scholarly journals Evaluation of Congenital Upper Urinary Tract Anomalies in Hypospadias

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Md. Abdullah Al Farooq ◽  
Shafiqul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Vesicoureteric Reflux ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Paediatric Surgery ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Genital Ambiguity ◽  
Urinary Tract Anomalies

Background: Hypospadias may be associated with other congenital upper urinary tract anomalies. Literature showed various opinions to evaluate or not to evaluate upper urinary tract in hypospadias patient. Frequency of upper urinary tract anomalies also varies. This study was carried out on this background to avoid confusion.Objectives: Morphological evaluation of upper urinary tract to find out the frequency of upper urinary tract anomalies associated with uncomplicated hypospadias patients and give a guideline for investigation of such patients. Methods: This prospective study was designed and accomplished in the Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka; Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka and Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH), Chittagong; Bangladesh from October 2004 to June 2006. Eighty five (85) patient with hypospadias having neither any congenital anomalies, nor other genital ambiguity, nor any secondary vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) or meatal stenosis were selected for the study. Detailed history and examination were carried out. Upper urinary tract of all patients were evaluated by Ultrasonography (USG), Intravenous Urography (IVU), and Micturating Cystourethrography (MCU).To exclude genital ambiguity in perineal hypospadias, karyotype were done to ascertain male sex. Results were analyzed by SPSS with the help of Chi-square and Z approximation test . Result : Eighty five (85) patients were taken. All patients were evaluated by USG, IVU and MCU to detect congenital upper urinary tract anomalies.Results: Four (4) patients had had upper urinary tract anomalies. One (1) patient found to have left sided pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) while one (1) patient had right sided pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO). One (1) patient was found to have left sided pelviureteric duplication and the last patient with left renal agenesis. USG detected three (3) anomalies in 85 patients (3.53%) and IVU detected all four (4) anomalies in 85 patients (4.7%), but no primary reflux was detected by MCU. Overall frequency of upper urinary tract anomalies was 4.7%. Eighty one (81) patients (95.3%) had no anomalies. USG detected 3 (three) anomalies out of 4 (four) patients (75%) & IVU detected all four anomalies (100%). Absence of upper urinary tract anomaly was statistically significant.Conclusion: Frequency of upper urinary tract anomalies are significantly low  (4.7%) in uncomplicated hypospadias. USG can detect 75% congenital upper urinary tract anomalies in hypospadias patients. So USG is good enough and recommended to evaluate upper urinary tract anomalies in uncomplicated hypospadias patients. There is no need to evaluate upper urinary tract by IVU or MCU in such patients, if asymptomatic otherwise.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jpsb.v2i2.19547

scholarly journals Characterization of extended spectrum β-Lactamase producing bactieria isolated from urinary tract infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Munawar Sultana ◽  
Anowar Khasru Parvez ◽  
Khandokar Fahmida Sultana ◽  
Sanjoy Kumer Mukharje ◽  
M Anwar Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: A unique challenge for clinical microbiologists, clinicians, infection control professionals is to deal with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing pathogens. The study was aims to isolate ESBL producing bacteria from urine samples of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)-patients and to analyses their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Methods: A total of 90 urine samples from UTI patients were collected from Enam Medical College Hospital and Gonoshastha Medical College Hospital, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; between May-2012 to August-2012. A total 75gram negative isolates were retrieved and screened for ESBL production by the Double Disk Diffusion Synergy Test (DDST). Isolates with ESBL phenotype were further characterised by antibiotic susceptibility testing, PCR and sequencing of β-lactamase genes. Results: Cultural and biochemical assay combined with 16S rRNA gene based phylogenetic identification confirmed that Escherichia spp. were predominant pathogens associate with UTI (41%), and the rest were distributed within the genus Enterobacter spp. 26%, Klebsiella spp. 21% , and Pseudomonas spp.10%. Total 31 isolates were phenotypically confirmed as ESBLs through DDST. The multidrug resistant (MDR) and ESBL producing bacteria showed high resistance to cefotaxime (96%), cefixime (90%) and imipenem (32%). PCR reaction was carried out targeting the genes blaTEM, blaCTX. Dominant ESBL class was CTX-M (65%) followed by TEM (52%). All ESBL isolates except 7 possesses multiple plasmids indicating possibility of both chromosomal and plasmid inheritance of ESBLs. Conclusions: This study shows a high prevalence of ESBL producing MDR in UTI patients among these two hospitals of Bangladesh indicating the necessity of alternative therapeutic intervention. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2019; 45: 23-33

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria causing urinary tract infection in a private medical college hospital, Dhaka

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Siddiqua ◽  
Ahmed Nawsher Alam ◽  
Sonia Akter ◽  
Reena Saad Ferdousi
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates

Background and objective: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the frequently seen infections both in the world and in our country as well. Escherichia coli (E. coli) aremost frequently isolated in complicated or uncomplicated, nosocomial or community acquired urinary tract infections. To guide the empirical therapy, the resistance pattern of E. coli responsible was evaluated throughout the period in this study.Material and Method: Urine samples from outpatient / inpatient department of Ibn Sina Medical College Hospital between 1st January, 2015 and 31st December, 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Presence of ?105 colony forming units/ml in urine culture was considered as significant for UTI. Isolated bacteria were identified by standard laboratory techniques and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) criteria.Result: A total of 271(13.4%) uropathogens were isolated. Overall E. coli accounted for 180 (66.42%) of all isolates. Resistance rates of E. coli to antimicrobial agents was demonstrated to be as follows: cefuroxime 82%, nalidaxic acid 74%, azithromycin 56%, cefotaxime52%, ceftazidime50%, cefixime 47%, cotrimoxazole 43%, ceftriaxone 41%, ciprofloxacin38%, amoxicillin- clavulanic acid 31%, cefepime30%, and low resistance which ranges from 9 to 1% included gentamycin 9%, meropenem 3%, imipenem2%, nitrofurantoin2% and amikacin 1%.Conclusion: As resistance rates show regional differences, it is necessary to regularly monitor regional resistance pattern to determine the appropriate empiric antibiotic treatment. The national antibiotic usage policies must be reorganized according to data obtained from these studies.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.16(1) 2017 p.42-47

scholarly journals Post-Operative Restlessness During Recovery Period Following General Anaesthesia

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 645-648
Author(s):  
Md Rashid Ali ◽  
Shamim Adam ◽  
KR Khan ◽  
Zahir Al Imran
Keyword(s):  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Paediatric Surgery ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Different Types ◽  
North Bengal

Background: Smooth induction and smooth maintenance, smooth reversal and quite recovery is a key word in general anaesthesia. All anaesthetist desires that his patients wake-up smoothly & quietly. However the matter is not easy at all. Anaesthetist often faces a bitter experiences & awk.ward situation during recovery from anaesthesia. Objective: To detect the degree & frequency of restlessness in various types of patients of different age & sex groups and in different types of operations.Methodology & Materials : Our study was carried out in North Bengal Medical College Hospital, Sirajgonj, in between July/2014 & December/2014. 60 (sixty) patients were chosen of different age & sex group and of different types of operation for this perpous.Results: Our study shows that the patients of E.N.T. surgery & the patients of Paediatric surgery, were most vulnerable & responded badly, during reversal and in the post operative ward. Among others a few of them developed restlessness due to some other cause. The children were more prone to develop restlessness than the adults. The Orthopaedic surgery patients also responded badly during recovery period.Conclusion: Special attention should given to this matter as it is really a hazardous situation to all; (i.e. anaesthetist, surgeon, O.T. Sister). An adequate pre-medication,smooth induction, quiet maintenance, smooth reversal & a suitable post operative analgesic is absolutely necessary. Pre anesthetic visit & close rapport with the patient is also essential to overcome this situation.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-2, Jan 2016, Page 645-648

scholarly journals Pattern of Bacteria Causing Urinary Tract Infections of inpatients and outpatients department at Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
T Shilpi ◽  
SMA Huq ◽  
M Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Tract Infections

The most common nosocomial infection is Urinary tract infection (UTI) among hospitalized patients as well as UTI is an important health problem in the community. The knowledge about the type of pathogens responsible for UTI and at a specific area may help the doctors to choose correct treatment regimen. This study was aimedat to investigate the pattern of isolated urinary pathogens. This study was done at Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital, Dhaka during January- June, 2011. Out of 498 clinical samples of urine collected, 245 (49.19%) showed significant bacterial growth. The most common pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (142, 58.0%), Streptococcus feacalis (38, 15.5%), Pseudomonus (20, 8.2%), Klebsiella species (20, 8.2%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (14, 5.7%). The clinicians should use antibiotics according to pattern of causative agents that cause UTI in such setting. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v3i1.10107 AKMMCJ 2012; 3(1): 13-15

scholarly journals Clinical presentation of congenital neck mass in children

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Mazharul Alam Siddique ◽  
Mahbuba Hossen ◽  
Ahmmad Taous ◽  
Kazi Shamimus Salam ◽  
Belayat Hossain Siddiquee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Paediatric Surgery ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Neck Masses ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision

Background: Congenital neck mass is a very common problem in children in Otolaryngology & Head-Neck Surgery and Paediatric Surgery Department but data of our country is inadequate and there is lack of published study. This study will help to diagnose congenital neck masses, evaluate the success of surgical treatment in our country.Objective: To assess the frequency of congenital neck mass in children and to see the clinical presentation of different congenital neck mass.Study design: Cross sectional prospective study.Place of study: Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH)l, Dhaka and Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh.Methodology: Patients below the age of 18 years with congenital neck mass who presented to three tertiary level hospitals from January 2010 to December 2010 were included in this study. Total thirty six patients were purposively selected. Age, gender, types of swelling and location were examined, investigations were done. Data was analyzed with SPSS software and was presented in the form of tables, diagrams and pie charts.Results: 36 patients with different congenital neck swelling were examined. Out of 36 patients, thyroglossal cysts were commonest- 21(58.33%). Other congenital lesions were as follows: Branchial cyst 7(19.44), Lymphangioma 3(8.33%), Haemangioma 3(8.33%), Dermoid cyst 2(5.55%). Midline was most common location 21 (58.33%).Conclusion: Congenital neck masses constitute important differential diagnosis for neck masses. These masses constitute diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for many clinicians. Correct diagnosis, safe and complete surgical excision requires sound knowledge of the location and extent of these masses.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v18i1.10409  Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 18(1): 16-22

scholarly journals Single Stage Urethroplasty for Proximal Hypospadias with Chordee

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Hassan ◽  
AC Paul ◽  
MA Khair ◽  
RK Saha ◽  
A Hanif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Paediatric Surgery ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Proximal Hypospadias ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Dual Blood Supply ◽  
Good Cosmesis ◽  
Surgery Department

Proximal hypospadias with chordee usually requires two stage procedures: 1st stage is orthoplasty and ventral parking of prepucial skin and 2nd stage is urethroplasty after 6 months of 1st stage. The aim of this study is to describe and report the outcome of a single stage repair- Koyanagi Nanamura procedure for proximal hypospadias with chordee. Between January 2006 to December 2010, 44 boys with proximal hypospadias underwent repair using the Koyanagi Nanamura technique in Paediatric Surgery Department of Faridpur Medical College Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital. The boys' age ranged from 1 to 7 years. The technique employs the use of lateral penile skin and extends into the inner preputial skin. This flap enjoys double blood supply from the base of the meatus as well as the preputial vessels. Follow-up period was 6 months. Satisfactory results were obtained in 39 (88.6%) patients. Three patients developed fistulae. Two patients developed meatal stenosis. Results were considered satisfactory when the boy achieves a glanular meatus, single forward stream, unimpeded voiding, good cosmesis, and no need for secondary surgery for the urethra. Koyanagi Nanamura procedure is a reliable procedure in which the lateral flaps have dual blood supply, which produces good results (88.6%) and is suitable for proximal forms of hypospadias with chordee. Key words: Hypospadias; Chordee; Fistula; Penis DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v6i2.9202 FMCJ 2011; 6(2): 66-69

scholarly journals An Audit of the Patients Treated in Paediatric Surgery Department of Ad-din Women’s Medical College Hospital, Dhaka

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Musrat Rahman ◽  
Rezaul Islam ◽  
SM A Alim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Paediatric Surgery ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Surgical Audit

Background: Surgery without audit is like playing without keeping the score. Medical/Surgical Audit is the evaluation of the quality and efficiency of the surgical services offered to the patients by a group of Medical Personnel in a Hospital. A surgical Audit of the patients of Department of Pediatric Surgery in a non-government Hospital was performed to evaluate overall performance and the quality of service delivered to the patients.Methods: It was a randomized study carried out in the department of Pediatric surgery in Ad-din Women’s’ Medical College Hospital during the period of January 2008 to December 2012 (total 5 years). Total 4613 patients were included in this study. Among them 832 (15.91%) patients were treated after admission and 4396(84.09%) patients were treated as OPD patients.Results: Among the total 4613 patients, 3953 patients were male and 660 patients were female. Total 3127 patients were under 5 years and 1486 patients were over 5 years. Among total 832 admission, 551 (66.22%) were elective cases and 281 (33.78%) were emergency cases.Conclusion: Clinical audit is a process. It is a process used by clinicians who seek to improve patient care. So in this audit we have tried to evaluate our overall performance and the quality of service delivered to our patients in the last 5 years period to find out the limitations and deficiencies prevailing in this field.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 3(1): 26-29, 2012 (January)

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infection in Nephrotic Syndrome - A study of 62 cases at Faridpur Medical College Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Lakshman Chandra Kundu ◽  
Aloke Kumar Saha ◽  
Md Kamrul Hassan ◽  
Antara Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Population

Urinary tract infection is a common complication of Nephrotic syndrome, many cases remain asymptomatic. This study was aimed to determine the possible underlying causes of urinary tract infection in Nephrotic syndrome. The study population in this descriptive study included children aged six months to fourteen years old with Nephrotic syndrome referred to Paediatric ward of Faridpur Medical College Hospital from June 2015 to March 2016. The mean age was 6.12±3.25 years in UTI group and 7.26±3.39 years in without UTI group. Male were predominant in both groups, 15(60.0%) in UTI group and 24(64.9%) in without UTI group. Serum albumin, total protein, urinary protein excretion, the number of white blood cells, hemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, blood creatinine, nitrogen, blood urea, serum triglycerides were not statistically significant between the groups. The most common microorganisms involved in urinary tract infection were: Escherichia coli (13%) & Klebsiella (13%). Majority 29(46.8%) patients had fever, 12(19.4%) had diarrhea, 11(17.7%) had bad smell of urine, 10(16.1%) had vomiting associated with diarrhea and 10(16.1%) had respiratory symptoms. Children with nephrotic syndrome are frequently predisposed to urinary tract infection and in most cases it is asymptomatic, often undiagnosed. E. coli is the commonest organism causing UTI.Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2018;13(1): 35-39

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