Aggressive and auto-aggressive behavior of patients with addiction to psychoactive substances

Aggression is a serious biomedical problem associated with a high percentage of patients and a lack of selective corrective agents. The most frequent increase in aggressiveness occurs in patients with depressive disorders, schizophrenia, reactive psychoses and adjustment disorders, which are known to be characterized by immunological dysfunction. Antipsychotics are widely used in the correction of psychomotor agitation; the antipsychotic effect of these drugs is manifested in the achievement of a sedative effect. However, like other psychoactive substances, they have a number of side effects that limit their long-term use and determines the need to search for new approaches to the correction of affective disorders. Experimental modeling of aggression is one of the main approaches for studying its pathogenetic mechanisms and searching for new effective therapeutic agents for the treatment. The study of the aggression pathogenetic mechanisms and the search for approaches to therapy within the framework of neuroimmune interaction is currently extremely promising. Currently, there is a large number of clinical and experimental data indicating interrelated changes in the functional activity of the nervous and immune systems during aggression. The leading links in the pathogenetic mechanism of aggression is the violation of the production and mutual regulation of cytokines, neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, growth factors, hormones, the effects of which are mediated by the cellular elements of the immune system. Given the immune cells essential role in the pathogenesis of aggression and the psychoactive substances unidirectional effect on the immune and nervous cells, make it possible to consider immune cells as model objects for influencing the intersystem functional relationship in order to edit the aggressive phenotype. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of in vitro neuroleptic-modulated immune cells transplantation on behavioral phenotype and brain cytokines in aggressive syngeneic recipients. Aggressive behavior was formed in active male mice (CBA × C57Bl/6) F1 as a result of the experience of 20- fold victories in inter-male confrontations (distant sensory contact model). Aggressive mice splenocytes were treated in vitro with chlorpromazine and intravenously injected to syngeneic aggressive recipients. It has been demonstrated that modulated in vitro by chlorpromazine splenocytes of aggressive mice after transplantation edit the syngeneic aggressive recipient’s behavior against the background of a decrease in cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IFNγ and an increase in IL-4 in pathogenetically significant for aggression brain structures. The mechanisms of the aggressive behavior correcting effect of modulated immune cells are discussed.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EXPERIENCE OF RESISTANCE WITHIN THE FAMILY AND SELF-PERCEIVED RISKY BEHAVIORS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Zbornik radova 18 ◽

10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2019.15.63 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 63-80

Author(s):

Alen Hasikić ◽

Nataša Vlah

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Aggressive Behavior ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Risky Behavior ◽

Risky Behaviors ◽

Psychoactive Substances ◽

School Students ◽

The One ◽

The Relationship

The primary aim of the paper was to investigate the relationship between family attachment, communication and family religiosity on the one hand, and risky behaviors, on the other hand, which are grouped into three categories: apathy and absentmindedness, truancy and the consumption of psychoactive substances, and finally aggressive behavior. Two hypotheses were formulated, according to which there is a negative correlation between family attachment and communication and risky behavior, i.e. the students who report higher levels of family attachment and communication exhibit fewer risky behaviors. Furthermore, the second hypothesis suggested that there is also a negative correlation between family religiosity and risky behavior, i.e. the students who report higher levels of family religiosity display fewer risky behaviors. The participants were the students of the high school “Mate Blažina” in Labin (N = 202). The results were obtained by descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation. The research findings indicated that, while there is no correlation between family attachment and communication and risky behaviors (apathy, absentmindedness, truancy and the consumption of psychoactive substances), the correlation between family attachment and communication and aggressiveness, as a form of risky behavior, is low and negative. The second hypothesis was partially confirmed, since a negative and moderate correlation was found between family religiosity and apathy and absentmindedness as risky behaviors; no correlation was observed between family religiosity and truancy and the consumption of psychoactive substances as risky behaviors; while a positive and low correlation was established between family religiosity and aggressive behavior.

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The Use of Psychoactive Substances as a Manifestation of Auto-aggression in Adolescence

Bulletin of Science and Practice ◽

10.33619/2414-2948/41/56 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 388-397

Author(s):

D. Ivanov ◽

Yu. Tishakova

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Theoretical Analysis ◽

Aggressive Behavior ◽

Main Idea ◽

Psychological Characteristics ◽

Psychoactive Substance ◽

Psychoactive Substances ◽

Death Instinct ◽

Psychoactive Substance Use ◽

The Relationship

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of auto–aggressive behavior in adolescence. The main idea of the article is to consider the use of psychoactive substances by adolescents as manifestations of auto–aggression. The article presents a theoretical analysis of foreign and domestic psychological literature on the problem of auto–aggressive behavior. The analysis allowed to reveal the psychological characteristics of adolescence. The analysis we have given allowed to reveal the psychological characteristics of adolescence. Age–specific reasons contributing to the involvement of a adolescents in the process of psychoactive substance use are revealed. Auto–aggressive behavior is considered by the authors as one of the main reasons for the initiation of the use of psychoactive substances. By auto–aggressive behavior, the authors understand destructive, abnormal actions that are turned against themselves. Auto–aggressive behavior is considered by the authors of the article as a direct manifestation of the death instinct, since it leads to death. The article contains a description of the course of the experiment and research methods, analysis of the results of studying the relationship between auto–aggressive behavior and psychoactive substance use in adolescence. The aim of the study was to analyze the propensity to use of psychoactive substances, depending on the severity of auto–aggression. An empirical study of auto–aggressive behavior in adolescents makes it possible to consider the use of psychoactive substances in adolescence one of the manifestations of auto–aggression. It has been shown from our studies that the cause of addictive behavior in adolescence may be auto–aggressive behavior.

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Assessing Social Skills in Health Professional Services

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.21.3.173 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 173-181

Author(s):

Francisco Gil ◽

Jesús Sanz ◽

María Paz García-Vera ◽

José M. León ◽

Silvia Medina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Skills ◽

Health Services ◽

Health Professional ◽

Aggressive Behavior ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Professional Services ◽

Quality Of Health Services

Abstract. The quality of health services depends on the contribution of all the professionals involved in the system, including certain groups, usually forgotten and underrated, such as the health-transport technicians (HTT). With the aim of improving this group's performance, an intervention program, focusing on the development of the workers' technical and social skills, was designed in a collective of enterprises. Information about the first stage of this program, consisting of the assessment of these workers' social skills, is offered in this study. A specific questionnaire was developed: The Health-Transport Technicians Social Skills Questionnaire (HTT-SSQ), made up of three scales (assertive, passive, and aggressive behavior). It was administered to a large sample (N = 530) from the above-mentioned association. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were analyzed, with quite satisfactory indexes of internal consistency and factor validity, and the group's deficiencies (excess or deficit) were evaluated.

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The Hitman Study

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 99-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Christopher J. Ferguson ◽

Stephanie M. Rueda

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Young Adults ◽

Aggressive Behavior ◽

Video Game ◽

Real Life ◽

Mood Management ◽

Video Game Play ◽

Video Game Playing ◽

Violent Video Game ◽

The Social

This article explores commonly discussed theories of violent video game effects: the social learning, mood management, and catharsis hypotheses. An experimental study was carried out to examine violent video game effects. In this study, 103 young adults were given a frustration task and then randomized to play no game, a nonviolent game, a violent game with good versus evil theme (i.e., playing as a good character taking on evil), or a violent game in which they played as a “bad guy.” Results indicated that randomized video game play had no effect on aggressive behavior; real-life violent video game-playing history, however, was predictive of decreased hostile feelings and decreased depression following the frustration task. Results do not support a link between violent video games and aggressive behavior, but do suggest that violent games reduce depression and hostile feelings in players through mood management.

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