scholarly journals Environmental Variation on Genetic Divergence of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
MS Uddin ◽  
MA Newaz ◽  
L Hassan ◽  
AKM M Alom ◽  
KM Wayaz
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Saline Condition ◽  
Saline Environment ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity

Variations among 45 wheat genotypes were studied on multivariate scale through Mahalanobis’ D2 statistics at saline and non-saline environments. In the both environment, the genotypes were grouped themselves into five different clusters. Number of genotypes in each cluster varied with the environments. In non-saline environment, cluster II was the largest having 13 genotypes. While, under saline condition, the cluster II also had the highest number of genotypes (16). The distance within cluster were always less than the distances between clusters. The cluster III and IV, I and V and II and V exhibited wide distance between them in non saline, Again cluster III and IV, I and V, I and II and IV and V were distinctly different from others. Cluster mean for yield and its components indicated that twelve genotypes in the cluster V had good performance under non-saline and five genotypes under saline in the cluster IV had good performance. Number of spikes per plant and days to maturity in non-saline environment and number of grains per spike and days to heading in saline environment contributed maximum towards divergence among 45 genotypes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22216 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 99-103 2014

scholarly journals Path analysis of grain yield associated characters in Brazilians wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1406-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
◽  
Maicon Nardino ◽  
Diego Nicolau Follmann ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Demari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Evaluation of agronomic traits and assessment of genetic variability in some popular wheat genotypes cultivated in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
pp. 847-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soleman M. Al-Otayk
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
Days To Maturity

The present study was carried out to evaluate agronomic traits and assessment of genetic variability of some wheat genotypes at Qassim region, Saudi Arabia', during 2010/11 and2011/12 seasons. Fourteen wheat genotypes including five bread wheat and nine durum wheat genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications. The genotypes were evaluated for ten different yield contributing characters viz., days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling period, grain filling rate, plant height, number of spikes m-2, kernels spike-1, 1000-kernel weight, grain yield and straw yield. The combined analysis of variance indicated the presence of significant differences between years for most characters. The genotypes exhibited significant variation for all the characters studied indicating considerable amount of variation among genotypes for each character. Maximum coefficient of variation was observed for number of spikes m-2 (17%), while minimum value was found for days to maturity. Four genotypes produced maximum grain yield and statistically similar, out of them two bread wheat genotypes (AC-3 and SD12) and the other two were durum wheat (AC-5 and BS-1). The genotypes AC-3, AC-5 and BS-1 had higher grain yield and stable in performance across seasons. The estimation of phenotypic coefficient of variation in all the traits studied was greater than those of the genotypic coefficient of variation. High heritability estimates (> 0.5) were observed for days to heading, days to maturity, and plant height, while the other characters recorded low to moderate heritability. The high GA % for plant height and days to heading (day) was accompanied by high heritability estimates, which indicated that heritability is mainly due to genetic variance. Comparatively high expected genetic advances were observed for grain yield components such as number of kernels spike-1 and 1000-kernel weight. Grain yield had the low heritability estimate with a relatively intermediate value for expected genetic advance. The results of principle component analysis (PCA) indicated that the superior durum wheat genotypes for grain yield in the two seasons (AC-5 and BS-1) are clustered in group II (Fig. 2). Also, the superior two bread wheat genotypes (AC-3 and SD12) were in group I. Therefore, it could be future breeding program to develop new high yielding genotypes in bread and durum wheat.

Yield and water use of paired-row versus equidistant-row seeded spring wheat in a semiarid environment

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Cutforth ◽  
F. Selles
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Semiarid Environment ◽  
Brown Soil ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Days To Maturity

A field study was carried out to determine the effects of seed row configuration on days to maturity, water use and grain yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ’Leader’) grown in a semiarid environment. From 1986 to 1989, Leader spring wheat was seeded at Swift Current, Saskatchewan in north-south equidistant-rows (25-cm row spacing) and paired-rows (two rows 10 cm apart with 50 cm between the centre of each paired row). Seed and fertilizer were applied at recommended rates for the Brown soil zone. There were no significant differences (P > 0.10) in grain yield, water use or days to maturity between equidistant-row and paired-row seeding. The data suggest that under the environmental conditions of the Brown soil zone paired-row seeding may have no agronomic advantage over equidistant-row seeding.Key words: Paired-row seeding, water use, grain yield, spring wheat

EFFECTS OF SEEDING RATE AND ROW SPACING ON AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GLENLEA, PITIC 62 AND NEEPAWA WHEATS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Narrow Row ◽  
Plot Design

Three cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), Glenlea, Pitic 62 and Neepawa, were grown in a seeding rate and row spacing experiment at two locations in 1972 and 1973. In a split-plot design, row spacings of 15, 23 and 30 cm were used as main plots, and subplot seeding rates of 33.6, 67.3 and 100.9 kg/ha were applied for each cultivar. Data were collected on yield, days to maturity, plant height, lodging, kernel weight and test weight. The few significant effects of row spacing indicated that narrow row spacings tend to increase yield and decrease days to maturity. Higher seeding rates per unit area generally resulted in higher yields for all cultivars and, to some extent, earlier maturity. Glenlea wheat seeded at 100.9 kg/ha gave the highest yield in all tests, and at this seeding rate took an average 125 days to reach maturity, compared to 120 days for Neepawa and 129 days for Pitic 62. Seeding rate had virtually no effect on height, kernel weight or test weight of any of the wheats.

Differential tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes to metribuzin

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 452 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. L. Kleemann ◽  
G. S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Parental Lines

Field and glasshouse experiments were undertaken at 2 locations in South Australia to evaluate wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) tolerance to metribuzin. Sloop SA barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was used as a standard in the evaluation. Linear and logistic regression models were used to describe the response of wheat genotypes to metribuzin. Parameter estimates of B (slope) and ED50 (dose required for 50% inhibition) estimated by the models were used to compare the responses of the genotypes with that of the known sensitive cv. Spear. In the field, wheat cvv. Blade, Kite, EGA Eagle Rock, and Sloop SA barley showed tolerance to metribuzin, exhibiting little change in seedling density and anthesis dry matter (DM) when treated with metribuzin (187.5 and 375 g/ha). In contrast, wheat cv. Spear, which has 50% common parentage with Blade, showed a strong negative response to metribuzin for both seedling density (B = –0.308) and anthesis DM (B = –0.482), indicating sensitivity to the herbicide. Sonora 64 and Tezanos Pinto Precoz, parental lines of Blade, were also sensitive to metribuzin (>187.5 g/ha), showing similar negative responses to that of Spear for anthesis dry matter (B = –0.307 and –0.387). However, Kite, which is another parent of Blade, showed excellent tolerance to this herbicide, exhibiting only a small response (B = –0.076), which was statistically (P < 0.05) different from that of Spear. In the second field study, cvv. Blade, EGA Eagle Rock, and Sloop SA barley were again far more tolerant to metribuzin than the sensitive cv. Spear, requiring almost double the dose of metribuzin to induce 50% inhibition (ED50). Glasshouse studies, where metribuzin was highly active in a light sandy potting soil at what would be considered low rates in the field (50 and 100 g/ha), confirmed the sensitivity differences among wheat genotypes observed in the field. Wheat genotypes Blade, Kite, EGA Eagle Rock, and daughter line RAC 0824 were consistently tolerant to metribuzin. Sensitivity to metribuzin (50 g/ha) was observed in Spear, and most parental lines of Blade with the exception of Kite. Interestingly, Kite showed equivalent tolerance to its progeny, Blade and EGA Eagle Rock, exhibiting similar ED50 and B (slope) values. It is noteworthy that EGA Eagle Rock has recently been specifically bred for tolerance to metribuzin using Blade as a parent. Considering Kite was the only parent to show tolerance to metribuzin in these field and glasshouse studies, it would appear to be the major contributor to metribuzin tolerance in cv. Blade. At present, Kite is not favoured by wheat breeders due to the presence of a rust-resistant gene (SR26) linked to yield penalty. Further research is required to determine alleles responsible for metribuzin tolerance in wheat and to identify alternative sources of metribuzin tolerance.

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