Review of the Current State and Future Development in Standardizing Natural Lighting in Interiors

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Darula
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Computer Tools ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Current State ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Window Design

Three elements mainly wind, water and sun seemed to determine in ancient ages the basic phenomena of life on Earth. Architectural history documented the importance of sun influence on urban and building construction already in layouts of Mesopotamian and Greek houses. Not only sun radiation but especially daylight played a significant role in the creation of indoor environment. Later, in the 20th century, a search of interaction between human life in buildings and natural conditions were studied considering well­being and energy conscious design recently using computer tools in complex research and more detail interdisciplinary solutions. At the same time the restricted daytime availability of natural light was supplemented by more efficient and continually cheaper artificial lighting of interiors. There are two main approaches to standardize the design and evaluation of indoor visual environment. The first is based on the determination of the minimum requirements respecting human health and visibility needs in all activities while the second emphasizes the behaviour and comfort of occupants in buildings considering year­around natural changes of physical quantities like light, temperature, noise and energy consumption. The new current standardization basis for daylight evaluation and window design criteria stimulate the study of methodology principles that historically were based on the overcast type of sky luminance pattern avoiding yearly availability of sky illuminance levels. New trends to base the daylight standardization on yearly or long­term availability of daylight are using the averages or median sky illuminance levels to characterise local climatological conditions. This paper offers the review and discussion about the principles of the natural light standardization with a short introduction to the history and current state, with a trial to focus on the possible development of lighting engineering and its standards in future.

KAJIAN KARAKTERISTIK PENCAHAYAAN BUATAN PADA BIOSKOP (STUDI KASUS : CINEMACITRA XXI,MALL CIPUTRA,KOTA SEMARANG)

MODUL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Nadiah Khamairah ◽  
Sri Hartuti Wahyuningrum
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Health Safety ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Natural Lighting

Architecture is a science that covers many areas of other scientific aspects. One aspect considered in architectural design is building utilities. Building utilities are the completeness of building facilities aimed at achieving the elements of comfort, health, safety, ease of communication and mobility in the building so that sustainability activity in the building can run with the best. One of the main aspects of building utilities is lighting. Lighting is divided into natural lighting and artificial lighting. Artificial Lighting is the lighting produced by a light source other than  natural light. Artificial lighting is necessary if the position of the room is difficult to achieve by natural lighting or when natural lighting is insufficient. This paper will be studied artificial lighting characteristic in cinema Citra XXI Semarang.is a space in certain locations which being owned by some societies and being use together with other societies in needs.

scholarly journals Analysis on Energy-saving Lighting Design of the Underground Construction

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Du ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Conduction System ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Underground Construction ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Natural Lighting

There are often no windows and lack of natural light in the most of underground space, so lighting design is the most basic for most underground architectural design. Natural lighting is not only for comfortable indoor energy-saving and healthy light environment, but also for the good indoor environment. We need to use natural light and artificial lighting conduction system to offset the lack of natural light and improve the effect of underground space of natural light.

scholarly journals The effects of natural light on measures of meat quality and adrenal responses to husbandry stressors in swine

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel J. Cook ◽  
John Chang ◽  
Robert Borg ◽  
Wayne Robertson ◽  
Allan L. Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Lighting Condition ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Major Factors

Two groups of pigs, born and housed under artificial and natural lighting, demonstrated increases in plasma and salivary cortisol levels at the time of weaning (day 24) and following handling and transport, indicating that these husbandry practices are stressful experiences for the animals. Piglets housed under natural light had a mean plasma cortisol response to weaning of 33.7%, compared with 47.9% for pigs in the artificial-lighting condition (P < 0.03). The relative percentage of eosinophils was reduced following weaning in both groups of pigs (P < 0.04). Salivary cortisol levels were significantly increased in response to handling and transport (P < 0.0001). Also, "basal" levels of salivary cortisol were lower in pigs exposed to natural lighting (P < 0.02) but no differences in the magnitude of the response to handling and transport were evident between different lighting conditions. Male pigs raised under artificial lighting had greater fat depth than those raised under natural light (P < 0.03) and a lower lean yield (P < 0.05). The longer photoperiod and full spectrum of natural light probably entrains the circadian rhythm of cortisol to an earlier clock time and are likely to be the major factors in differential cortisol concentrations between lighting conditions. Key words: Lighting, cortisol, saliva, pigs, stress, meat quality

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN CAHAYA ALAMI TERHADAP MEJA BACA DI PERPUSTAKAAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Masrokan Masrokan ◽  
Wahyu Setia Budi ◽  
Erni Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Reading Room ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Good Reading

Abstract: Humans in carrying out daily activities always need sunlight. Nature has provided an abundant source of energy, solar heat. Indonesia is on the equator very rich in energy from sunlight. Sunlight has not been used by humans and seems to be refused entry into the room. The reading room is one of the facilities in the library. The reading room requires adequate sunlight and a good reading table layout so that it can be used optimally when reading and writing. The purpose of this research is to improve visual comfort in the reading room so that natural light can enter the reading room optimally in accordance with the standard requirements of the reading room so that the reading room can be utilized optimally. Research using quantitative methods that are measuring the location of the level of natural lighting in the reading room by using measuring devices. This research is very important to be done to translate human desires in planning and designing a good reading room. The results of this study can explain that natural light can be optimally utilized in the reading room (reading table) in the library by using reflector material (directors of sunlight). Determination of access to sunlight both windows and other openings will affect the organization of space, dimensions and design of space.Keyword: Natural Light, Reading Room, LibraryAbstrak: Manusia dalam melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari selalu membutuhkan cahaya matahari. Alam telah menyediakan sumber energi berlimpah yaitu panas matahari. Indonesia berada di garis katulistiwa sangat kaya energi dari sinar matahari. Cahaya matahari belum banyak dimanfaatkan manusia dan seakan-akan ditolak masuk ke dalam ruangan. Ruang baca merupakan salah satu fasilitas pada perpustakaan. Ruang baca membutuhan cahaya matahari yang cukup dan tata letak meja baca yang baik agar dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal saat melakukan aktifitas membaca dan menulis. Tujuan penelitian adalah meningkatkan kenyamanan visual di ruang baca agar cahaya alami dapat masuk ke dalam ruang baca secara maksimal sesuai dengan kebutuhan standar ruang baca sehingga ruang baca dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif yaitu melakukan pengukuran dilokasi mengenai tingkat pencahayaan alami pada ruang baca dengan memakai alat ukur. Penelitian ini sangat penting dilakukan untuk menterjemahkan keinginan manusia dalam merencanakan dan merancang ruang baca yang baik. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat menjelaskan bahwa cahaya alami dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal pada ruang baca (meja baca) di perpustakaan dengan menggunakan bahan reflector (pengarah cahaya matahari). Penentuan akses cahaya matahari baik jendela maupun bukaan lainnya yang bisa mempengaruhi organisasi ruang, dimensi dan desain ruang.Kata Kunci: Cahaya Alami, Ruang Baca, Perpustakaan

scholarly journals The Architectural Analysis of the Illuminance Level in the Workspace, Using Natural and Artificial Lighting in Graha Pena Building in Makassar, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nurul Jamala ◽  
Ramli Rahim ◽  
Sharyzee Mohamad Shukri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Architectural Analysis ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Lighting Systems

Energy-efficient building design models are one of the factors that need to be considered in building planning. In the morning to evening, sunlight as a source of natural light can be used as a source of lighting in buildings. By utilizing natural light, it will reduce energy consumption in buildings. Air conditioning and lighting are important factors in designing energy efficient buildings. In this study, analyzing natural and artificial lighting at Graha Pena Makassar Building. The research method is quantitative by measuring and analyzing several workspaces that are directly and indirectly related to openings in the building envelope. statistical descriptive analysis, namely entering data into tables and graphs, then analyzing the level of illumination in the analyzed workspace. The research objective was to determine the level of illuminance in several workspaces with different orientations. How is the effect of natural light distribution on building orientation and how is the artificial lighting system at workspace in the Graha Pena Makassar. The results showed that the orientation of the building had an effect on the distribution of natural light into the space. The spatial orientation facing East has a higher distribution of natural light than that of the south. Workspaces that are not directly related to window openings in the building envelope are using artificial lighting systems in the form of lights. The workspace has uneven illumination levels in its work area, because the layout and placement of lighting points have not been well planned. The contribution of this research is a reference in designing a building facade design with an attractive appearance, and can maximize the use of solar energy as a source of natural lighting, while still paying attention to the visual comfort of space users.

scholarly journals Design schemes’ universalization in calculation of daylight factor under side and roof lighting system in buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 02031
Author(s):  
Sergey Stetsky ◽  
Kira Larionova
Keyword(s):  
Universal Design ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Design Formula ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
Overcast Sky

The article describes the methods of contemporary daylight factor’ (D.F.) design either with top or side natural lighting systems in buildings. The different methods of design, with different design formulas are based on preliminary determination of the type of lighting system used. But this division is rather conditional and not accurate. Sometimes the source of natural light (say, a window in a wall), which traditionally is judged as a source of a side light, is placed higher, than a monitor or skylight on a roof, which usually are determined as a sources of a top light. The same situation can be seen in determination of an angle of observation of a sky vault portion, observed from a design point within the premise considered. Thus, taking into account the above mentioned statements, one can assume, that with no strict division of external natural illumination under the overcast sky conditions, adopted as a basic theory in contemporary domestic «Codes and Regulations on Natural Lighting of Interiors», it is necessary to offer an universal design formula. This one should be based on standard formulas with respect to specific points, typical either to elements of window, monitor or skylight structures.

Influence of Transparent Partitions on Selected Energy Indicators of the Building Located in Central Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 1020 ◽  
pp. 579-584
Author(s):  
Adam Ujma ◽  
Anna Lis
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Natural Illumination ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Energy Indicators

The article discusses basic regulations and demands for windows and natural lighting. It presents results of analysis of lighting of the chosen interior space taking into consideration periods of exploitation of the artificial and natural illumination. The employment of glass of different light permeability were taken into consideration. Results of calculations were used for evaluating time of electric energy needed for artificial lighting in analyzed variants of natural light systems.

scholarly journals Analysis on Energy-saving Lighting Design of the Underground Construction

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fang Du ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Conduction System ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Underground Construction ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Natural Lighting

There are often no windows and lack of natural light in the most of underground space, so lighting design is the most basic for most underground architectural design. Natural lighting is not only for comfortable indoor energy-saving and healthy light environment, but also for the good indoor environment. We need to use natural light and artificial lighting conduction system to offset the lack of natural light and improve the effect of underground space of natural light.

scholarly journals Analisis Tingkat Pencahayaan Ruang Kuliah Dengan Memanfaatkan Pencahayaan Alami Dan Pencahayaan Buatanklorofil

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Seni H.J Tongkukut ◽  
As'ari -
Keyword(s):  
Illumination Level ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Lecture Room ◽  
Seminar Room

Telah dilakukan analisis  tingkat  pencahayaan ruang kuliah di Jurusan Fisika FMIPA Unsrat mencakup  empat  ruang perkuliahan masing-masing dengan menggunakan pencahayaan alami dan pencahayaan alami tambah pencahayaan buatan dari lampu fluorescent. Pengukuran tingkat pencahayaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan luksmeter  L200 dengan rancangan pengukuran mengikuti  SNI 16-7062-2004 untuk penerangan umum. Diperoleh hasil bahwa tingkat pencahayaan rata-rata maksimum ruang kuliah RK FIS 1, RK FIS 2, Ruang Seminar dan RK FIS 3 dengan sumber pencahayaan alami adalah 77 lux, 55 lux, 71 lux dan 128 lux. Pencahayaan dengan sumber alami yang ditambah pencahayaan buatan dari sumber lampu CFL  memberikan tingkat pencahayaan 128 lux, 166 lux, 138 lux dan 170 lux.  Nilai-nilai tersebut belum memenuhi standar pencahayaan 250 lux untuk ruang kuliah seperti yang direkomendasikan SNI.The analysis of the illumination level of the lecture rooms in the Department of Physics  at MIPA Faculty on Sam Ratulangi University have been carried. Four lecture rooms are investigated by using natural lighting and natural light plus artificial lighting from fluorescent lamps. Illumination level measurement is done by using luxmeter L200 with measurements design follow SNI 16-7062-2004 for general illumination. The results show that the average level of illumination maximum for lecture room RK FIS 1, RK FIS 2, Seminar Room and RK FIS 3 wih a source of natural lighting are 77 lux, 55 lux, 71 lux and 128 lux respectively. The Illumination with natural sources plus artificial lighting from CFL Lamps provide the illumination level of 128 lux,166 lux, 138 lux dan 170 lux, respectively. The illumination level value of the research do not meet the recommended SNI Standard of illumination 250 lux for the lecture room

scholarly journals Conception of a complex window design method

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 05018
Author(s):  
Arsenii Tikhomirov ◽  
Aleksandr Konstantinov ◽  
Ksenia Kurushkina ◽  
Maya Lambias Ratnayake
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Poor Ventilation ◽  
Window Design ◽  
Optimal Window

Windows are an essential part of almost every civil building. The existing approach for designing windows is based on ensuring minimum requirements to provide natural lighting functions, thermal protection, etc. This approach does not take into account the interrelationship of certain technical characteristics of windows (for example, heat and lighting characteristics). This leads to the appearance of typical problems at the stage of operating the building (insufficient day light, poor ventilation, etc.). In this work, an analysis of functional and technical requirements of windows of civil buildings was conducted. The review of modern researches of optimal window designs and interrelation of certain technical characteristics of window between themselves was conducted. On the basis of this analysis, the concept of a new complex window design method was proposed. This method is based on the fact that windows are both bearing and enclosing elements of the building. The use of this method will create the standard design solutions of windows for civil buildings of different functional purposes and different climatic areas of construction.

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