scholarly journals Organizational-pedagogical principles of Ukrainian secret university in Lviv (1921–1925 years)

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Oksana Kovalyshyn
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Education History ◽  
Scientific Society ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
School Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
Pedagogical Principles

Article investigates activities of the Ukrainian Secret University (USU) in Lviv during 1921–1925. The participation of education organizations of Galicia in raising of an illegal educational institution is considered. Functional structure of the USU in Lviv, which was based on the Senate headed by the rector, deans and three distinctions: philosophical, law and medical was discovered. Organizational and pedagogical principles of the activity of the higher school, conditions of its formation and development are analyzed. The participation of Ukrainian student youth as part of the activity of the Ukrainian secret university was determined. Analyzed contribution of the Shevchenko Scientific Society to the development of the pedagogical thought of Galicia. Participation of members of the Shevchenko Scientific Society in the founding of the «Pedagogical Commission» at the organization, which became an incentive for the organization of the pedagogical department at the Ukrainian secret university in Lviv. The role of educators of the department of pedagogy of the UTU of the philosophical section for the development of Ukrainian pedagogical science was determined. In addition, the participation of teachers: M. Makarushka, M. Galushchinsky and V. Kalinovich in the creation of pedagogical courses «Basics of education», «History of pedagogy from the 18th century», «Pedagogical seminar: works of Pestalozzi», «Newest pedagogical jets», «Education at home and at school», «Paidology «in number and» Children’s soul tests», based on their own pedagogical experience, knowledge and practice of scholars. Concluded that the Ukrainian secret university in Lviv, founded under the leadership of the largest scientific center of the Galicia Shevchenko Scientific Society, acted through the scientific, educational and cultural sphere of the society

scholarly journals Paesaggio naturale e politiche di sviluppo territoriale in Islanda

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Finocchietti ◽  
Luca Zarrilli
Keyword(s):  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Sphere

The stereotype of Iceland is a land of ice and fire, constantly subject to the devasting power of nature, an image that evokes the idea of a radically inhospitable environment, where is almost impossible to survive. Nevertheless Iceland, since independence, has developed so quickly to rank nowadays in the first positions in the world in terms of GDP pro-capita and HDI. Under this development there is a peculiar relation man-nature, that have been influencing the settlement and the economy so far, and that is so deeply rooted in the history of this territory to become a cultural and identitary factor. The aim of this paper is to analyse the relation environment-development in Iceland and the role of the natural landscape in the cultural sphere and in the development policies of this country.

scholarly journals We Built this Joint for Free: Counter-stories of Black American Contributions to Higher Education

10.28945/4432 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 123-142
Author(s):  
Chaunte L White ◽  
Miranda Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Student Affairs ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
Education History ◽  
History Of Higher Education ◽  
Master Narratives ◽  
Higher Education History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conceptual Paper

Aim/Purpose: Black contributions to higher education are frequently marginalized by some of the field’s most commonly cited historians. The purpose of this conceptual paper is threefold: to demarginalize the role of Black Americans within the higher education history narrative; to demonstrate the need to reconsider the course reading selections used to facilitate learning in this area; and, to emphasize the importance of higher education history as vehicle for understanding current issues across the postsecondary landscape. Background: Sanitized historical accounts often shape Higher Education and Student Affairs students’ learning of the history of American higher education. This is important due to the role historical knowledge plays in understanding current issues across the postsecondary landscape. Methodology: This conceptual paper juxtaposes commonly used higher education history texts against works that center Black higher education history. Elements of Critical Race Theory (CRT) frame this paper and serve as an analytic tool to disrupt master narratives from seminal history of higher education sources. Contribution: This paper contributes to literature on the history of higher education and offers considerations for the implications of course reading selections. Findings: We found that countering the master narratives shows how our contemporary experience has been shaped by colonial processes and how the historical role of Black Americans in higher education is often minimized. Recommendations for Practitioners: Citing how higher education and student affairs instructors’ choices around scholarship have implications for classroom learning and for the future of research and practice, this work recommends diversifying history of higher education course reading selections to help students gain better understanding of the historical impact of white supremacy, systemic oppression, and racism on postsecondary education. Future Research: Further research is needed to understand the impact of course reading selections on HESA student learning and empirically identify frequencies of text usage in history of higher education classrooms

Scientific novelties implemented into teaching mathematics in secondary schools on the Polish territories in the 19th century. The case of descriptive geometry

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-218
Author(s):  
Karolina Karpińska
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
History Of Mathematics ◽  
Descriptive Geometry ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
Education History ◽  
Secondary School Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article is dedicated to discussing the implementation of the descriptive geometry, i.e. the scientific novelty from the end of the 18th century, in secondary school education on the Polish territories in the 19th century. At that time, Polish lands were under the occupation of three empires: Prussia, Austria, and Russia. Over the time, the policy of the partition empires toward the Poles was changing in intensity. As a consequence, in the 19th century, there were schools on the Polish territories with Polish, Prussian, Austrian and Russian curricula and relevant lecture languages. The article analyses the implementation of descriptive geometry into teaching mathematics in schools located in all three partitions. Keywords: descriptive geometry, history of mathematics education, history of mathematics

scholarly journals Mini-Review: A Brief History of Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Use in Neuropsychiatry

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Gillman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Humphry Davy ◽  
Opioid Systems ◽  
Titration Technique

Background: Joseph Priestley’s discovery of nitrous oxide (N2O) was recorded in 1772. In the late 1790’s, Humphry Davy experimented with the psychotropic properties of N2O, describing his observations in a book, published in 1800. A dentist, Horace Wells discovered anaesthesia with N2O in 1844. Over a century after Davy, its potential usefulness in psychiatry was first recognised. The seminal researches in neuropsychiatry, between 1920 and 1950, mainly used anaesthetic concentrations of the gas. The psychotropic actions of N2O, at non-anaesthetic doses, were first used by dentists, mainly for its anxiolytic action. In modern dentistry, N2O is always mixed with at least 30% oxygen and titrated to doses rarely exceeding 40% of N2O. At these lower concentrations, untoward effects are almost always avoided, including over-sedation and/or anaesthesia. In the early 1980’s, the low-dose dental titration technique was first used to investigate and treat psychiatric conditions, including substance abuse. Until then, most physicians regarded the gas only as an anaesthetic agent. An exception was obstetricians who used a fixed 50% concentration of N2O diluted with oxygen for analgesia during parturition. In 1994, to clearly distinguish between anaesthetic and non-anaesthetic concentrations (as used in dentistry), the term Psychotropic Analgesic Nitrous oxide (PAN) was introduced. Objective: This paper will give a brief history of the use of the N2O in psychiatry since the psychotropic actions were first recognised in the 18th century until the present. Conclusion: The role of other non- opioid systems, and the extent to which they contribute to the psychotropic properties of N2O, still remains to be established.

scholarly journals ALL THE KING’S MAN»: MILITIA IN THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND DURING THE STUART AGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
D.O. Gordienko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Political ◽  
Glorious Revolution ◽  
Charles I ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Regular Army ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Glorious Revolution

The article presents the results of a study devoted to the history of the British armed forces in the “long” 17th century. The militia was the backbone of England's national military system. The author examines the aspects of the development of the institutions of the modern state during the reign of the Stuart dynasty, traces the process of the development of the militia and the formation of the regular army. He reveals the role of the militia in the political events of the Century of Revolutions: the reign of Charles I, the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, the Restoration age, the Glorious Revolution, and also gives a retrospective review of the eventsof the 18th century.

History of the Ecclesiastical Seminary Library in Ryazan (18th cent.)

2010 ◽  
pp. 100-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel V. Pichigin
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Documents ◽  
State Archives ◽  
First Time ◽  
Library Collections

The article is related to the history of creation and development of the Riazan Ecclesiastical Seminary and its library in the 18-th century. The materials of the Russian State Archives of Ancient Documents (RSAAD), State Archive of the Ryazan Region and other sources are used in it. This let to see the position of the Ecclesiastical Seminary Library in the history of the national enlightenment as well as the role of charity in the formation of the library collections of this educational institution. The author for the first time introduces the document — “The book catalogue of the Ryazan Ecclesiastical Seminary Library” (“Katalog knig biblioteki Ryazanskoi dukhovnoi seminarii”) for scientific use. The article is of interest for historians, library scientists, experts in the Russian charity history.

scholarly journals Facets of the cultural history of mathematics

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-497
Author(s):  
Hansjörg Geiges
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
History Of Mathematics ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Gothic Architecture ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Culture

This article highlights the position of mathematics within general culture at various stages of the development of Western civilization. Special emphasis is given to the role of mathematics in Greek philosophy, the influence of mathematics on Gothic architecture and the place of mathematics in 17th and 18th century society. Literary quotations illustrate the shifts in the view of mathematics in society.

Reading In/Between: Migrant Bodies, Latin American Translations

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Larkosh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
The West ◽  
National Cultures ◽  
Literary Community ◽  
Virgilio Pinera ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This essay examines the role of translation in the redefinition of the relationship between authors and their respective national cultures, and in continuing discussions of gender, sexuality, migration and cultural identity in translation studies. The translation of Witold Gombrowicz’s novel Ferdydurke from Polish into Spanish by Cuban author Virgilio Piñera and a Translation Committee, not only calls into question the conventional dichotomy of author and translator, but also creates a transnational literary community which questions a number of assumptions about the history of translation in the West, its complicity both in the construction of literary canonicity and the maintenance of the educational institution.

Land use and settlement history of the southern Inner Hebrides

1983 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 549-566
Author(s):  
Margaret C. Storrie
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Late Medieval Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century ◽  
River Valleys

SynopsisThe earliest evidence of prehistoric activity in Scotland comes from Jura. Most of Jura has been rather inimical to settlement, in comparison with other islands of the southern Inner Hebrides—Colonsay and Oronsay, Gigha and Cara, and Islay—all endowed with deposits more useful to man than Jura. Land use and settlement in these islands spread from the coasts into and up the river valleys until the first half of the19th century, after which they retreated. There have, however, been several waves of retreat and readvance.This paper assesses the present stage of research in the chronicle of these changes in the southern islands, pointing to some of the unanswered questions. The archaeological, onomastic and historical evidence is briefly examined against a slowly changing environment that has been relatively favourable, in a Hebridean context. Areal expansion, upward extension and intensified use of the land increased in momentum, with interruptions, after the late medieval period. The time of greatest change began just after the middle of the 18th century and lasted for another century.Elements of this change and its effects on settlement are discussed, using records and maps from private and official archives, topographic and other writings, and population and agrarian censuses. The important role of landlords, their agents and subsequent planners in instituting, and even containing, change is briefly assessed. In the southern Inner Hebrides an unusual, non-crofting landscape resulted: an estate, farming and sporting landscape, with, in the case of Islay, over a dozen industrial and service villages.The characteristic ‘Highland Problem’ of landscape and land use, increasingly ill-suited to the needs of later 19th and 20th century economy and society, has been less evident in these islands than in others in the Hebrides, although they now show disturbing trends. Present land use and settlement are briefly examined.

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