scholarly journals Elementary analysis in banana samples using X-Ray Fluorescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e565101119667
Author(s):  
Leandro de Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Hamilton Santos Gama Filho ◽  
Leandro da Conceição Luiz ◽  
Rafaela Tavares Batista ◽  
Douglas Santos Rodrigues Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Fluorescence Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Elemental Concentrations ◽  
Elementary Analysis ◽  
Portable Instruments ◽  
Time Of Harvest

This work aims to characterize the elemental concentrations of two banana types gold and silver. In both were analyze in the pulp and peel by X-Ray Fluorescence technique. The results showed that the elements in both types are more concentrated in the peel than in the pulp. In addition, it was also observed that the normalization of the peel and pulp concentrations for the elements K, Fe, Zn, Br, Rb, and Sr is higher in the silver banana compared to the gold banana. The results indicate that banana peels can be used to supplement nutritional deficiencies. The work also demonstrates the potential that X-Ray Fluorescence has in investigation of elemental composition of foods. As the technique has easy instrumentation and data interpretation, it can be implemented as a routine in the investigation of the elemental composition of foods. In addition, the technique has the advantage of carrying out in situ analyzes by portable instruments. These in situ investigations can even be applied to make quality control of bananas at the time of harvest.

Assaying Depleted Uranium in Bones In-Situ Using A Non-Invasive X-Ray Fluorescence Technique

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 595-599
Author(s):  
P. Bloch ◽  
I.M. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Depleted Uranium ◽  
The Body ◽  
Scattered Photon ◽  
Fluorescence Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract The occupational exposure to uranium associated with milling and fabrication of depleted uranium is presently assessed from bioassay of urine samples. The evaluation of the body-burden of uraninm from urine analysis has many difficulties and uncertainties associated with accounting for the bio-transport of inhaled uranium psrticles from the lungs, to absorption in the blood and excretion through the kidneys. The chemical toxicity of uranium and other transuranic elements is not fully understood, partially because of the difficulty of assessing the body burden of these metals in-situ. The transuranic elements are known to be deposited and retained in bone. A non-invasive X-ray fluorescence technique has been developed to assay the depleted uranium in bones in-situ. The K-shell electrons in uranium, which have a binding energy of 115.6 key are excited by the 122 and 136 keV gamma rays from a Co-57 source. A liquid N2 cooled intrinsic Ge-detector is employed to measure the characteristic K fluorescence from the uranium as well as the coherently scattered gamma raj's from the Co-57 source. The quantity of uranium in the bone is determined from the number of K fluorescence events extracted from the measured scattered photon spectrum. In addition, the bone mineral mass is determined from the number of coherently scattered gamma rays, permitting the assay of uranium to be expressed in terms of micrograms per unit mass bone. Using this system it was possible to measure molar concentrations of uranium with high precision and reproducibility.

Ultrastructural investigation of 12 Methanosarcinae and related species grown on methanol for occurrence of polyphosphatelike inclusions

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1190-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Scherer ◽  
H. -P. Bochem
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Methanosarcina Barkeri ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Boundary Membrane

A comparative investigation by electron microscopy of 12 strains and species belonging to the Methanosarcinaceae family of methanogenic bacteria revealed the existence of polyphosphatelike bodies during growth on methanol in an optimized medium. The Methanosarcina barkeri strains Fusaro, 227, and Wiesmoor, and M. vacuolata were found to contain smoothly marginated, polyphosphatelike inclusions. They were identified by a positive Neisser stain, by the absence of a boundary membrane, and by X-ray microanalysis in situ. They had a diameter of 0.15–0.25 µm and contained the elements Ca, P, and Fe, and sometimes Mg, S, and Cl. In addition to the polyphosphatelike bodies, coarse-looking electron-dense "granula" were observed in the cytoplasm of most of the strains. They had an average diameter of 30 nm and the same elemental composition as the polyphosphatelike bodies. As demonstrated for M. barkeri Fusaro, the "granula" were also present in cells grown in acetate and H2–CO2.

TWO YEAR STUDY OF ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS IN MEXICO CITY

1991 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 373-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. ALDAPE ◽  
J. FLORBS M. ◽  
R. V. DIAZ ◽  
J. MIRANDA ◽  
T. A. CAHILL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Airborne Particulates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Anthropogenic Origin ◽  
Elemental Concentrations ◽  
Time Periods

As the second part of a wide project, we have carried out a study of airborne particulates in Mexico City, collected during two time periods (from 7:00 to 11:00, and from 11:00 to 15:00 Hrs.), one day of every week between March 1988 and February 1990. Elemental concentrations were determined by Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) for elements Na to Pb, while soot content was measured by means of Laser Integrating Plate Method (LIPM). As expected, the concentrations show an increase during the months October to March, due to frequent thermal inversions and dry weather. Moreover, the pollutant levels are higher during earlier hours, while the soil and anthropogenic origin of the elements can be better determined for the mid-day period, as seen from the grouping in the respective dendograms.

scholarly journals ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE ANCIENT BRONZE COINS BY X-RAY FLUORESCENCE TECHNIQUE USING SIMULTANEOUSLY RADIOISOTOPE SOURCE AND X-RAY TUBE

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
NGUYEN THE QUYNH ◽  
TRUONG THI AN ◽  
TRAN DUC THIEP ◽  
NGUYEN DINH CHIEN ◽  
DAO TRAN CAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Fluorescence Technique ◽  
Interesting Point ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radioisotope Source ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometer ◽  
The 19Th Century

The results on elemental analysis of the vietnamese ancient bronze coins during the time of the Nguyen dynasty (19th century) are presented. The samples were provided by the Vietnam National Historical Museum and the elemental analysis was performed on the home-made model EDS-XT-99-01 X-ray fluorescence spectrometer in the Institute of Materials Science, NCST of Vietnam. The samples exited simultaneously by radioisotope source and X-ray tube. The analytical results show the similarity in the elemental composition of the coins issued by different kings of the Nguyen dynasty, but there is the difference in the concentration of the used elements. Another interesting point is that all the coins have zinc (Zn) in their composition, which shows clearly the influence of the occidental metallurgical technology on the money-making technique in Vietnam during the 19th century.

In-situ microscale through-silicon via strain measurements by synchrotron x-ray microdiffraction exploring the physics behind data interpretation

2014 ◽  
Vol 105 (11) ◽  
pp. 112109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Liu ◽  
Paragkumar A. Thadesar ◽  
Christine L. Taylor ◽  
Hanju Oh ◽  
Martin Kunz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Through Silicon Via ◽  
Strain Measurements ◽  
X Ray

X-ray microanalysis of airway surface liquid in the mouse

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (5) ◽  
pp. L874-L878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inna Kozlova ◽  
Harriet Nilsson ◽  
Mia Phillipson ◽  
Brigitte Riederer ◽  
Ursula Seidler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Airway Surface Liquid ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Liquid ◽  
Bead Method ◽  
Range Of Values

The ionic composition of airway surface liquid (ASL) has been debated, and, in particular for the mouse, a wide range of values has been published. Two techniques were developed to measure the elemental composition of the ASL. X-ray microanalysis of ASL was carried out at low temperature on trachea removed from isoflurane-anesthetized animals and shock-frozen. In the second technique, dextran beads were placed on top of the epithelium of the trachea removed from pentobarbital-anesthetized animals, left to equilibrate with the ASL, dried, and subjected to X-ray microanalysis. Both techniques showed that mouse tracheal ASL has significantly lower concentrations of Na and Cl (∼60–80 mM) than serum. Differences between the two techniques were due to different sampling of mucus. CFTR(−/−) mice had significantly higher concentrations of Na and Cl in their ASL than age-matched controls. Pilocarpine or isoproterenol stimulation significantly reduced the ion concentrations in tracheal ASL. ASL was also collected with the dextran bead method from the nasal cavity in situ in pentobarbital-anesthetized animals. In control animals, the elemental composition of nasal fluid was similar to that of tracheal ASL. Pilocarpine stimulation caused a significant increase in Na, Cl, and K; stimulation with isoproterenol or phenylephrine caused a significant increase only in K. It is concluded that mouse ASL under unstimulated conditions is hypotonic, which may be related to the relative paucity of submucosal glands in the mouse trachea.

In situ metal mirror cryofixation of rat kidney for electron probe x-ray microanalysis

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
Craig C. Freudenrich ◽  
Daniel Hockett ◽  
Kerri Winter ◽  
Peter Ingram ◽  
Ann LeFurgey
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Intact Tissue ◽  
Subcellular Compartments ◽  
Excellent Preservation

Many studies of proximal tubule function require information about the elemental composition in subcellular compartments that can be obtained by electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPXMA). While experiments of this type have been performed on isolated proximal tubule preparations, it is also necessary to conduct parallel experiments on intact tissue to verify those results obtained with isolated tubules. One limitation in conducting EPXMA analysis on whole tissue is obtaining adequately cryopreserved tissue. Metal mirror cryofixation techniques have yielded excellent preservation in dissected tissues or cell cultures. Therefore, experiments were performed to assess the efficacy of in situ metal minor fixation of the intact rat kidney.

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