scholarly journals Equine pituitary extract obtained during summer improves follicular dynamics of mares during autumnal transition period

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e751974730
Author(s):  
Edmee Aparecida Fleury Curado ◽  
Rodrigo Arruda de Oliveira ◽  
Isabelle Matos Macedo ◽  
Joel Phillipe Costa e Souza ◽  
Thais Poltronieri dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Pituitary Extract ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Ovulatory Follicles ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

To compare follicular dynamics after treatment with low doses of equine pituitary extract obtained during winter and summer and to study the relationship between follicular dynamic and environmental parameters, 21 mares were evaluated to follow follicular dynamic and ovulation, from the final of the spring transitional up to the beginning of autumnal transitional period. Mares were randomly designed to one of three treatments: Equine Pituitary Extract from summer (EPE-S), Equine Pituitary Extract from winter (EPE-W) or saline (Control). Treatments were repeated twice: March/2017, after autumnal equinox and April/2017. Temperature, humidity, solar radiation and hours/ light/day were recorded and Temperature Humidity Index (THI) was calculated. Pre-ovulatory follicles reached the greatest diameter (40.7 mm) in December (p<0.05), following the increase in light/hours/day. The smallest pre-ovulatory follicles were verified in February (34.6 mm) and March (35.0 mm) (p>0.05). After EPE, days for ovulation differed, as well as the diameter of pre-ovulatory follicles (p<0.05). EPE-W showed similar follicular dynamics as Control, ovulating smaller follicles (p<0.05) and later (p<0.05) than EPE-S. Temperature and solar radiation did not differ (p>0.05), but humidity and THI differed (p<0.05). THI was not correlated to the diameter of pre-ovulatory follicles (p=0.37), diameter of subordinate follicles (p=0.80), or number/ follicles per ovulatory wave (p=0.98). In conclusion, daylight duration influenced ovarian function; low doses of EPE-S improvede follicular growth and ovulation rate during autumnal transition period of mares; pre-ovulatory follicle diameter increased from the spring to summer, but the time required to reach ovulation decreased.

Elements of functional genital asymmetry in the cow

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Trigal ◽  
C. Díez ◽  
M. Muñoz ◽  
J. N. Caamaño ◽  
F. Goyache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
The Right ◽  
Uterine Proteins

Asymmetry in the cow affects ovarian function and pregnancy. In this work we studied ovarian and uterine asymmetry. Synchronised animals, in which in vitro-produced embryos (n = 30–60) had been transferred on Day 5 to the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (CL), were flushed on Day 8. Ovulatory follicle diameter, oestrus response and total protein flushed did not differ between sides. However, a corpus luteum in the right ovary led to plasma progesterone concentrations that were higher than when it was present in the left ovary. Fewer embryos were recovered from the left than the right horn. Among 60 uterine proteins identified by difference gel electrophoresis, relative abundance of nine (acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, very long chain; twinfilin, actin-binding protein, homologue 1; enolase 1; pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 (rabbit); complement factor B Bb fragment ; albumin; fibrinogen gamma-B chain; and ezrin differed (P < 0.05) between horns. Glucose concentration was higher, and fructose concentration lower, in the left horn. In a subsequent field trial, pregnancy rates after embryo transfer did not differ between horns (51.0 ± 3.6, right vs 53.2 ± 4.7, left). However, Day 7 blood progesterone concentrations differed (P = 0.018) between pregnant and open animals in the left (15.9 ± 1.7 vs 8.3 ± 1.2) but not in the right horn (12.4 ± 1.3 vs 12.4 ± 1.2). Progesterone effects were independent of CL quality (P = 0.55). Bilateral genital tract asymmetry in the cow affects progesterone, proteins and hexoses without altering pregnancy rates.

Vegetational heterogeneity during a primary sand dune succession

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Morrison ◽  
G. A. Yarranton
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Prunus Virginiana ◽  
Quercus Velutina ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Rate Of Succession

The Grand Bend succession can be divided into three periods: a colonizing stage, up to 1600 years; a transition period from 1600 to 2900 years; and a persistent stage from 2900 to at least 4800 years. The colonizing stage is dominated by grasses, Juniperus spp. and Quercus prinoides. Transition begins when persistent species invade at certain points; the earliest species are usually Quercus velutina × rubra, Rhus aromatica, and Prunus virginiana. During the transitional period the patches of persistent vegetation grow until they coalesce. This marks the inception of the persistent stage during which the vegetation cover is predominantly oak–pine forest. Hence the path of succession does not differ from point to point but the rate of succession does. It is argued that the existence of distinct successional stages and the mode of transition between them support the organismal concept of vegetation.

scholarly journals Fetal Programming: Prenatal Testosterone Treatment Leads to Follicular Persistence/Luteal Defects; Partial Restoration of Ovarian Function by Cyclic Progesterone Treatment

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 1997-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Manikkam ◽  
Teresa L. Steckler ◽  
Kathleen B. Welch ◽  
E. Keith Inskeep ◽  
Vasantha Padmanabhan
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Prenatal Testosterone ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Ovarian Morphology ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

Prenatal testosterone (T) excess during midgestation leads to estrous cycle defects and polycystic ovaries in sheep. We hypothesized that follicular persistence causes polycystic ovaries and that cyclic progesterone (P) treatment would overcome follicular persistence and restore cyclicity. Twice-weekly blood samples for P measurements were taken from control (C; n = 16) and prenatally T-treated (T60; n = 14; 100 mg T, im, twice weekly from d 30–90 of gestation) Suffolk sheep starting before the onset of puberty and continuing through the second breeding season. A subset of C and T60 sheep were treated cyclically with a modified controlled internal drug-releasing device for 13–14 d every 17 d during the first anestrus (CP, 7; TP, 6). Transrectal ovarian ultrasonography was performed for 8 d in the first and 21 d in the second breeding season. Prenatal T excess reduced the number, but increased the duration of progestogenic cycles, reduced the proportion of ewes with normal cycles, increased the proportion of ewes with subluteal cycles, decreased the proportion of ewes with ovulatory cycles, induced the occurrence of persistent follicles, and reduced the number of corpora lutea in those that cycled. Cyclic P treatment in anestrus, which produced one third the P concentration seen during luteal phase of cycle, did not reduce the number of persistent follicles, but increased the number of progestogenic cycles while reducing their duration. These findings suggested that follicular persistence might contribute to the polycystic ovarian morphology. Cyclic P treatment was able to only partially restore follicular dynamics, but this may be related to the low replacement concentrations of P achieved.

Follicular dynamics in mares treated with an equine pituitary extract

1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.L. Woods ◽  
O.J. Ginther
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Extract ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

scholarly journals Follicular dynamic and repeatability of follicular wave development in Peranakan Ongole (PO) cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imron ◽  
Iman Supriatna ◽  
. Amrozi ◽  
Mohamad Agus Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Wave Patterns ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

<p class="abstrak2">Superovulation treatment on PO cattle (Bos indicus) was less responsive compared to Bos taurus breed. It might due to the difference of their follicular dynamic. This study was conducted to investigate the follicular dynamics and its repeatability in PO cattle. Follicular dynamics observations conducted on 9 cows trough ultrasound scanning every day. Observations of wave patterns repeatability were performed in 6 cows which its wave pattern already known on the next consecutive IOI.  Research result indicated that PO cattle had 3 (66%) and 4-waves (34%) pattern. The first wave of 3 and 4-waves pattern emerged on day -0.4+0.9 and 1.4+1.1 respectively.  The second wave of 3 and 4-wave pattern emerged on day 9.8+1.5 and 7.4+1.9 respectively.  The pattern of 3 waves has a longer follicle dominant duration (11.6+1.5 day) in the first wave of estrous cycle, compared with 4 waves pattern (10+2.92 and 7+1.00 day respectively). The growth rate of dominant follicle was not different significantly between the 3 and 4-waves pattern (0.87+0.23 and 0.94+0.25 mm/day respectively). Similarly, ovulatory follicle diameter between 3 and 4-waves pattern was also not different significantly (12.24+12.34 and 12.30+12.23 mm respectively). Observation of wave patterns repeatability in 6 PO cows indicated that PO cattle had high repeatability in follicular wave pattern (0.88) and the number of growing follicle was 0.91.  This study resulted data for dynamic of follicular development, wave pattern, its repeatability which be expected to design the protocol of superovulation treatment or other reproduction technologies based on follicular dynamic to improve its result in PO cattle.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Effect of GnRH treatment following a short-term estrous induction protocol on estrus and ovulation in Saanen goats, during the transitional period

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 2569
Author(s):  
I. DOGAN ◽  
M. B. TOKER ◽  
S. ALCAY ◽  
D. UDUM KUCUKSEN
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Buserelin Acetate ◽  
Synchronization Protocol

The objective of this study was to compare the effect on the ovulation time and estrus parameters of a GnRH agonist (buserelin acetate) administered 24 or 36 h following a short-term estrus induction and synchronization treatment in non-lactating Saanen goats during the transitional period. Goats received 20 mg FGA sponges for 6 days plus 300 IU eCG and 125 μg d-cloprostenol 24 h prior to sponge removal. After removal of the sponges, goats were given either 1 ml physiological saline (0.9% NaCI) solution (Group1; n = 9) after 12 h, 0.004 mg GnRH (Group2; n = 10) after 24 h or 0.004 mg GnRH (Group3; n = 10) after 36 h. The follicle development and ovulation in the ovaries were monitored by transrectal ultrasonography starting from the sponge application until the fifth day of the estrus cycle. Blood samples were collected on the same days to determine the plasma concentrations of progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2). No statistical differences among groups were detected in any synchronization parameters, ultrasonic evaluations and plasma P4 and E2 concentrations. The evaluation of pooled data showed that the response of Saanen goats to treatments was comparable to the results of other published trials. Results of this study indicate that administration of GnRH at 24 h or 36 h after sponge removal, at the end of a short estrus induction and synchronization protocol, does not affect plasma P4 and E2 concentrations, estrus parameters and ovulation time in goats, during the transition period.

scholarly journals ERRORS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY IN THE TRANSITION PERIOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Yuriy Zemlyakov ◽  
Irene Sedova ◽  
Larisa Errera
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Military Spending ◽  
State System ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Sharp Reduction ◽  
Planned Economy ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Fixed Assets

This article analyzes the reforms carried out by our government during the transitional period of the Russian economy, discusses various areas of this policy, as well as trends that emerged during the planned economy, and which significantly complicated the process of adjustment. The reasons for the decline in the standard of living of the population are considered. Mistakes in the management of this process were identified, which include: developing an acceleration concept that only exacerbated the crisis, an attempt to make the entire employable population of the country the owners of fixed assets, commercial banks were not exempted from taxes, a sharp reduction in military spending, and the absence of a state system for retraining employees. It is also shown how the result of these mistakes affects the Russian economy so far.

scholarly journals Some complications of the transitive society in the sphere of legal education

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 11003
Author(s):  
Anastasia Kovaleva ◽  
Victoria Rodina ◽  
Olga Volkonskaya
Keyword(s):  
Irreversible Process ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Legal Education ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
State Development ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Stage Of Development

A transitive society is a special stage of its development, which is influenced by various factors that ultimately affect the direction of development of the society, whether it is positive or negative, will move to a new higher stage of development or an irreversible process of degradation will begin. The transition period in Russia has its own peculiarities, largely due to the original historical path and profound transformations that took place one after another for a long period. However, the formation of these institutions is impossible without legal education, the highest degree of which provides access to higher legal education. The aim of this research is to make an objective assessment of the situation in the system of higher legal education, to analyse its problem areas and to assess their impact without overcoming the transitional period of State development.

scholarly journals Milk progesterone profiles, blood metabolites, metabolic hormones and pregnancy rates in Awassi ewes treated by gestagen + eCG at the early breeding season

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 507-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Marton ◽  
V. Faigl ◽  
M. Kerestes ◽  
M. Kulcsar ◽  
S. Nagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Metabolic Hormones ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Almost All

The ovarian response to a standard chronogest + eCG treatment with plasma levels of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), thyroids, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), OH-butyrate (BHB) and urea-N (PUN) was studied in lactating Awassi ewes (<i>n</i> = 105) during the late-summer – early autumn transition period. The ewes were inseminated with diluted fresh semen after gestagen removal, and mated thereafter; 26 of them conceived at the fixed-time AI (fix AI; conception rate is calculated from lambing dates). Ovarian function was monitored by milk progesterone (P<sub>4</sub>) profiles. Before synchronization, the ovary was still acyclic in 33 and already cyclic in 72 ewes. Twenty-nine and 43 of the cyclic animals were in the follicular and luteal phases, respectively. After gestagen removal almost all (<i>n</i> = 104) ewes ovulated, although at AI elevated P<sub>4</sub> levels related to the presence of partially luteinized follicles, and short-lived CL-s were observed in 10 and five animals (none of them re-conceived at the fixed time AI). Cycling ewes showed higher insulin and IGF-I levels than the acyclic animals, and those who had not conceived had higher PUN than the pregnant ones. The other metabolic parameters did not differ. Neither conception rate, nor the ovarian response was influenced by the pre-treatment.

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