scholarly journals Estimation of genetic components for plant growth and physiological traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) under normal and stress conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Naeem ◽  
M Ahmed ◽  
S Noreen ◽  
MKN Shah ◽  
MS Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Leaf Water Loss

This study was conducted to investigate the genetic variability of plant growth and physiological characters in thirty wheat genotypes under normal and drought stress conditions. Selection of important plant growth and physiological traits are essential component for wheat yield improvement. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted in the glasshouse during 2012-13 to estimate the extent of genetic components viz., genetic variance, coefficient of variability and broad sense heritability for plant growth and physiological traits under normal and drought stress conditions. Higher genetic variance was observed between the genotypes for the cell membrane stability, excised leaf water loss, relative water content, proline, sugar and glycine betain under both conditions. This suggested that these indices can be used as direct selection criteria for wheat improvement. While excised leaf water loss and fresh root weight revealed the least variability for GCV and PCV correspond to high heritability under stress condition. Hence, these traits can be used as indirect selection criteria under stress condition.SAARC J. Agri., 13(1): 90-98 (2015)

scholarly journals Copper Nanoparticle Application Enhances Plant Growth and Grain Yield in Maize Under Drought Stress Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Van Nguyen ◽  
Huong Mai Nguyen ◽  
Nga Thanh Le ◽  
Kien Huu Nguyen ◽  
Hoa Thi Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Copper Nanoparticle

scholarly journals Diallel Analysis for Area, Chlorophyll and Temperature of Flag Leaf in Bread Wheat under Well Watered and Drought Stress Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Naheif E. Mohamed ◽  
Ismail M. Bedawy ◽  
Yasser A. M. Hefny
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Additive Gene

To study genetic analysis of some physiological traits of drought stress in wheat using diallel techniques, an experiment was performed on ten bread wheat genotypes as parents and their 45 F1 hybrids in a randomized complete block design with three replicates under well-watered and drought stress conditions at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Egypt during season of 2018/19. The results showed significant differences between the genotypes (G), Parents (P), F1 crosses, P vs. F1, GCA and SCA under well-watered and drought stress in the flag leaf area (FLA), flag leaf chlorophyll content (FLCC) and flag leaf temperature (FLT), except FLCC for F1 crosses exhibited insignificant differences. The significant differences were found in the interaction of SCA × Env., in all studied traits and GCA × Env., for FLT., indicating the involvement of both additive and dominance gene action in their inheritance. The most desirable heterotic effects were considered as the largest positive heterosis estimates for FLA and FLCC, and the lowest negative for FLT. The parent numbers P9, P8 and P3 were the best general combiner for FLA under normal irrigation and drought stress. While the parents P2, P7 and P9 were the best general combiner for FLCC, under normal irrigation and (P1, P2 and P3) under drought stress. Therefor the parents P1, P4 and P5 were the best general combiner for FLT under normal irrigation, also the P3, P4 and P5 were the best general combiner for FLT under drought stress conditions. Under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions as well as the combined data, the additive genetic components of variation (VA) in F1 ’s was much greater than dominance component (VD), as expressed by the (VA/VD) ratio which was more than unity for the FLA, and FLT under normal irrigation and their combined. This indicates that the additive gene effects in F1 crosses are more important than dominance and plays the major role in the inheritance of these studied traits.

scholarly journals EFEITOS DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO COM RESÍDUO DA ATIVIDADE DA CARCINICULTURA EM PLANTAS DE GIRASSOL SUBMETIDAS A CONDIÇÕES DE ESTRESSE HÍDRICO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-605
Author(s):  
BRENNDA BEZERRA BRAGA ◽  
Franklin Aragão Gondim ◽  
Francisco Holanda Nunes Junior ◽  
Sabrina Isabel De Oliveira Paiva ◽  
Rifandreo Monteiro Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Shrimp Waste ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Federal Institute

EFEITOS DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO COM RESÍDUO DA ATIVIDADE DA CARCINICULTURA EM PLANTAS DE GIRASSOL SUBMETIDAS A CONDIÇÕES DE ESTRESSE HÍDRICO  BRENNDA BEZERRA BRAGA1; FRANSCISCO HOLANDA NUNES JUNIOR2; SABRINA ISABEL DE OLIVEIRA PAIVA1; RIFANDREO MONTEIRO BARBOSA1; ROBERTO ALBUQUERQUE PONTES FILHO1 E FRANKLIN ARAGÃO GONDIM1*  1Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado do Ceará – Campus Maracanaú. Av. Contorno Norte, 10, Distrito Industrial, Maracanaú, Ceará, Brasil. Email: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; *[email protected] (autor correspondente).  2Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado do Ceará – Campus Jaguaribe. Av. B - Bairro Manoel Costa Moraes, Jaguaribe, Ceará, Brasil. Email: [email protected]  1 RESUMO Objetivou-se identificar os efeitos da utilização de resíduo de carcinicultura sobre o crescimento e sistema enzimático antioxidativo de girassol em condições de estresse hídrico. O trabalho foi conduzido na casa de vegetação do Instituto Federal do Ceará – campus Maracanaú, Ceará, Brasil. As sementes foram semeadas em baldes contendo: 1) areia de granulometria fina; 2) areia + adubo; 3) areia + 7g de resíduo de carcinicultura; 4) areia + 14g de resíduo de carcinicultura. Decorridos 16 dias da semeadura, metade de cada grupo de plântulas descrito foi submetido à suspensão de rega. Foram realizadas 2 coletas:19 e 21 dias após a semeadura. Determinaram-se: as matérias frescas e secas da parte aérea, das raízes e total e as atividades das enzimas antioxidativas em folhas e raízes. De modo geral, a utilização de resíduo de carcinicultura no substrato proporcionou melhoria no crescimento das plantas. Isso pode ter ocorrido devido ao aumento nas atividades das enzimas antioxidativas. Em condições controle, a aplicação de 14g de resíduo ocasionou maiores produções de matéria seca total e atividades das enzimas antioxidativas. Concluiu-se que o resíduo de carcinicultura pode ser uma alternativa aos fertilizantes, reduzindo os custos de produção, além de ser uma destinação adequada ao resíduo de carcinicultura. Palavras-chave: estresse oxidativo, Helianthus annuus L., biofertilizante  BRAGA, B. B.; NUNES JUNIOR, F. H.; PAIVA, S. I. O.; BARBOSA, R. M.; PONTES FILHO, R. A.; GONDIM, F. AEFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTATION WITH WASTE OF SHRIMP FARMING ON SUNFLOWER PLANTS UNDER DROUGHT STRESS CONDITIONS  2 ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify the effects of the use of shrimp waste on plant growth and the antioxidative enzymatic defense system of sunflower under drought stress conditions. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions at the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia (Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology), Maracanaú Campus, Ceará, Brazil. The seeds were sown in plastic pots containing: 1) fine-grained sand; 2) sand + fertilizer; 3) sand + 7g of shrimp waste; 4) sand + 14g shrimp waste. At 16 days after sowing, half of each seedling group described was submitted to irrigation suspension. Two plant harvests were performed: at 19 and 21 days after sowing. The following parameters were determined: shoots, roots and total fresh and dry masses, and activities of antioxidative enzymes in shoots and roots. In general, the use of shrimp waste in the substrate provided higher plant growth. This could be attributed to the increased activity of antioxidative enzymes. Under control conditions, the application of 14g of waste led to higher total dry mass and higher activities of antioxidative enzymes. It is concluded that the shrimp waste may be an alternative to fertilizers, reducing production costs.  Moreover, it seems to be an adequate disposal for shrimp farming waste. Keywords: oxidative stress, Helianthus annuus L., biofertilizer

scholarly journals Microbial Diversity of Upland Rice Roots and Their Influence on Rice Growth and Drought Tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1329
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Pang ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Diqiu Yu
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Rice Roots ◽  
Microbial Resources

Among abiotic stresses, drought is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth. To increase their drought tolerance and survival, most plants interact directly with a variety of microbes. Upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a rice ecotype that differs from irrigated ecotype rice; it is adapted to both drought-stress and aerobic conditions. However, its root microbial resources have not been explored. We isolated bacteria and fungi from roots of upland rice in Xishuangbanna, China. Four hundred sixty-two endophytic and rhizospheric isolates (337 bacteria and 125 fungi) were distributed. They were distributed among 43 genera on the basis of 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene sequence analysis. Notably, these root microbes differed from irrigated rice root microbes in irrigated environments; for example, members of the Firmicutes phylum were enriched (by 28.54%) in the roots of the upland plants. The plant growth-promoting (PGP) potential of 217 isolates was investigated in vitro. The PGP ability of 17 endophytic and 10 rhizospheric isolates from upland rice roots was evaluated under well-irrigated and drought-stress conditions, and 9 fungal strains increased rice seedling shoot length, shoot and root fresh weight (FW), antioxidant capability, and proline (Pro) and soluble sugar contents. Our work suggests that fungi from upland rice roots can increase plant growth under irrigated and drought-stress conditions and can serve as effective microbial resources for sustainable agricultural production in arid regions.

Repression of ARF10 by microRNA160 plays an important role in the mediation of leaf water loss

2016 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Xiufen Dong ◽  
Zihan Liu ◽  
Zihang Shi ◽  
Yun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Loss ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Leaf Water Loss
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