scholarly journals Evaluation of reproduction technique of bitemarks printed in chewing gum for human identification

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e40391211177
Author(s):  
Maria Isabel de Oliveira e Britto Villalobos ◽  
Marta Regina Pinheiro Flores ◽  
Rodrigo Galo ◽  
Antônio Castelo Branco ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Alves da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Plaster Mold ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
Forensic Investigations

Forensic Odontology is the science that correlates dental and legal principles, used for processes such as human identification. One of the possible acting fields for Forensic Odontologists is the analysis and study of patterns and injuries created by human bite marks. This study aimed to show the applicability of dental marks printed in chewing gum for human identification in forensic investigations. A transversal observational study was carried out. The data was collected from 20 volunteers over 18 years old. Each subject had their upper and lower dental casts and was asked to chew a piece of gum for one minute. The pieces of chewing gum were refrigerated at -20ºC for a week, and reproduced with addition and condensation silicones using an adapted reproduction technique. The analysis of the chewing gum was made by overlays. The ANOVA test showed no significant differences on width and length between the pieces of chewing gum and their reproductions (greatest width p=0.918, and the length p=0.981). The analysis of the reproductions with plaster mold showed that there was no difference when using addition silicone or condensation silicone. During the analysis, various suspects could be excluded from the investigation (up to 11, depending on the technique used), but it was not possible to confirm one of them as the main suspect. The study showed that the reproduction technique of chewing gum is efficient, viable and easily performed; and can be used in cases of human identification in forensic investigations. However, it is necessary to certify that the chewing gum effectively presents a bite mark and that it is correctly handled to avoid alterations. It also became evident that the process of refrigeration is essential for the analysis proposed in this study.

scholarly journals Análise métrica das marcas de mordidas impressas em alimentos acondicionados em diferentes temperaturas: perspectivas periciais de um estudo piloto

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cléa Adas Saliba Garbin ◽  
Jeidson Antônio Morais Marques ◽  
Naiana de Melo Belila ◽  
Artênio José Ísper Garbin
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Statistical Evidence ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Forensic Dentistry ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Reference Manual

Introdução: Existe uma área significativa de estudos e análises no campo da Odontologia Forense, que é o reconhecimento e a interpretação de sinais e lesões produzidas por mordidas humanas, que podem ser observadas tanto na pele como em alimentos. Objetivo: Avaliar a técnica da análise métrica das impressões dentárias em alimentos utilizados como prova pericial, bem como a melhor forma de conservação desses alimentos mordidos de acordo com a variação de temperatura e a influência do tempo para a identificação do autor. Metodologia: Estudo do tipo duplo-cego. Realizou-se um sorteio, obtendo uma amostra de quatro indivíduos. Para cada um, foi solicitado que mordesse uma barra de chocolate e uma goma de mascar, usando apenas os dentes anteriores. Os alimentos coletados foram divididos em 2 grupos e acondicionados em recipientes plásticos hermeticamente fechados, sob temperaturas de 4°C e o outro sob -10°C. Com o uso de um paquímetro digital, realizaram-se mensurações das marcas impressas nos alimentos a cada três meses, durante um ano. Resultados: As marcas equivalentes a cada dente por meio da Análise Métrica verificada a cada três meses, não apresentaram variações significativas (p>0,05). Apesar das diferentes temperaturas estudadas e do tempo transcorrido, as proporções foram mantidas, não comprometendo a investigação e possibilitando a identificação dos autores com 100% de êxito. Conclusão: A técnica da análise métrica das impressões dentárias em alimentos e o acondicionamento a baixas temperaturas, mesmo após o tempo de um ano transcorrido, preservou as proporções entre as marcas desejadas por cada dente.Descritores: Odontologia Legal; Violência; Prova Pericial.ReferênciasGalvão LCC. Estudos médicos legais. Porto Alegre: Sagra;1996.Amorim HPL, Melo BMS, Musse JO, Silva MLCA, Costa COM, Marques JAM. Levantamento de marcas de mordidas humanas em vítimas de violência periciadas no Instituto Médico Legal de Feira de Santana-BA, entre 2007 e 2014. Arq Odontol. 2016;52(3):165-74.Coutinho CGV, Ferreira CA, Queiroz LR, Gomes LO, Silva UA. O papel do odontolegista nas perícias criminais. RFO UPF. 2013;18(2):217-23.Nascimento MM, Sarmento VA, Beal VE, Galvão LCC, Marques JAM. Identificação de indivíduos por meio das marcas de mordida em alimentos utilizando a engenharia reversa e a prototipagem rápida: caso simulado. Arq Odontol. 2012;48(3):134-41.American Board of Forensic Odontology, Inc. Diplomates Reference Manual Section I: Preface, Acknowledgments, Background, Functions & Purposes. March 2017 Edition.Pretty IA, Hall RC. Forensic dentistry and human bite marks: issues for doctors. Hosp Med. 2002;63(8):476-82.Goetten FS. Avaliação de lesões corporais em vítimas de mordeduras: uma revisão da literatura. Rev Bras Crimin. 2014;3(2):41-5.Melani RFH. Marcas de mordidas. In: Silva M. Compêndio de Odontologia Legal. São Paulo: Medis;1997.França G. Medicina Legal. 7. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan;2004.Garbin CAS, Lima TJV, Garbin AJI, Rovida TAS, Saliba O. Conhecimento e percepção dos educadores do ensino infantil sobre violência. Ciência Plural. 2015;1(2):37-47.Wright FD, Dailey JC. Human bite marks in forensic dentistry. Dent Clin North Am. 2001;45(2):365-97.Santos KRR, Pereira PZ. Verificação do potencial de atuação do cirurgião-dentista nas necrópsias realizadas pelo imol de campo grande (MS). RBOL. 2017;4(1):46-52.Carvalho CM, Nazar RJ, Moreira AMC, Bouchardet FCH. Identificação humana pelo exame da arcada dentária. Relato de caso. Arq bras odontol. 2008;4(21):67-9.Rawson RD, Ommen RK, Kinard G, Johnson J, Yfantis A. Statistical evidence for the individuality of the humam dentition. J Forensic Sci. 1984;29(1):245-53.Bush AM, Bush PJ, Sheets HD. Statistical Evidence for the Similarity of the Human Dentition. Journal of forensic sciences, 2011;56(1):118-23.Nambiar P, Carson G, Taylor JA, Brown KA. Identification from a bitemark in a wad of chewing gum. J Forensic Odonto-Stomatol. 2001;19(1):5-8.Oliveira DCA, Simões PS, Marques JAM, Galvão LCC, Oliveira RN, Musse JO. Avaliação de marcas de mordidas em alimentos produzidas por próteses dentárias. Arq Odontol. 2010;46(1):38-42.Marques JAM, Galvão LCC, Silva M. Marcas de mordidas. Feira de Santana: Universidade Estadual Feira de Santana;2007.Nascimento M, Sarmento VA, Beal VE, Galvão LCC, Marques JAM. Identificação de indivíduos por meio das marcas de mordida em alimentos utilizando a engenharia reversa e a prototipagem rápida: caso simulado. Arq Odontol. 2012;48(3):134-41.Figueira Júnior E, Moura LCL. A importância dos arcos dentários na identificação humana. Rev bras Odontol. 2014;71(1):22-7.

scholarly journals USE OF BITEMARKS FOR HUMAN IDENTIFICATION BY USING INTER-CANINE DISTANCE AND MESIO-DISTAL WIDTH OF MAXILLARY INCISORS.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Sargam R. Parate ◽  
Aayushi Chauhan ◽  
Ashish Bodhade ◽  
Alka Dive
Keyword(s):  
Human Identification ◽  
The Body ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
The Third ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Food Particles ◽  
Maxillary Incisors

Aim: to determine the use of bite marks for human identification by using inter- canine distance and mesio-distal width of maxillary incisors. Introduction: Odontogenic evidence is considered to be the third most precise method of identification of human in forensic sciences. Bite-marks on the body are intentionally made, those found on food particles are usually impractically left by the offender at the scene of crime, these marks are of great importance in identification of the offender. The present study was aimed to determine the use of bitemarks for human identification by using inter-canine distance and mesio-distal width of the maxillary incisors. Materials and Methods: 40 consenting volunteers were included in the study. With the help of autoclaved Vernier calliper, the inter-canine distance and mesio-distal width of maxillary incisors were measured and bite on chocolate (CADBURY 5Star) was taken. Using Vernier calliper, Inter-canine distance and Mesio-distal width (2 maxillary central and 2 lateral incisors), were measured from the bite mark. Both measurements obtained were coded and matching was done by two doubly blinded examiners. Results: The probability of correct identification on the basis of IC distance and MD width obtained from bite-marks is 68.35%. The average proportion of correct matching is 0.78 for IC distance measurement and 0.46 for MD width. Conclusion: Metric method can be used for human identification by using bite-mark. IC distance is more reliable and efficient in human identification than MD width.

scholarly journals Forensic odontology, part 4. Human bite marks

BDJ ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 210 (8) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hinchliffe
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Bite Marks

Reliability of the Scoring System of the American Board of Forensic Odontology for Human Bite Marks

1986 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 11903J ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond D. Rawson ◽  
Gerald L. Vale ◽  
Norman D. Sperber ◽  
Edward E. Herschaft ◽  
Angelo Yfantis
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Bite Marks

scholarly journals A Novel Computer-Assisted Method of Bite Mark Analysis for Gender Determination

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirban Maji ◽  
Tanya Khaitan ◽  
Rupam Sinha ◽  
Soumyabrata Sarkar ◽  
Pratik Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dental Evidence ◽  
Intercanine Distance

Background. Bite mark analysis is an imperative area of forensic odontology and considered the commonest form of dental evidence presented in the criminal court. The process of comparing bite marks with a suspect’s dentition includes analysis and measurement of shape, size, and position of an individual’s teeth. The present study was aimed to evaluate the bite marks of males and females using a novel indirect computer-assisted method and explicate its application in forensic odontology. Materials and methods. 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females) with normal occlusion were included in the present study. Bite registrations were obtained with help of modelling waxes, and positive replicas were prepared with dental stone and barium powder. Intraoral periapical radiographs were taken for the same. The radiographs obtained were scanned and analyzed by measuring tools using Sidexis Next Generation software. Intercanine distance (ICD), line AB, angle ABX, and angle ABY were measured. The Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to compare the bite marks of males and females. Results. The mean ICD of males and females was found to be 32.95 mm and 29.84 mm, respectively, and was statistically highly significant with a p value <0.001. The mean ICD, line AB, and angle ABX were found to be higher in males when compared to females. Conclusion. Analysis of bite marks using this novel computer-assisted method is a simple, reliable, easily reproducible, and economical technique with confidentiality of the identity of the participants involved.

scholarly journals Acquaintance of bite mark identification procedures in Forensic Odontology

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuti Malinda ◽  
Dewi Zakiawati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
High Level ◽  
Degrees Of Severity

Introduction: Bite mark analysis casework strives to connect a biter to the teeth pattern present on the object linked in some way to crime or event. This analysis requiring an immediate response by the forensic odontologist since the marks fade rapidly in the living and the dead in a matter of hours. The aim of this article is to help the dentist to know and understand the procedures of bite mark identification in forensic odontology field. Literature review: Bite marks may be present the following situations, a fight between adults or children, a part of sexual or physical assault by adult on children, a rape, and homosexual activities. The marks can be single or multiple, varying degrees of severity from mild marking of the tissue to deep perforation, varying location may be found on breast, face/ head, abdomen, shoulder, upper extremity, buttocks, female genitalia, male genitalia, legs, ear, nose and neck. Discussion: Dentist should master the bite mark analysis procedures. When the suspect has been recognized, the first thing to do is swabbing the oral mucosa, and then taking photographs. The next steps are preparing to take impression, and always taking notes about the procedure and the result. A soon as all the documents are completed, do the matching procedures. Delay examination will cause the lost of valuable evidence. Conclution: Dentist should carefully determine the conclusion among these possibilities , the mark is “possible biter”, “probable biter”, or “with a high level of confidence, is the biter”

scholarly journals Erratum to: The individualisation of a dog bite mark: a case study highlighting the bite mark analysis, with emphasis on differences between dog and human bite marks

2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 1187-1188
Author(s):  
Herman Bernitz ◽  
Zephné Bernitz ◽  
Gerhard Steenkamp ◽  
Ryan Blumenthal ◽  
Gerrit Stols
Keyword(s):  
Dog Bite ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark

The individualisation of a dog bite mark: a case study highlighting the bite mark analysis, with emphasis on differences between dog and human bite marks

2011 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Bernitz ◽  
Zephné Bernitz ◽  
Gerhard Steenkamp ◽  
Ryan Blumenthal ◽  
Gerrit Stols
Keyword(s):  
Dog Bite ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark

scholarly journals Analisis Jejas Gigitan pada Kasus Forensik Klinik

e-GIGI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark

Abstract: Examination of bite mark is one form of dental assistance for the enforcement of justice. A dentist can examine bite mark or be asked his/her expert assessment of bite mark that has been recorded by another dentist. The source of bite marks, the substrate onto which they are generated, and the technique of lifting the bite imprints serve as important tools in analysis. This study was aimed to obtain mengetahui seberapa besar analisis jejas gigitan dapat mengungkapkan pelaku. This was a retrospective and descriptive study, using clinical forensic data from RS Bhayangkara Tingkat III in Manado from January 2015 to December 2019. This study used 2,197 clinical forensic cases data, of which there were 34 cases with bite marks. The most common bite sites were found in the arms (23.4%) and the least locations were found on the cheeks and neck (0.2%). There were 85.29% of bite marks that could be matched with suspected tooth molds. In conclusion, as many as 85.29% of bite marks in this study could be matched with suspected tooth molds. Albeit, mismatch of tooth patterns is not automatically removed somebody from the suspect list. Determinant variables such as the location of bite mark, movement of the jaw or part of the body bitten, and the process of inflammation in the body of the victim must be used as material for analysis in identifying the perpetrators.Keywords: bite mark, forensic odontology, identification of suspect Abstrak: Pemeriksaan jejas gigi (bite mark) merupakan salah satu bentuk bantuan dokter gigi bagi penegakan keadilan. Seorang dokter gigi dapat diminta melakukan pemeriksaan dan analisis jejas gigi atau diminta untuk memberikan keterangan ahli tentang jejas gigi yang telah diperoleh dokter gigi lain. Sumber bekas gigitan, media yang digunakan untuk mendokumen-tasikan dan teknik mentransfer bekas gigitan berfungsi sebagai alat penting dalam analisis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar analisis jejas gigitan dapat mengungkapkan pelaku. Jenis penelitian ini ialah deskriptif retrospektif, menggunakan data forensik klinik dari RS Bhayangkara tingkat III Manado pada rentang tahun 2015-2019. Pada penelitian ini digunakan data dari 2197 kasus forensik klinik; diantaranya terdapat 34 kasus dengan jejas gigitan (bite mark). Lokasi jejas gigitan terbanyak ditemukan pada lengan (23,4%) dan paling sedikit pada pipi dan leher, (0,2%) serta didapatkan 85,29% jejas gigitan pada penelitian ini dapat dicocokkan dengan cetakan gigi tersangka. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebesar 85,2% jejas gigitan dapat mengungkapkan pelaku, namun ketidakcocokan pola gigi tidak secara otomatis menyingkirkan seseorang dari daftar tersangka. Variabel penentu seperti lokasi gigitan, pergerakan rahang atau bagian tubuh yang digigit, dan proses peradangan pada tubuh korban harus dijadikan bahan analisis dalam mengidentifikasi pelaku, agar tidak terjadi kesalahan identifikasi pelaku.Kata kunci: jejas gigitan, odontologi forensik, identifikasi pelaku

scholarly journals Exploring the degrees of distortion in simulated human bite marks

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 1043-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Dama ◽  
Andrew Forgie ◽  
Scheila Mânica ◽  
Gavin Revie
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
The Body ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Photographic Recording ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Bite Marks ◽  
Bite Mark ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Type 3

Abstract The properties of the skin and the posture of the body during photographic recording are factors that cause distortion in the bite mark injury. This study aimed to explore the degree of distortion between a ‘touch mark’ (method 1) and a ‘bite mark’ (method 2) on the left upper arm at three different positions (arm relaxed; arm flexed in two different positions). A pair of dental casts with biting edges coated in ink was used to create a mark in 30 subjects (6 ♂, 24 ♀) aged 20–50 years old. Photographs were taken using a Nikon DX digital camera (D5000). The mesiodistal widths and angle of rotations of both upper right central incisor and lower right central incisor and the inter-canine distances were analysed and compared with the true measurements using Adobe Photoshop CC 2017. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS Statistics 22 applying a 2 (mark type) × 3 (position) repeated measures ANOVA. For all measures studied, there was a statistically significant difference between mark types and positions. In the case of bite marks, a great degree of distortion was detected, and this increased further when changing the position of the arm. The findings demonstrated that skin properties and posture influence distortion. This could lead to inaccurate measurements and misleading pattern interpretation of bite mark injuries.

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