scholarly journals Fetal Abdominal Circumference Growth in Bangladeshi Population

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Q Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Polynomial Regression Models ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Objective: Fetal abdominal circumference is the single most important parameter for determining fetal growth. Determination of fetal growth abnormalities will be more accurate if we use tables prepared on our own population. A nomogram of fetal abdominal circumference in Bangladeshi population is therefore presented in this study. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on well dated, singleton pregnancies. A table and a graph were prepared after fitting Polynomial regression models. Results: Fetal charts were constructed from1223 subjects. 3rd, 10th, 50th, 90th and 97th percentiles, mean and standard deviations were derived. The models showed good fit to the data. There was a gradual increase of the abdominal circumference measurements up to 37th week. Standard deviations showed increased variability as the pregnancy advanced. In the early second trimester Bangladeshi, Indian, and western measurements were similar but as pregnancy advanced there was variation between different races especially from the western. Conclusion: These findings suggest that this chart is unique for Bangladeshi population and can be useful for accurate assessment of fetal growth, especially in the 3rd trimester.Key words: abdominal circumference, fetal growth, Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v26i3.4195 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2008; 26: 124-127

scholarly journals Gestational age Estimated by Abdominal Circumference in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Q Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Gestational Age Estimation

Objective: Abdominal circumference measurement is an important parameter for determining  fetal growth. Fetal growth will be more accurately assessed if we use tables constructed on  our own population. A table of fetal gestational age estimation by abdominal circumference in  Bangladeshi population is prepared, so that a quick assessment of its growth can be made.Methods: This study was a prospective, cross-sectional study, conducted on well dated, singleton  pregnancies. A table and a graph were prepared after fitting Polynomial regression models.Results: Nomogram for gestational age estimation by abdominal circumference was prepared.  1223 patients were included in the study. Percentiles, mean and standard deviations were  derived from the raw data. Polynomial regression model was a good fit to the data. Standard  deviations increased with gestational age. In the early second trimester Bangladeshi and  western studies were similar but as pregnancy advanced there was variation between the two  races.Conclusion: This chart can be useful for Bangladeshi population, by helping in assessment of  fetal growth and gestational age by abdominal circumference, especially in the 3rd trimester.  This is so, because abdominal circumference is very sensitive to fetal nutritional status. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i2.13781 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(2) : 64-67  

scholarly journals Fetal Biparietal Diameter and Abdominal Circumference Ratio in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Sabrina Q Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
First Time ◽  
Polynomial Regression Model ◽  
Growth Abnormality

This study was conducted to determine fetal biparietal diameter and abdominal circumference ratio in Bangladesh. There is still no table of this ratio in our country. A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on well dated, singleton fetuses of healthy pregnant women. One table and two graphs were prepared by fitting Polynomial regression model. Percentiles, mean and two standard deviations were derived of the ratio. Fetal charts of the raw data with superimposed fitted curves were constructed. The model showed a good fit to the data of 1223 subjects. It covered 95% of the population and gave 3rd, 10th, 50th, 90th and 97th percentiles. This chart can be useful for accurate assessment of fetal biparietal diameter and abdominal circumference ratio to determine the type of fetal growth abnormality, symmetrical or asymmetrical. This is the first time that this ratio has been studied in Bangladesh. Key words: Biparietal diameter; abdominal circumference. DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v39i1.6229 Bangladesh Medical Journal 2010; 39(1): 24-27

scholarly journals Fetal Femur Length and Abdominal Circumference Ratio in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Sabrina Q Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Key Words Femur ◽  
Growth Abnormality

Objective: The ratio of fetal femur length and abdominal circumference is one of the important ratios. But we do not have any study on it in our country so far. Therefore a study was conducted to prepare a table based on Bangladeshi population. Method: Well dated pregnancies were included in a cross-sectional prospective study. By fitting Polynomial regression model a table and a graph were prepared. Nomograms of Caucasian population which were established before, were compared with this study. Results: A chart of the raw data of 1223 subjects with superimposed fitted percentiles was produced. The quadratic model showed a good fit to the data. 3rd, 10th, 50th, 90th and 97th percentiles, means and two standard deviations of the data were derived. Conclusion: These table and charts can be useful for accurate assessment of fetal femur length/abdominal circumference ratio to detect the type of fetal growth abnormality, symmetrical or asymmetrical. This study shows that there is similarity of this ratio with the western ratio unlike the individual fetal parameters. Key words: Femur length/abdominal circumference ratio; Bangladesh. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2009; Vol. 24(2) : 52-55 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v24i2.8528  

scholarly journals Fetal Transcerebellar Diameter/ Abdominal Circumference Ratio as a Gestational Age Independent Parameter for Fetal Growth

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
A Jha ◽  
B Joshi ◽  
S Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Independent Parameter ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Independent

Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate accuracy of trans-cerebellar diameter / abdominal circumference (TCD/AC) ratio to assess fetal growth. The ratio of TCD with head circumference (HC) and biparietal diameter (BPD) was also determined. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study involving 442 women with uncomplicated singleton gestation between 15-40 weeks. Protocol included obtaining the BPD, HC, TCD and AC in conventional planes  and obtaining ratio of TCD with other biometric parameters.Results: We were able to visualize the cerebellum in about 93% of scans. The TCD/ AC ratio remained nearly constant throughout gestational age and was 0.138. The mean TCD/HC ratio was 0.124 and mean TCD/BPD ratio was 0.476.Conclusions: TCD/HC and TCD/BPD ratio showed a small increase towards the completion of gestation while TCD/AC ratio remained nearly constant throughout gestational age. TCD/AC ratio is reliable as a gestational age independent parameter of fetal growth.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v9i2.11770   

scholarly journals Hemoglobin curves during pregnancy before and after fortification of flours with iron

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Sayuri Sato ◽  
Elizabeth Fujimori ◽  
Sophia Cornbluth Szarfarc
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Polynomial Regression Models ◽  
Evaluation Of Public Policies

Objective: To assess the level of hemoglobin-Hb during pregnancy before and after fortification of flours with iron. Method: A cross-sectional study with data from 12,119 pregnant women attended at a public prenatal from five macro regions of Brazil. The sample was divided into two groups: Before-fortification (birth before June/2004) and After-fortification (last menstruation after June/2005). Hb curves were compared with national and international references. Polynomial regression models were built, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Although the higher levels of Hb in all gestational months after-fortification, the polynomial regression did not show the fortification effect (p=0.3). Curves in the two groups were above the references in the first trimester, with following decrease and stabilization at the end of pregnancy. Conclusion: Although the fortification effect was not confirmed, the study presents variation of Hb levels during pregnancy, which is important for assistencial practice and evaluation of public policies.


scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to evaluate sonographic foetal humerus length for estimation of gestational age in normal singleton pregnancies at a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3622
Author(s):  
Premlata Mital ◽  
Richa Ainani ◽  
Nupur Hooja ◽  
Priya Sonkhya ◽  
Vishwas Pradodh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background: Accurate knowledge of gestational age of the foetus is essential for planning a timely and uneventful outcome. Biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length reliably predict gestational age. The humerus length is not widely used as biometric parameter for determining the GA so the present study was done to estimate foetal gestational age by measuring humerus length between 18 to 36 weeks of normal singleton pregnancies and to compare humerus length with routine parameters.Methods: This was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study, 200 women with viable singleton pregnancy, with known LMP, between 18 weeks to 36 weeks of gestation were included. Various foetal measurements such as biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length and humerus length were measured using electronic calipers on ultrasound. Data were statistically analyzed.Results: The mean humerus length at 18 weeks was 25.27±1.16 mm and at 36 weeks of gestation was 57.11±1.58 mm. Simple linear regression analysis shows a strongly significant linear relationship between humerus length and gestational age. Where, gestational age (weeks) Y= 0.5213 x humerus length (X) + 4.905; with high degree of correlation coefficient (R2 =0.9785 and P≤0.0001). When Compared with BPD, HC, AC and FL, humerus length also shows a linear correlation.Conclusions: The measurement of the humerus length can be an important additional parameter for estimating gestational age along with other parameters and can be used to predict the gestational age of fetuses in special circumstances.

Dental Arch Width in Children and Relationship to their Oral Habits

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Kohinur Akther ◽  
Md Zakir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Habits ◽  
Arch Width ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Dental Arch Width

Aim: Objectives: To analyze variations in dental arch width in relation to oral habits.   Materials and Methods : Cross sectional  study was carried out Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital, Dhaka with a total number of 600 primary school children of 3-6 years ages of Bangladeshi population. Results: This study was a cross sectional study conducted among the 600 children with 3-6 years old prima- ry school children of Bangladeshi population. According to present study, bottle feeding causes significant reduction in maxillary intercanine width and mouth breathers show significant reduction of both arches. Conclusion: It was observed that the children who had used a bottle had a significant reduction in maxillary intercanine width. Breathing through mouth appeared to be associated with a reduction in the size of both arches. This was more significant in the maxillary intercanine , mandibular  intercanine and mandibular molar widths. Therefore to prevent malocclusions, the public should be informed of the harm caused by certain oral habits, the benefits of breast-feeding, and the need to correct bad habits at early life. Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2016; Vol-7 (1-2), P.6-11

Sonographic Assessment of Amniotic Fluid Volume using Single Deepest Pocket (SDP) among Igbo Women with Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancies.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Chijioke Okeudo ◽  
B.U. Ezem
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background: The amniotic fluid is fundamental for proper fetal development and growth. Ultrasound visualization of the amniotic fluid permits both subjective and objective estimates of the amniotic fluid. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the reference values of normal single deepest pocket (SDP) – upper and lower limits, mean SDP and variation of the SDP with gestational age among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria extraction carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancy. Methodology: This was a prospective cross sectional study involving 400 women carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and who were sure of the date of the first day of their last menstrual period. The single deepest pocket / maximum vertical pool were determined once at presentation at the hospital.. The study was conducted from January 1st to December 31st 2015. The second author carried out all the scanning. The SDP was obtained. Results: The womens’ mean and median ages were the same at 28 years. The gestational age range of the pregnancies was 14-41 weeks. The mean SDP was 5.8cm, while the 5th and 95th percentiles were 3.3cm and 8.5cm respectively. There was no difference in the mean SDP in both term and preterm. There was irregular but continuous rise of mean SDP to a peak of 6.8cm at gestational age of 39 weeks. In conclusion, the participants had a mean SDP of 5.8cm. There was also a positive correlation between SDP and Gestational age. We therefore recommend a longitudinal study to assess perinatal outcome and abnormal amniotic fluid volume among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria. Key words: Single Deepest Pocket, Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancy, Igbo Women.

Diabetes and pre-eclampsia affecting pregnancy: a retrospective cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram R Kalagiri ◽  
Niraj Vora ◽  
Jessica L Wilson ◽  
Syeda H Afroze ◽  
Venkata N Raju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Elevated Glucose ◽  
Post Hoc

The interaction between pre-eclampsia and diabetes mellitus (DM) is far from being completely understood. In this study, we compared normal pregnancies with those complicated with pre-eclampsia, gestational DM, and/or pre-existing diabetes to assess the effects of hyperglycemia on placental development. AnInstitutional Review Board (IRB) approved retrospective cross-sectional study with 621 subjects was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using Duncan’s post hoc test and analysis of variance. Regardless of diabetes status, patients with pre-eclampsia delivered prematurely. Patients in the group with pre-eclampsia and pregestational diabetes delivered much earlier, at 35.0±0.4 weeks, when compared with the patients that had pre-eclampsia with gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia with no diabetes (*P<0.05 for each). Additionally, patients with pre-existing diabetes who developed pre-eclampsia delivered smaller babies than those with pre-existing diabetes without pre-eclampsia (1.00±0.03, P<0.05 for each). Pre-existing diabetes with added insult of pre-eclampsia led to fetal growth restriction. This outcome validates the understanding that elevated glucose earlier in pregnancy alters placentogenesis and leads to fetal growth restriction.

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