. Conclusion: The technology matches well with the rhythm of household economy, in particular women’s labor availability and resource base. Businesses earn significant returns on capital thus appear to be sustainable without donor subsidy. At the same time, available capital to finance kit entrepreneurs appears to be scarce. More research needs to take place to address the credit access question, in order to make small-scale kit entrepreneur truly self-reliant; the effects on poverty reduction at the household and village level; and nutrition improvement among the consumers.

Growth Analysis and the Determinants of Entrepreneurial Orientation in the Small-Scale Poultry Subsector in Delta State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-772
Author(s):  
Roli Juliet Egbe ◽  
Achoja Roland Onomu ◽  
Pius Chinwuba Ike ◽  
Isiorhovoja Rodney Akpoviri
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Stock Size ◽  
Lag Model ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Gross Margins ◽  
Poultry Farming

Entrepreneurial orientation is vital to growth and development, but lacking in many small-scale enterprises. This study investigated growth and entrepreneurial orientation in the small-scale poultry subsector of Delta State, Nigeria. It also ascertained the drivers of poultry entrepreneurial orientation in the study area. A multistage sampling procedure was used to collect primary data from 180 poultry farmers, through a questionnaire. A four-point Likert scale of five items was used to measure entrepreneurial orientation from innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including gross margins, an autoregressive lag model, and logistic regression. The majority (57.7%) of the farmers are female. The small-scale poultry entrepreneurs had an orientation that was above average. The autoregressive lag model result indicated an increase in stock size and gross margins of poultry enterprises. It was forecast that the growth trend would increase up to 2022. Furthermore, the ANOVA result was statistically significant at 0.002*** and 0.001*** for stock size and gross margins, respectively. Years of experience and training in poultry farming and noninvolvement of entrepreneurs in other occupations influence their entrepreneurial orientation. Poultriy entrepreneurs must be trained while they adopt poultry farming as their principal occupation.

scholarly journals Profitability of Small Scale Vegetable Production in Southern District, Botswana

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Sekgopa T. Kealeboga ◽  
Lagat K. Job ◽  
Tselaesele M. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Eradication Programme ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Production Program ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Multi Stage

Government determination to eradicate extreme poverty and food insecurity among Batswana through small scale vegetable production program appears not to transform their economic stance. Rural households that are part of Poverty Eradication Programme were investigated to determine if backyard gardens were profitable enough to improve incomes, reduce extreme poverty, and increase food security. The study aimed at analysing profitability and identifying factors that affect profitability of backyard gardening. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect data from 100 rural households who are part of the backyard garden scheme. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and regression analysis. Results indicated that backyard gardening was a viable activity though profitability was affected by amount of fertilizer applied, market availability and area planted. Beneficiaries indicated that the production and marketing constraints they faced included pests and diseases, lack of water, lack of market and poor prices. Program leaders must recognize the production and marketing constraints themselves as well as plan for the possibility that continual financial support for investment in the initial years of operation.

scholarly journals Integration of a Solar Parabolic Dish Collector with a Small-Scale Multi-Stage Flash Desalination Unit: Experimental Evaluation, Exergy and Economic Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11295
Author(s):  
Ali Babaeebazaz ◽  
Shiva Gorjian ◽  
Majid Amidpour
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Conical Cavity ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Circulation Circuit ◽  
Parabolic Dish ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
The Cost

In this study, a small-scale two-stage multi-stage flash (MSF) desalination unit equipped with a vacuum pump and a solar parabolic collector (PDC) with a conical cavity receiver were integrated. To eliminate the need for heat exchangers, a water circulation circuit was designed in a way that the saline feedwater could directly flow through the receiver of the PDC. The system’s performance was examined during six days in July 2020, from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., under two distinct scenarios of the MSF desalination operation under the vacuum (−10 kPa) and atmospheric pressure by considering three saline feedwater water flow rates of 0.7, 1 and 1.3 L/min. Furthermore, the performance of the solar PDC-MSF desalination plant was evaluated by conducting energy and exergy analyses. The results indicated that the intensity of solar radiation, which directly affects the top brine temperature (TBT), and the values of the saline feedwater flow rate have the most impact on productivity. The maximum productivity of 3.22 L per 5 h in a day was obtained when the temperature and saline feedwater flow rate were 94.25 °C (at the maximum solar radiation of 1015.3 W/m2) and 0.7 L/min, respectively, and the MSF was under vacuum pressure. Additionally, it was found that increasing the feedwater flow rate from 0.7 to 1.3 L/min reduces distillate production by 76.4% while applying the vacuum improves the productivity by about 34% at feedwater flow rate of 0.7 L/min. The exergy efficiency of the MSF unit was obtained as 0.07% with the highest share of exergy destruction in stages. The quality parameters of the produced distillate including pH, TDS, EC and DO were measured, ensuring they lie within the standard range for drinking water. Moreover, the cost of freshwater produced by the MSF plant varied from 37 US$/m3 to 1.5 US$/m3 when the treatment capacity increased to 8000 L/day.

scholarly journals Mass and Heat Transfer at Different Heat Exchange Surfaces and Their Suitability for Use in Thermal Desalination Plants

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schwarzer ◽  
H.J. Bart
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Water Side ◽  
Thermal Desalination ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Desalination Plants

A new concept for small scale multi-stage distillation (MSD) desalination plants is presented allowing an installation in remote rural areal due to low maintenance, operating and investment costs. It is based on extensive studies on heat and mass transfer using 6 different condensation / heat transfer surfaces or material combinations. Basically all 6 condensation surfaces except glass are of a sheet metal or an expanded metal (to the evaporation side) in combination to an acid- and heat-resistant foil (on the salt water side). The basic experiments were performed in a "lab scale" unit to determine their thermodynamic and structural characteristics and user-friendliness. After validation in a prototype novel oxidic condensation surfaces (AF) and material combinations are in actual use in the new MSD systems, following the requirements, including a good wetting and condensation behavior and a good heat transfer.

scholarly journals Effect of Microcredit on Poverty Reduction among Rural Farm Households in Northeast, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
S. U. Nwibo ◽  
T. O. Okonkwo ◽  
A. V. Eze ◽  
B. N. Mbam ◽  
N. E. Odoh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
North East ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Northeast Nigeria ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The paucity of empirical evidence to show the correlation between microcredit and poverty reduction in North-East, Nigeria led to the study on the effect of microcredit on poverty reduction among rural farm households. Multi-stage random and purposive sampling techniques were employed to select 200 farm households who constituted the sample size. Data were collected primarily using structured questionnaire and analysed with the aid of descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed informal microcredit as the major source of credit for farm households. The result further indicated that 46% of the loan applied for was disbursed, resulting to 47% rise in farm household’s income. Meanwhile, 62% of farm households surveyed were poor with poverty depth of 0.43 and poverty severity at 0.38. The regression analysis on the effect of microcredit on the income of the farm households revealed that the coefficient of income was positive and statistically significant at 1% probability. The effect of microcredit on the poverty profile of farm households revealed that microcredit exerts negative influence on poverty profile of farm households in the study area. The study recommends: the establishment of robust rural credit scheme in rural areas; and institution of policy framework that will enable poor rural households without appropriate collateral to access funds for farm and non-farm activities.

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