scholarly journals Effect of dry needling on the variability of cardiac frequency in university members with temporomandibular dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e49510515198
Author(s):  
Guilherme Pertinni de Morais Gouveia ◽  
Vinicius Ribeiro dos Santos ◽  
Felipe Andrade de Oliveira ◽  
Elisson de Sousa Mesquita Silva
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
University Students ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
High Frequency Component ◽  
Dry Needling ◽  
Constant Increase ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

Introduction: Despite the existence of some theories about the effect of Dry Needling on pain, there is still a lack of research using this technique in the treatment of temporomandibular disorder and its repercussions on the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, the aim was to analyze the effect of Dry Needling on the autonomic modulation of university students with temporomandibular disorders. Methods: This is an interventional, inferential study, carried out with university students with temporomandibular disorders. A frequency meter was used before, during, and after the application of the dry needle to verify its short and medium term effect on the autonomic nervous system. For statistical analysis, the ANOVA test was used. Results: Twenty volunteers with an average age of 21.3 years took part in the study, most of them male (65%). When the rMSSD and pNN50 indexes were analyzed, an increase was observed during dry needling (p = 0.701 and 0.452, respectively). However, after application, these indices fell, remaining above the base values. However, the triangular RR and TINN indices showed a constant increase during collection (p = 0.578 and 0.613, respectively). The high frequency component increased during the technique (p = 0.860), but the same did not happen with the low frequency component (p = 0.693), which suffered a constant increase, even with minor variation. Conclusion: The effect of this technique promotes the improvement of the heart rate variability values, maintaining the balance of the autonomic nervous system without generating cardiovascular risks, and its effects were immediate and lasting.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Variability Using The Analgesia Nociception Index as A Predictor of Illness Severity and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Aragón-Benedí ◽  
Pablo Oliver-Forniés ◽  
Felice Galluccio ◽  
Ece Yamak Altinpulluk ◽  
Tolga Ergonenc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
High Frequency Component ◽  
Autonomic Nervous

Abstract Introduction A balance between the autonomic nervous system and the immune system against SARS-COV-2 is critical in the resolution of its severe macrophage proinflammatory activation. To demonstrate that most severely ill COVID-19 patients will show a depletion of the sympathetic nervous system and a predominance of parasympathetic tone. We hypothesized that a low energy of an autonomic nervous system and a high level of the high frequency component of heart rate variability may be related to the number of proinflammatory cytokines and could have a predictive value in terms of severity and mortality in critically ill patients suffering from COVID-19; Materials and Methods Single-centre, prospective, observational pilot study which included COVID-19 patients admitted to the Surgical Intensive Care Unit. High frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability (HRV) and energy of the autonomic nervous system were recorded using analgesia nociception index monitor (ANI). To estimate the severity and mortality we used the SOFA score and the date of discharge or date of death.Results A total of fourteen patients were finally included in the study. High-frequency component of heart rate variability (ANIm) were higher in the non-survivor group (p = 0.003) and were correlated with higher IL-6 levels (p = 0.002) Energy was inversely correlated with SOFA (p = 0.029). Limit value at 80 of ANIm, predicted mortalities with the sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 85.7%. In the case of energy, a limit value of 0.41 predicted mortality with all predictive values of 71.4%.Conclusion The different components of the spectral analysis of HRV allow us to infer the association between the autonomic nervous system and critically ill patients’ immune system. A low autonomic nervous system activity and a predominance of the parasympathetic system due to sympathetic depletion in patients are associated with a worse prognosis and higher mortality.

scholarly journals Heart rate variability changes in mild-symptomatic, physically fit male in 4-6 weeks from the end of SARS-Cov-2 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Soliński ◽  
Agnieszka Pawlak ◽  
Monika Petelczyc ◽  
Teodor Buchner ◽  
Joanna Aftyka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Respiratory Rhythm ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Control Male ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Male Subjects

Abstract SARS-Cov-2 infection, due to inflammation processes, can affect autonomic nervous system and heart rate variability (HRV) even after disease. Previous studies showed significant changes in HRV parameters in severe (including fatal) infection of SARS-Cov-2. However, HRV analysis for the asymptomatic or mild-symptomatic Covid-19 patients have not been reported. In this study, we suggested that there is an influence of a SARS-Cov-2 infection on the HRV in such patients after weeks form disease.Sixty-five ECG Holter recordings from young (mean age 22.6 ± 3.4 years), physically fit male subjects after 4-6 weeks from the second negative test (considered to be the beginning of recovery) and twenty-six control male subjects (mean age 23.2 ± 2.9 years) were considered in the study. Night-time RR time series were extracted from ECG signals. Selected linear, frequency as well as nonlinear HRV parameters were calculated. We found significant differences in Porta’s symbolic analysis parameters V0 and V2 (p<0.001), α2 (p<0.001), very low frequency component (VLF; p=0.022), and respiratory peak (from PRSA method; p=0.012). These differences may be caused by the changes of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system as well as by the coupling of respiratory rhythm with heart rate due to an increase in pulmonary arterial vascular resistance.The results suggest that the changes in the HRV, thus autonomic nervous system, are measurable after a few weeks from the beginning of the recovery even in the post-Covid group of young and physically active population. We indicated HRV sensitive markers which could be used in the long-term monitoring of recovered patients.

Transfer function analysis of ventilatory influence on systemic arterial pressure in the rat

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (5) ◽  
pp. H2108-H2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Kuo ◽  
C. C. Yang ◽  
S. H. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Systemic Arterial Pressure ◽  
High Frequency Component ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Respiratory Pumping ◽  
Bilateral Vagotomy

We evaluated the hypothesis that fluctuations in systemic arterial pressure (SAP) are under the influence of the respiratory pumping mechanism subjected to a modulatory action by the autonomic nervous system that is exerted primarily on the heart. Computer-generated broad-band mechanical ventilation (0-3 Hz) was applied to Sprague-Dawley rats that were anesthetized with ketamine and paralyzed with pancuronium. We observed excellent coherence between lung volume and SAP signals at ventilatory rates between 0.5 and 2.5 Hz; this coherence was unaffected by phentolamine, propranolol, atropine, bilateral vagotomy, or ventilatory stroke volume at 2-4 ml. Whereas bilateral vagotomy exerted no discernible effect, propranolol elicited a significant frequency-dependent (0.5-1.5 Hz) reduction in the magnitude of lung volume-SAP and lung volume-pulse pressure transfer functions. There was also a shift toward 0 degree for the phase of the lung volume-SAP transfer function over the same frequency range. We conclude that the high-frequency component (0.8-2.4 Hz) of the SAP spectrum may be generated by the respiratory pumping mechanism. However, the lower-frequency end of this mechanical influence is subjected to additional amplification by the autonomic nervous system, in which the beta-adrenergic system played a major role via its influence on the heart.

scholarly journals Brain Responses in CFS and TMD to Autonomic Challenges: An Exploratory fMRI Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
Q.C. Vuong ◽  
J.R. Allison ◽  
A. Finkelmeyer ◽  
J. Newton ◽  
J. Durham
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Autonomic Functions ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Brain Responses

Introduction: Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is seen in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Both conditions have poorly understood pathophysiology. Several brain structures that play a role in pain and fatigue, such as the insular cortex and basal ganglia, are also implicated in autonomic function. Objectives: ANS dysfunction may point to common neurophysiologic mechanisms underlying the predominant symptoms for CFS and TMD. No studies to date have investigated the combination of both conditions. Thus, our aim was to test whether patients with CFS with or without TMD show differences in brain responses to autonomic challenges. Methods: In this exploratory functional imaging study, patients with CFS who screened positive for TMD (n = 26), patients who screened negative for TMD (n = 16), and age-matched control participants (n = 10) performed the Valsalva maneuver while in a 3-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. This maneuver is known to activate the ANS. Results: For all 3 groups, whole-brain F test showed increased brain activation during the maneuver in the superior and inferior frontal gyri, the left and right putamen and thalamus, and the insular cortex. Furthermore, group contrasts with small-volume correction showed that patients with CFS who screened positive for TMD showed greater activity in the left insular cortex as compared with patients who screened negative and in the left caudate nucleus as compared with controls. Conclusion: Our results suggest that increased activity in the cortical and subcortical regions observed during autonomic challenges may be modulated by fatigue and pain. ANS dysfunction may be a contributing factor to these findings, and further work is required to tease apart the complex relationship among CFS, TMD, and autonomic functions. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Brain activity related to activation of the autonomic nervous system in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome who screened positive for painful temporomandibular disorder was greater than in patients who screened negative; activity was seen in brain regions associated with autonomic functions and pain. These findings suggest that autonomic dysfunction may play a role in the pathophysiology of both conditions, explain some of the apparent comorbidity between them, and offer avenues to help with treatment.

Baseline heart rate variability in healthy centenarians: differences compared with aged subjects (>75 years old)

1999 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe PAOLISSO ◽  
Daniela MANZELLA ◽  
Michelangela BARBIERI ◽  
Maria Rosaria RIZZO ◽  
Antonio GAMBARDELLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Nervous System Activity ◽  
Aged Subjects ◽  
Normalized Units

Healthy centenarians have better anthropometric, endocrine, metabolic and immunological parameters than aged subjects (> 75 years old). Heart rate variability (HRV) has been demonstrated to be a good index of the cardiac autonomic nervous system. It is not known whether there are any differences in cardiac autonomic nervous system activity between aged subjects and healthy centenarians. It is possible that differences in cardiac autonomic nervous system activity could represent one of a cluster of factors explaining the extreme survival of centenarians. Thus we aimed to answer the following question: is there any difference in baseline HRV parameters between aged subjects and healthy centenarians? Therefore power spectral analysis of HRV at baseline was investigated in 25 aged subjects (age ⩾ 75 years) and 30 healthy centenarians (age ⩾ 100 years). Anthropometric measurements were made in all subjects, fasting blood samples were drawn for metabolite determinations, and HRV was determined. Independent of age, gender, body mass index and fasting plasma noradrenaline and free 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine concentrations, healthy centenarians had lower basal values for total power (1318±546 compared with 1918±818 ms2; P< 0.01) and the low-frequency component (33±21 compared with 50±11 normalized units; P< 0.03) and a higher value for the high-frequency component (77±15 compared with 61±18 normalized units; P< 0.05) than aged subjects. Consequently, the low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (0.43±0.07 compared with 0.91±0.05; P< 0.02) was also lower in the healthy centenarians than in the aged subjects. Our study demonstrates that the basal low-frequency/high-frequency ratio, an indirect index of cardiac sympathovagal balance, is lower in healthy centenarians than in aged subjects.

scholarly journals Autonomic Nervous System Responses to Whole-Body Vibration and Mental Workload: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-184
Author(s):  
Hamed Jalilian ◽  
Zahra Zamanian ◽  
Omid Gorjizadeh ◽  
Shahrzad Riaei ◽  
Mohammad Reza Monazzam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Rr Interval ◽  
The Mean

Background: Whole-body vibration (WBV) and mental workload (MWL) are common stressors among drivers who attempt to control numerous variables while driving a car, bus, or train. Objective: To examine the individual and combined effects of the WBV and MWL on the autonomic nervous system. Methods: ECG of 24 healthy male students was recorded using NeXus-4 while performing two difficulty levels of a computerized dual task and when they were exposing to WBV (intensity 0.5 m/s2; frequency 3–20 Hz). Each condition was examined for 5 min individually and combined. Inter-beat intervals were extracted from ECG records. The time-domain and frequency-domain heart rate variability parameters were then extracted from the inter-beat intervals data. Results: A significant (p=0.008) increase was observed in the mean RR interval while the participants were exposed to WBV; there was a significant (p=0.02) reduction in the mean RR interval while the participants were performing the MWL. WBV (p=0.02) and MWL significantly (p<0.001) increased the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals with a moderate-to-large effect size. All active periods increased the low-frequency component and low-frequency/high-frequency ratio. However, only the WBV significantly increased the highfrequency component. A significant (p=0.01) interaction was observed between the WBV and MWL on low-frequency component and low-frequency/high-frequency ratio. Conclusion: Exposure to WBV and MWL can dysregulate the autonomic nervous system. WBV stimulates both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system; MWL largely affects sympathetic nervous system. Both variables imbalance the sympatho-vagal control as well.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Mindfulness-Based Education Program on Brain Waves and the Autonomic Nervous System in University Students

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1606
Author(s):  
Mijung Jung ◽  
Mikyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
University Students ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Brain Waves ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Mindfulness, defined as the awareness emerging from purposefully paying attention to the present moment, has been shown to be effective in reducing stress and, thus, promoting psychological well-being. This study investigated the effects of a mindfulness-based education program on mindfulness, brain waves, and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in university students in Korea. Methods: This study is a quantitative and experimental research with a single-group pre-post design. Six sessions of mindfulness-based intervention were applied. In total, 42 students completed a mindfulness questionnaire before and after the intervention, and 28 among them completed pre-intervention and post-intervention measures of brain waves and ANS. Results: The level of mindfulness increased in the participants after intervention. Regarding brain waves, the alpha and theta waves increased, but the beta waves decreased. There was no significant difference in the ANS, presenting no change in heart rate variability. Conclusions: We identified the positive effects of the mindfulness-based education program for university students. The findings indicate that this program may help students not only relax, but also generate a mindfulness state in stressful situations, potentially leading to a successful university life. This study can be used as a basis for quality improvement and sustainability of mindfulness-based education programs for university students.

scholarly journals Immediate Effects of Dry Needling on the Autonomic Nervous System and Mechanical Hyperalgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6018
Author(s):  
Irene Lázaro-Navas ◽  
Cristina Lorenzo-Sánchez-Aguilera ◽  
Daniel Pecos-Martín ◽  
Jose Jesús Jiménez-Rejano ◽  
Marcos Jose Navarro-Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mechanical Hyperalgesia ◽  
Dry Needling ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

Background: Dry needling (DN) is often used for the treatment of muscle pain among physiotherapists. However, little is known about the mechanisms of action by which its effects are generated. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to determine if the use of DN in healthy subjects activates the sympathetic nervous system, thus resulting in a decrease in pain caused by stress. Methods: Sixty-five healthy volunteer subjects were recruited from the University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain, with an age of 27.78 (SD = 8.41) years. The participants were randomly assigned to participate in a group with deep DN in the adductor pollicis muscle or a placebo needling group. The autonomic nervous system was evaluated, in addition to local and remote mechanical hyperalgesia. Results: In a comparison of the moment at which the needling intervention was carried out with the baseline, the heart rate of the dry needling group significantly increased by 20.60% (SE = 2.88), whereas that of the placebo group increased by 5.33% (SE = 2.32) (p = 0.001, d = 1.02). The pressure pain threshold showed significant differences between both groups, being significantly higher in the needling group (adductor muscle p = 0.001; d = 0.85; anterior tibialis muscle p = 0.022, d = 0.58). Conclusions: This work appears to indicate that dry needling produces an immediate activation in the sympathetic nervous system, improving local and distant mechanical hyperalgesia.

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