scholarly journals Steroid Metabolome in the Umbilical Cord: Is It Necessary To Differentiate Between Arterial and Venous Blood?

2014 ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. PAŠKOVÁ ◽  
A. PAŘÍZEK ◽  
M. HILL ◽  
M. VELÍKOVÁ ◽  
J. KUBÁTOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Umbilical Blood ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Steroid Conjugates ◽  
In Pregnancy

Steroids are important markers in pregnancy. Although estimating their levels separately in umbilical arterial (UA) and venous blood (UV) enable more precise insights into the functioning fetoplacental unit compared to using mixed umbilical blood (UM), selective aspiration of UA and UV is technically more demanding than collecting UM. We measured the levels of 67 unconjugated steroids and steroid polar conjugates in UA and UV using GC-MS in 80 women giving birth within weeks 28 to 42 of gestation. The samples were sorted into three groups: women entering labor within weeks 28-32 (group A, n=19), weeks 33-37 (group B, n=19), and weeks 38-42 (group C, n=42) of gestation, respectively. The preterm labors were due to pathologies unrelated to steroid status. Most unconjugated steroids exhibited pronounced arteriovenous differences (AVD). The AVD were less distinct in more stable steroid conjugates. Most steroids positively correlate with gestational age, but unconjugated 5β-reduced pregnanes show negative correlations, as do testosterone and androstenediol, substrates for the placental synthesis of estrogens. Tight correlations between steroids in UA and UV indicate that steroid measurements in UA, UV and UM can be accurately derived from each other, which is important for the diagnostics of steroid related diseases in newborns.

scholarly journals Comparative study between vaginal natural progesterone and oral dydrogesterone in prevention of red degeneration of uterine fibroid in pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3330
Author(s):  
Nermeen M. Hefila ◽  
Tarek A. Karkour ◽  
Sara M. Elghareeb ◽  
Tamer M. Abdeldaiem
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Fibroid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Red Degeneration ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Natural Progesterone

Background: Uterine leiomyomas are highly prevalent benign monoclonal tumors, arising from the smooth muscle of the myometrium; they occur in up to 50-60% of reproductive age women, causing significant morbidity in up to 30% of women. The most serious complication of uterine fibroids; is red degeneration that causes severe pain, and may lead to preterm labour, miscarriage, fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective of this study was designed to compare between the effect of vaginal natural MP and oral dydrogesterone in prevention of red degeneration of uterine fibroid during pregnancy.Methods: Patients were recruited from El-Shatby Maternity University Hospital. They were 50 pregnant females, diagnosed having a uterine fibroid more than 3 cm in size then there were divided into two groups, Group A: twenty-five treated by vaginal natural progesterone, Group B: twenty-five treated by oral dydrogesterone. All patients at 14-15 weeks of gestational age underwent complete history taking, clinical examination and ultrasound examination for mean gestational age and assessment of the type and uterine fibroid.Results: Results showed that there were no statistically significant differences as regards age, obstetric history (gravidity and parity), number, Site, grade and size of the fibroid. There was a significant difference between the two studied groups, regarding the acute abdominal pain, it occurred to only 3 cases (12%) in Group A, versus to 16 cases (64%) in Group B. Regarding occurrence of red degeneration, it occurred only to 3 cases (12%) in Group A, while in Group B it occurred to 15 cases (60%).Conclusions: Vaginal natural micronized progesterone is more effective than oral dydrogesterone in prevention of red degeneration of uterine fibroid in pregnancy with fewer complications. Vaginal natural progesterone daily dose of 200 mg is recommended to all pregnant females with uterine fibroids.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Creatine Kinase, Lactate Dehydrogenase, and Amylase Concentrations in Umbilical Blood of Preterm Infants after Long-Term Tocolysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Nakajima ◽  
Naoki Masaoka
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Umbilical Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and amylase levels of preterm infants following long-term tocolysis in pregnant women are limited. The objective of this study was to determine if the tocolytic therapy affects CK, LDH, and amylase levels in the umbilical blood. This study included 215 preterm infants born to women treated with and without ritodrine hydrochloride. CK, LDH, and amylase levels in the umbilical blood at delivery were determined. Infants were divided according to the ritodrine tocolysis, as follows: Group A (n=91), not exposed to ritodrine; Group B (n=44), IV ritodrine for <1 week; Group C (n=80), IV ritodrine for ≥1 week. The CK concentration in cord blood of Group C (198.8±14.2 IU/L) was significantly higher in comparison with Group A (155.0±7.3 IU/L,P<0.05). There was no significant difference in LDH and amylase levels in the three groups. The CK significantly correlated with gestational age (r=0.42,P<0.01) and birth weight (r=0.38,P<0.01). LDH and amylase levels did not change with gestational age nor birth weight. In conclusion, long-term ritodrine tocolysis leads to increased umbilical blood CK level.

scholarly journals Comparison between methyldopa and combination of methyldopa and nifedipine in terms of mean change in blood pressure in pregnancy induced hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1703-1705
Author(s):  
Bilqees Akhtar Malik ◽  
Shahzad Bashir Momina ◽  
Tazeen Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective: Comparison between Methyldopa and combination of Methyldopa and Nifedipine in terms of mean change in blood pressure in pregnancy induced hypertension. Material and methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Combined Military Hospital Bahawalpur from February 2020 to August 2020 over the period of 6 months. Total 80 patients with pregnancy induced hypertension as per operational definition having age 20-40 years and having gestational age ≥ 20 weeks assessed on LMP were selected. Results: Mean age of the patients was 30.81 ± 5.670 years, mean age of patients of group A was 31.50 ± 5.809 years and mean age of group B was 30.13 ± 5.515 years. Mean gestational age was 30.17 ± 5.981 weeks, mean gestational age of patients of group A was 29.70 ± 6.329 weeks and mean gestational age of patients of group B was 30.65 ± 5.65 weeks. In group A, mean diastolic blood pressure was decrease from 101.2250 ± 4.97938 to 84.5000 ± 3.26599 and in group B from 107.7750 ± 7.18434 to 82.5000 ± 2.25320. Comparison of mean decrease in diastolic blood pressure between group A (High dose Methyldopa) and group B (Low dose Low dose Methyldopa with Nifedipine) was done. Mean decrease in diastolic blood pressure in group A was 16.72 ± 3.935 and in group B was 25.28 ± 6.876. Statistically significant difference of mean decrease in diastolic blood pressure between the both groups was noted with p value 0.000. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that Low dose Methyldopa with Nifedipine combination is more effective as compared to High dose Methyldopa to reduce diastolic blood pressure in pregnant women suffering from pregnancy induced hypertension. Keywords: Diastolic blood pressure, Methyldopa, Nifedipine, Pregnancy induced hypertension, Systolic blood pressure

scholarly journals Manual Vacuum Aspiration (M.V.A) Versus Conventional Evacuation and Curettage in Early Pregnancy Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2213-2215
Author(s):  
Uzma Shaheen ◽  
Sumaira Yasmin ◽  
Nazia Liaqat ◽  
Sonia Rafique
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
Early Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Vacuum Aspiration ◽  
Manual Vacuum Aspiration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group B

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of manual vacuum aspiration and conventional evacuation and curettage in early pregnancy loss Study Design: Randomized control trial Place and Duration: Study was conducted at department of obstetrics and gynecology Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from 1st January 2019 to 31st August 2020. Methods Patients were early pregnancy loss (12 weeks or lesser gestational age) were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups by lottery method. Group A were the patients who had conventional evacuation and curettage treatment. Group B were patient in which MVA was used. Patients’ demographics were recorded after taking written consent. Gestational age was calculated from first day of last menstrual cycle and by ultrasound. Cervical ripening was done by (misoprostol 400mcg) two hours before procedure. Procedure was carried out under aseptic measures. Complete uterine evacuation by either procedure was assessed by ultrasound after procedure and complications were noted. Data was analyzed by SPSS 24.0. Results: mean age in Group A was 29 years with SD ± 8.65 while mean age in Group B mean age was 30 years with SD ±7.62. Group B (Manual Vacuum Aspiration) was effective in 96% patients while Group A(Conventional Evacuation and Curettage) was effective in 89% patients. Complications were fewer in MVA as compared to conventional evacuation and curettage Keywords: MVA, Evacuation and curettage , Early pregnancy loss.

scholarly journals Analgesic Efficacy of Paracetamol in Children Using Tonsillectomy as a Pain Model

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Anderson ◽  
S. Kanagasundarum ◽  
G. Woollard
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Paracetamol Concentration ◽  
Blinded Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

The analgesic efficacy of paracetamol was assessed in a prospective, randomized, double-blinded study of 100 children undergoing tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy. Fifty children were given paracetamol elixir 40 mg/kg 40 minutes preoperatively (Group A); the remaining 50 children were given an oral placebo 40 minutes pre-operatively and paracetamol suppositories 40 mg/kg after induction of anaesthesia (Group B). Paracetamol was the only analgesic given and was given either orally or rectally in order to produce high variations in plasma paracetamol concentrations postoperatively. At 30 minutes after the end of surgery a pain score (0–10) was obtained and a venous blood sample was taken for serum paracetamol concentration analysis. Children given paracetamol elixir had a higher mean paracetamol concentration (0.15 [SD 0.06] mmol/l vs 0.05 [SD 0.03] mmol/l, P < 0.001) and a lower median pain score (5 vs 7, P < 0.02) than those who were given suppositories. The use of rescue morphine was higher (10 vs 23, P < 0.001) in the latter group. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was the same in both groups (20%) during the 24 hour postoperative period. Plasma paracetamol concentrations of 0.066–0.132 mmol/l are known to reduce temperature; plasma paracetamol concentrations which provide analgesia are unknown. Children with plasma paracetamol concentrations above 0.07 mmol/l had superior analgesia to those with concentrations below this level (P < 0.05).

scholarly journals Comparative effectiveness of simultaneous administration of mifepristone and misoprostol versus interval regimen of mifepristone followed by misoprostol 12 hours apart in second trimester medical abortion

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2449
Author(s):  
Arunima Saini ◽  
Preet Kamal Bedi ◽  
Nisha Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Simultaneous Administration ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Trimester Abortion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Second Trimester Abortion ◽  
Vaginal Misoprostol ◽  
Group B

Background: In second trimester abortion, medical methods are preferred. Prostaglandins are the most widely used. Amongst them, misoprostol is the most commonly used. Thus, the study was conducted to delineate the effectiveness of simultaneous administration of mifepristone and misoprostol versus interval regimen mifepristone followed by misoprostol 12 hours apart in second trimester medical abortion.Methods: It was a prospective, single centered, comparative study conducted on 50 patients in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GMC, Amritsar coming for second trimester abortion, either elective or emergency, with gestational age between 12-20 weeks. Initially, 53 patients were enrolled in the study, 3 patients dropped out at different stages of study. Finally, 50 patients were enrolled and divided into two groups of 25 patients each by 1:1 randomization. In Group-A, mifepristone 200 mg orally along with misoprostol 600µg vaginally were given simultaneously, followed by 400 µg vaginal misoprostol every 4 hours for a maximum of five doses in 24 hours. Group-B initially received mifepristone 200 mg per oral followed by 12 hours later misoprostol 400µg vaginally and then 400µg vaginal misoprostol every 4 hours for a maximum of five doses in 24 hours. Primary outcome measure was effectiveness of regimen in complete abortion, which was confirmed on pelvic ultrasound 1-week after the last dose. Secondary outcome measure was to compare the induction abortion interval (IAI), dose of misoprostol required and adverse drug reaction (ADR) among both the regimens. P-value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: Mean age in Group-A was 25.68±3.79 years while in Group-B was 23.40±2.73 years. Both the regimens had success rate of 76% for complete abortion. However, IAI in Group-A was 5.9±4.47 hours whereas in Group-B was 9.6±5.07 hours, which was statistically significant (p= 0.009). A statistically significant difference was also observed in the mean dose of misoprostol between two groups that is, 1000±200µg and 1425±437.41µg respectively (p=0.01). Gestational age was related to IAI from 13 to 17.6 weeks in both groups (p=0.01) while no significant relation was seen between them in more than 17.6 weeks of gestation (p=0.63).Conclusions: Simultaneous administration of mifepristone and misoprostol showed better results than interval regimen in term of significant lesser induction abortion interval, lower dosages of misoprostol required with comparable success rates.

scholarly journals Exhausted Capacity of Bicarbonate Buffer in Renal Failure Diagnosed Using Point of Care Analyzer

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Tomasz Gołębiowski ◽  
Mariusz Kusztal ◽  
Andrzej Konieczny ◽  
Magdalena Kuriata-Kordek ◽  
Ada Gawryś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bicarbonate Buffer ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Metabolic acidosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common complication. A bicarbonate concentration in venous blood (V-HCO3−) is a key index for diagnosis and treatment initiation. The aim of our study is to evaluate usability of acid–base balance parameters of in blood taken simultaneously from peripheral artery and the vein. Methods: A total of 49 patients (median age 66 years [interquartile range IQR 45–75]), with CKD stage G4 or G5 were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All patients were qualified for arteriovenous fistula creation in pre-dialysis period. The samples were taken during surgery, directly after dissection, and evaluated in a point of care testing analyzer. The arteriovenous difference in bicarbonate levels (Δ-HCO3−) was calculated. According to glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) the group was divided into Group A eGFR ≥ 10 mL/min/1.73 m2) and Group B eGFR < 10 mL/min/1.73 m2). Results: In Group A Δ-HCO3− was significantly higher compared to Group B. No such differences were observed in the case of V-HCO3−. Δ-HCO3− positively correlated with eGFR. The discriminative power of Δ-HCO3− for predicting eGFR < 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.551–0.88; p = 0.01) which provided 67% sensitivity and 75% specificity. The best cut-off was 0.5 mmol/L. Conclusions: The Δ-HCO3− lower than 0.5 mmol/L may be used as predictor of exhaust buffer capacity. The value of this tool should be tested in larger population.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF ORAL FLUIDS AND INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF AMNIOTIC FLUID INDEX DURING THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-83
Author(s):  
Mehwish Malik ◽  
Samina Irshaad ◽  
Nadia Ahmed Bokhari ◽  
Wardah Ajaz Qazi ◽  
Asia Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Intravenous Fluids ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: To assess the effects of oral fluids and intravenous fluids in terms of frequency of improving Amniotic Fluid Index during third trimester of pregnancy having oligohydramnios.Study Design: Comparative prospective survey. Place and Duration of Study: Obstetrics and Gynaecological Department of Fauji Foundation HospitalRawalpindi, from Apr 2018 to Oct 2018. Methodology: A total of 100 patients with singleton pregnancy (50 in each group) at gestational age of 28-37weeks and AFI of 5cm or less than 5cm were included. Non probability consecutive sampling technique wasused. Ethics approval from hospital ethical committee and research board was taken. Patients were randomizedinto 2 groups (50 patients each) by lottery method. Group A was instructed to drink 2 liters of water per day fora time period of seven days and patients in group B was given 2 liters of 5% D/W which was in addition to theirnormal fluids intake. Amniotic fluid index was measured pre hydration and post hydration in both groups. Datawas analyzed using SPSS-21. Results: Mean age of the patients was 33.62 ± 5.45 years and 34.70 ± 4.76 years for groups A and B respectively.In group A and group B mean gestational age was 34.28 ± 1.85 weeks vs 34.32 ± 1.82 weeks. In group A, 44 (88%)..............

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hypoglycaemic Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase–4 Inhibitors and Biguanide on Type-2 Diabetic subjects: A six months trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
Naghma Ms. ◽  
Sadia M Azam Khan ◽  
Atta Ullah Khan ◽  
Zahoor Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Umar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Objective: This trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of oral hypoglycemic agents on diabetic control and biochemical parameters of known diabetic subjects. Introduction:  T2DM   occurs due to abnormal metabolism of carbohydrate, proteins and lipids leading to increased blood glucose characterized by polyuria and polydypsia due to relative 5deficiency or lack of insulin. Beside dietary control and insulin therapy, various oral hypoglycemic such as sulfonylurea biguanide, thiazolidinedione, DPP–4 inhibitors, glucagon–like peptide inhibitors and SGL2.   Material and Methods: This comparative trial was carried out on previously diagnosed type–2 diabetic subjects. This trial was conducted at health care centers of District Nowshehra viz. NMC Nowshehra, DHQ Hospital Nowshehra, and ICS, Peshawar in collaboration with KMC and PIMC Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 200 known diabetic subjects were randomly recruited on the basis of predetermined selection criteria and were splited into two groups. Group A having 100 diabetic subjects was given DPP–4 inhibitor; Sitagliptin 50 mg two times a day alone for six (06) months while Group B comprising of 100 patients were treated   with combination of DPP–4 inhibitor (Sitagliptin 50 mg 1BD) and Metformin in a dose of 500 mg two times a day. Venous blood samples were taken from each patient in both fasting (10–12 hour night long fast) and random (2 hour post prandial) state. FBS, RBS, HbA1C, S. creatinine and fasting S. lipid profile were determined by using spectrophotometric colorimetric methods using kits (procured from Elitech, Spain) at  03 and 06 months follow up. Inclusion criteria was subjects with T2DM of age 18 years and above. T2DM patients on insulin, diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy were excluded. The data was analyzed by using SPSS software version 20. Results: Significant results (p < 0.05) were seen for glycemic control (FBS, RBS, HbA1C) in Group B as compare to Group A patients.

Exercise-Induced Platelet Activation in Myocardial Infarction Survivors with Normal Coronary Arteriogram

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ph Douste-Blazy ◽  
P Sié ◽  
B Boneu ◽  
J Marco ◽  
N Eche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

SummaryPlatelet activation may participate in the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction occurring in patients with normal coronary arteriogram. We investigated this possibility in a series of 9 such patients (group A) during a standardized bicycle excercise test as myocardial infarction had occurred in all of them during or soon after strong physical exercise. Twelve patients with effort-induced angina and coronary atherosclerosis (group B) and eleven healthy subjects (group C) served as test groups. Peripheral venous blood was collected by separate venipuncture before, at peak exercise and during recovery. As a sensitive index of activation, the shape of the circulating platelets was examined with a phase contrast microscope after instantaneous fixation of the whole blood. The percentage of non strictly disc-shaped platelets with one or more thin pseudopods was determined. Simultaneously, the plasma levels of platelet factor 4 (PF4) and of beta-thromboglobulin (β-TG) were measured. At rest, there was no significant difference in the platelet morphology nor in the plasma levels of platelet specific proteins between the three groups. During exercise, a significant change in platelet shape occurred in group A and B patients and not in the healthy subjects. This platelet activation was not related to myocardial ischemia since it occurred to a similar extent in group B patients who developed electrocardiographic changes and in group A patients who did not. There was no detectable release of platelet proteins during exercise in any group.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document