A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of polyunsaturated fatty acids efficacy in adolescents with anorexia nervosa

Objective. Omega–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were tested in adolescent depression and in several neurodevelopmental disorders with partial success. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterised by deficiencies in fatty food intake and frequent comorbidity, including depressive and cognitive symptoms. Thus supplementation with PUFAs may be beneficial in this group of patients. The aim of the study was to assess whether PUFAs as an add-on treatment is associated with better improvement of body mass index (BMI) and psychopathological symptoms than placebo in patients with AN. Method. 61 female adolescent inpatients with AN were randomly allocated to omega–3 PUFAs supplementation or placebo for 10 weeks. Patients also participated in the behavioural programme and eclectic psychotherapy (treatment as usual, TAU). At baseline and follow-up visits, patients’ BMI and psychopathology were assessed with Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), Patient Global Impression Scale (PGI), and Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26). Results. After 10 weeks, both groups showed improvement in all parameters. Improvement in CGI scores was observed greater in placebo vs. PUFA-s group (p = 0.015) while other differences were not statistically significant. Omega–3 PUFAs supplementation appears not to be effective as an add-on treatment in inpatient adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. Conclusions. The results should be analysed with caution due to small sample size and heterogeneity in TAU. As the TAU turned out to be highly effective, additional therapeutic effect of PUFA might not be visible. Nevertheless, that does not explain the tendency for better improvement in the placebo group.

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A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of six-month supplementation with concentrated fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in first episode schizophrenia

Journal of Psychiatric Research ◽

10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.11.013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 73 ◽

pp. 34-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Tomasz Pawełczyk ◽

Marta Grancow-Grabka ◽

Magdalena Kotlicka-Antczak ◽

Elżbieta Trafalska ◽

Agnieszka Pawełczyk

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Randomized Controlled Study ◽

Controlled Study ◽

First Episode ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia

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Studying the effects of fish oil infusion to prevent atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: data from implantable continuous cardiac monitor

Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya ◽

10.21688/1681-3472-2014-3-12-18 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

S. M. Yefremov ◽

Ye. A. Pokushalov ◽

A. B. Romanov ◽

A. M. Chernyavskiy ◽

A. N. Shilova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Cardiac Monitor

The study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that perioperative infusion of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids would reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation in CAD patients operated under CPB. The authors carried out a prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. 39 CAD patients who had undergone surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass were randomized into 2 groups. 18 patients were infused with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omegaven, Fresenius Kabi, Germany) starting with 200 mg/kg/day before anaesthesia induction for 24 hours followed by 100 mg/kg/day from second to seventh day postoperatively. 21 patients received an equivalent dose of placebo (Intralipid, Fresenius Kabi, Germany). The primary endpoint was freedom from atrial fibrillation at 2-year follow-up. A Reveal cardiac monitor was implanted subcutaneously in all patients. Data from cardiac monitor was collected on the 10th day and at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. Postoperative atrial fibrillation developed in 4 (19%) patients in the control group and in 5 (27.8%) patients in the study group at 10-day follow-up (p = 0.88). At 2-year follow-up, 5 (27.8%) patients in the control group and 6 (35.3%) patients in the study group had atrial fibrillation (p = 0.9). The results of our research do not confirm the efficiency of perioperative infusion of omega-3 polyun-saturated fatty acids to prevent the occurrence of atrial fibrillation.

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P.7.d.010 Randomised placebo-controlled study of polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids as an add-on treatment in adolescent anorexia nervosa

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/s0924-977x(15)30916-0 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. S646

Author(s):

A. Pirog-Balcerzak ◽

K. Bazynska ◽

J. Bragoszewska ◽

B. Remberk ◽

L. Popek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa

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Impact of omega-3 fatty acid DHA and EPA supplementation in pregnant or breast-feeding women on cognitive performance of children: systematic review and meta-analysis

Nutrition Reviews ◽

10.1093/nutrit/nuaa060 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

A Lehner ◽

K Staub ◽

L Aldakak ◽

P Eppenberger ◽

F Rühli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Small Sample ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Long Chain

Abstract Introduction The omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are important for brain development and cognitive performance. Because they are semi-essential fatty acids, they must be obtained from food. However, the dietary reference intakes of DHA and EPA have not yet been established. In women, a low DHA and/or EPA serum level during pregnancy or breastfeeding might negatively affect their children. For this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials on the association between the consumption of fish oil supplements in pregnant and/or breastfeeding women and the cognitive performance of their children. Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Central literature databases were systematically searched. We included and extracted relevant studies in duplicate and assessed study quality. Cognitive outcomes were grouped according to published criteria and according to time elapsed after the intervention. We performed fixed-effects meta-analyses for each cognitive outcome and for birth weight. We assessed potential confounding with meta-regressions and sensitivity analyses. Results A total of 11 trials were included. No significant association was found between DHA/EPA supplementation and any of the assessed cognitive parameters or birth weight. Discussion Our results confirm previous reviews on the studied topic. Reasons for inconclusive results may be small sample sizes for each assessed category, questionable quality of included studies, and the difficulty of reliably measuring cognitive performance in small children. Blood levels of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids were mostly not comparable. Furthermore, the influence of genetic and environmental factors could not be assessed. Studies in this field should address such shortcomings.

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