scholarly journals A systematic list of mammals of Mizoram, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-121
Author(s):  
H. Lalthanzara
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Systematic List

A comprehensive systematic list of wild mammals of the state of Mizoram, northeast India, has been collated from historical records, primary and secondary information by incorporating reliable data after personal interview with elderly prominent hunters. A total of 126 species of wild mammals belonging to 32 families under 11 orders, including 8 primate species, 14 herbivores with angulates, among carnivores - 3 ursids, 2 canids, 8 felids, 19 lesser carnivores; and 5 fossoreal, 9 arboreal, 22 rodents, 35 chiropterans and 1 aquatic mammal are listed. Bats (Chiroptera) formed the largest group (28%) with 35 species under 7 families followed by carnivores (25%) with 32 species and rodents (24%) with 30 species. Furthermore, Cetacea, Proboscidae, Scandentia and Pholidota orders were represented by a single species each. The rats and mice family Muridae formed the biggest family with 16 species followed by the vesper bats family Vespertilionidae with 14 species. The list contains three critically endangered species including two locally extinct species, eight endangered species including two locally extinct species, 18 vulnerable species including one locally extinct species and 8 near-threatened species, i.e. a total of 37 threatened species. The list also provides the vernacular name, common English name and scientific name of each species, local status, IUCN (2016-3) threatened category, WPA schedule and CITES appendix were given. Five species were considered as locally extinct; habitat destruction and poaching being the major cause, and therefore, immediate conservative measures are suggested.

scholarly journals Status of a second viable population of the Critically Endangered Delacour's langur in Viet Nam

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Anh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Hoang Trinh-Dinh ◽  
Minh Le ◽  
Nguyen Manh Ha
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Viable Population ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

Abstract One of the three Critically Endangered and endemic primate species in Viet Nam, Delacour's langur Trachypithecus delacouri, is restricted to the north of the country. The largest remaining population is in Van Long Nature Reserve, Ninh Binh Province, and the second largest is in nearby Kim Bang Protection Forest, Ha Nam Province, with other populations believed to be too small for recovery. The population in Van Long has been well studied but the status of that of Kim Bang has not previously been adequately evaluated. To address this, a survey was conducted during 10 August–7 October 2018. In total, we recorded 13 groups comprising a total of at least 73 individuals, almost doubling the highest number reported in previous studies. We documented six new groups in Lien Son and Ba Sao communes in Kim Bang. Our findings indicate there is a high likelihood that Delacour's langur population in Kim Bang will recover and could be important for the long-term conservation of this Critically Endangered species. However, immediate and appropriate conservation measures need to be implemented to protect the population from major anthropogenic threats, namely poaching and habitat destruction, detected during our survey.

scholarly journals Development of propagation protocol for the endangered species Phlomoides superba (Royle ex Benth.) Kamelin & Makhm.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-546
Author(s):  
Amber Srivastava ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Suitable Habitats

The low regeneration potential is one of the main causes of the depleting population of threatened species. Phlomoides superba an endangered species is facing depletion in its natural habitats due to various causes including habitat destruction, low regeneration and exploitation. The ornamental potential of this species makes it suitable for cultivation in gardens for sake of both ex-situ conservation and beautification as well. Because of this, a suitable mass scale propagation protocol is required to prevent wild exploitation of this species for commercial use and also for its reintroduction in suitable habitats.

scholarly journals Expansion of Vertebrate Pest Exclusion Fencing and Its Potential Benefits for Threatened Fauna Recovery in Australia

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deane Smith ◽  
Kristy Waddell ◽  
Benjamin L. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
Threatened Fauna

The global effort to conserve threatened species relies heavily on our ability to separate these species from the processes that threaten them, and a common tool used for this purpose is exclusion fencing. In Australia, pest animal exclusion fencing has been repeatedly used on conservation land on a small scale to successfully exclude introduced predators and competitors from threatened native fauna populations. However, in recent years, “cluster fencing” on agricultural land has re-emerged on a large scale and is used by livestock producers seeking to reduce predation losses by dingoes (Canis familiaris) and manage total grazing pressure from native and introduced herbivores, including red kangaroos (Osphranter rufus). Given that the primary threats to at-risk native fauna are also predation and overgrazing, there may be potential for cluster fencing on livestock land to achieve additional fauna conservation benefits. Understanding the amount, location and potential conservation value of cluster fenced livestock land is critical for determining how these areas might contribute to broader threatened fauna recovery goals. Drawing from publicly available databases maintained by the Australian Government, we assessed the spatial overlap of threatened species’ distributions with 105 cluster fences erected in Queensland since 2013, which cover 65,901 km2 of land. These cluster fenced areas represent 18 biogeographic subregions and may contain 28 extant threatened mammals, birds and reptiles including 18 vulnerable species, 7 endangered species and 3 critically endangered species. An average of nine threatened species or their habitats were identified per cluster, and over three quarters (78.6%) of these species face at least one threat that is being mitigated within clusters. The true status of threatened and pest species within clusters is largely unknown or unrecorded in most cases, but some examples of pest eradication and threatened species recovery are already emerging. Given the vast size of the cluster fenced estate, the many different biomes and species that it represents and the nature of the threats being removed within these fenced areas, we contend that agricultural cluster fencing may offer an unprecedented opportunity to advance threatened fauna conservation goals for some species at scales previously thought impossible and should be a research priority for threatened species managers.

scholarly journals The first troglobitic Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from the karst area of Serra do Ramalho, Brazil: a threatened species

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 109-128
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Assis ◽  
Diego Monteiro von Schimonsky ◽  
Maria Elina Bichuette
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Mining Projects ◽  
Maximal Relevance ◽  
Iucn Criteria

Pseudochthonius ramalhosp. nov. is described to Gruna do Vandercir cave, in the Serra do Ramalho karst area, southwestern Bahia, Brazil. This area has an extensive limestone outcrop, with several caves, and the occurrence of potential minerals that are financially attractive for mining projects. The new species shows troglomorphic characteristics such as the depigmentation of the carapace and absence or reduction of eyes. It is a rare troglobitic species, and following the criteria of IUCN, we categorized the species as Critically Endangered – CR, IUCN criteria B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii). According to Brazilian legislation, locations, where critically endangered species live, can be protected by law, and we consider this cave/region to be of maximal relevance for protection.

New locality records and call description of the Resplendent Shrub Frog Raorchestes resplendens (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from the Western Ghats, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 16502-16509
Author(s):  
Sandeep Das ◽  
K.P. Rajkumar ◽  
K.A. Sreejith ◽  
M. Royaltata ◽  
P.S. Easa
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Controlled Burning ◽  
New Locations ◽  
Southern Western Ghats ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Western Ghats

Abstract: The Resplendent Shrub Frog, Raorchestes resplendens Biju, Shouche, Dubois, Dutta, & Bossuyt, 2010 is a Critically Endangered species endemic to the Western Ghats and was considered to be restricted to a three-square kilometer patch atop Anamudi summit.  In this study, we report 36 new locations of the species from the Anamalai massif of the southern Western Ghats.  Niche-based prediction modelling suggests that the species is restricted to Anamalai massif.  The call description of this frog is also provided for the first time. The preferred microhabitat of the frog is Chrysopogon grass clumps in the marshy/swampy montane grassland ecosystem. Restricted to a small area with controlled burning management practiced in its habitat, R. resplendens needs immediate attention.

Where have all the sawfishes gone? Perspectives on declines of these Critically Endangered species in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshay Tanna ◽  
Daniel Fernando ◽  
Ramajeyam Gobiraj ◽  
Buddhi M. Pathirana ◽  
Sahan Thilakaratna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Critically Endangered Species

scholarly journals The Oral Bacterial Community in Melanophryniscus admirabilis (Admirable Red-Belly Toads): Implications for Conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Michele Bertoni Mann ◽  
Janira Prichula ◽  
Ícaro Maia Santos de Castro ◽  
Juliana Mello Severo ◽  
Michelle Abadie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Personal Genome ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Environment

Melanophryniscus admirabilis (admirable red-belly toad) is a microendemic and critically endangered species found exclusively along 700 m of the Forqueta River, in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil. One of the greatest concerns regarding the conservation of this species is the extensive use of pesticides in areas surrounding their natural habitat. In recent years, the adaptation and persistence of animal species in human-impacted environments have been associated with microbiota. Therefore, the present study aimed to characterize the oral bacterial community of wild M. admirabilis and to address the question of how this community might contribute to this toad’s adaptation in the anthropogenic environment as well as its general metabolic capabilities. A total of 11 oral samples collected from wild M. admirabilis were characterized and analyzed via high-throughput sequencing. Fragments of the 16S rRNA variable region 4 (V4) were amplified, and sequencing was conducted using an Ion Personal Genome Machine (PGM) System with 316 chips. A total of 181,350 sequences were obtained, resulting in 16 phyla, 34 classes, 39 orders, and 77 families. Proteobacteria dominated (53%) the oral microbiota of toads, followed by Firmicutes (18%), Bacteroidetes (17%), and Actinobacteria (5%). No significant differences in microbial community profile from among the samples were reported, which suggests that the low dietary diversity observed in this population may directly influence the bacterial composition. Inferences of microbiome function were performed using PICRUSt2 software. Important pathways (e.g., xenobiotic degradation pathways for pesticides and aromatic phenolic compounds) were detected, which suggests that the bacterial communities may serve important roles in M. admirabilis health and survival in the anthropogenic environment. Overall, our results have important implications for the conservation and management of this microendemic and critically endangered species.

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