EARLY STOMACH CANCER DIAGNOSTICS TREATMENT PREVENTION

Fitoterapia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Y. A. Filippov ◽  
◽  
T. V. Evtushenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Treatment Implementation

Keywords: Stomach cancer (Carcinoma ventriculi), early diagnosis, vortex magnetic field The presented data allow us to solve the main problems in the fight against stomach cancer. 1. Early diagnosis is very important in the stomach cancer timely treatment. Implementation of the early diagnosticsis relevant in the future of preserving the country’s population health. The use of prediction capabilities in the distribution of the population into risk groups with the allocation of a high risk group should be effective. The diagnosis quality depends on gastroscopy, exfoliative cytological or histological examination of gastrobiopsy material, determination of tumor markers (Cancer Embryonic Antigen, Specific Antigen-72-4). 2. Damaging factors action prevention on the gastric mucosa when using a magnetotherapy apparatus with a vortex component “Vitma-1”. Alternating vortex magnetic field, the proteolytic activity of gastric juice changes. It is possible to suppress the increased aggressiveness of the acid-peptic factor, which accompanies gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer; or to stimulate a pepsin activity increase in case of a decrease in the gastric juice proteolytic activity. 3. A significant role is assigned to a specific diet and the natural herbal remedies use in the risk group for the disease prevention.

scholarly journals POS0392 PRESENCE OF FOUR SERUM AUTOANTIBODIES ASSOCIATES WITH THE ACPA STATUS IN EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 425.3-426
Author(s):  
L. Lourido ◽  
C. Ruiz-Romero ◽  
L. Collado ◽  
M. Hansson ◽  
L. Klareskog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Early Ra ◽  
Acpa Status

Background:The presence of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that precede the development of the disease by years and is used for its clinical diagnosis. However, there are RA subjects that test negative for ACPA and thus the early diagnosis on these patients may be delayed. Furthermore, the presence or absence of ACPA in RA supports the hypothesis that on these two subsets of patients underlie different pathogenesis and clinical outcomes.Objectives:In this work, we searched for serum autoantibodies useful to assist the early diagnosis of ACPA-seronegative RA and its management.Methods:We profiled the serum autoantibody repertoire of 80 ACPA-seronegative and 80 ACPA-seropositive RA subjects from the Swedish population-based Epidemiological Investigation of RA (EIRA) cohort. A suspension bead array platform built on protein fragments within Human Protein Atlas and selected from an initial untargeted screening using arrays containing 2660 total antigens was employed to identify IgG and IgA serum autoantibodies. A validation phase on antigen suspension bead arrays was carried out on another set of samples from EIRA containing 386 ACPA-seropositive, 358 ACPA-seronegative and 372 randomly selected control subjects of the same age and sex. A sample-specific threshold based on 20 times the median absolute deviation plus the median of all signals was selected to determine the reactivity of samples. The Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher’s test were applied for the comparison of autoantibody levels and reactivity frequencies between the groups.Results:Our data revealed four antigens associated with the ACPA status (Table 1). Testis-specific Y-encoded-like protein 4 (TSPYL4) showed significantly higher IgG reactivity frequency in ACPA-seronegative subjects compared to ACPA-seropositive (8% vs. 3%; P<0.05). Significant differences at IgG autoantibody levels (P<0.05) were also observed between ACPA-seronegative subjects and controls for this specific antigen. Significantly higher IgG autoantibody levels (P<0.05) towards another antigen, dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MAP2K6), were also observed in ACPA-seronegative subjects compared to ACPA-seropositive and controls. In contrast, we found significantly higher IgG autoantibody levels (P<0.05) in ACPA-seropositive individuals compared to ACPA-seronegative and controls towards two antigens, anosmin-1 (ANOS-1) and muscle related coiled-coil protein (MURC). ANOS-1 shows also significantly higher IgG reactivity frequency in ACPA-seropositive individuals compared to ACPA-seronegative and controls (22%, 9% and 6% respectively; P<0.05). Interestingly, three out of the four antigens discovered to be associated with the ACPA status in early RA are highly expressed in lungs and heart, two of the main extraarticular sites affected in RA. No significant differences were observed at IgA levels for any of the antigens analyzed.Table 1.Scheme of the different phases of the study, the features within each phase and the results. The reactivity to four antigens allows to distinguish ACPA-seronegative (ACPA-), ACPA seropositive (ACPA+) and controls.PhasesUntargeteddiscoveryTargeteddiscoveryTargetedvalidationNumber of samples80 ACPA-80 ACPA-358 ACPA-372 Controls80 ACPA+80 ACPA+386 ACPA+Antigen arrayplatformPlanararraysSuspensionbead array 1Suspensionbead array 2Number of antigens26606227Number of candidatebiomarkers6227 4 (TSPYL4,MAP2K6,ANOS1,MURC)Conclusion:Upon further validation in other early RA sample cohorts, our data suggest the measurement of these four autoantibodies may be useful for the early diagnosis of ACPA-seronegative RA and give insight into the pathogenesis of the different RA subsets.Characters from table content including title and footnotes:Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Naujų prostatos specifinio antigeno izoformų reikšmė ankstyvajai prostatos vėžio diagnostikai

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Marija Barisienė
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Specific Antigen

Significance of new prostate-specific antigen isoforms for early diagnosis of prostate cancer

scholarly journals Detecting Novel Urine Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer: Platelet Derived Growth Factor-BB as a Possible New Target

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Skarmoutsos ◽  
Ioannis Skarmoutsos ◽  
Ioannis Katafigiotis ◽  
Elisavet Tataki ◽  
Athina Giagini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Transrectal Biopsy

Introduction: Although the prostate specific antigen revolutionized the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa), it has its limitations. We prospectively examined the potential use of the platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) as a urine biomarker for the early diagnosis of PCa. Materials and Methods: The urine samples of 118 patients were collected after a prostatic massage and all the patients subsequently underwent ultrasound-guided transrectal biopsy. PDGF-BB was detected in the urine by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Patients with PCa had greater levels of prostate specific antigen and PDGF-BB. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-of of PDGF-BB for the prediction of PCa was 1,504.9 with a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 51.3%. For a 100 unit increase in PDGF-BB, the likelihood for PCa increased about 4%. Conclusion: PDGF-BB showed a significant predictive ability for PCa. Detection of PDGF-BB in urine with Elisa was easy and improved our diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of PCa.

scholarly journals Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Imaging as a Prognostic Tool in Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer: Correlation with PSA and Clinical Stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingchen Wu ◽  
Petri Reinikainen ◽  
Mika Kapanen ◽  
Tuula Vierikko ◽  
Pertti Ryymin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Transfer Constant ◽  
Dce Mri ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Background and Purpose. Although several methods have been developed to predict the outcome of patients with prostate cancer, early diagnosis of individual patient remains challenging. The aim of the present study was to correlate tumor perfusion parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and clinical prognostic factors and further to explore the diagnostic value of DCE-MRI parameters in early stage prostate cancer. Patients and Methods. Sixty-two newly diagnosed patients with histologically proven prostate adenocarcinoma were enrolled in our prospective study. Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (12 cores, 6 on each lobe) was performed in each patient. Pathology was reviewed and graded according to the Gleason system. DCE-MRI was performed and analyzed using a two-compartmental model; quantitative parameters including volume transfer constant (Ktrans), reflux constant (Kep), and initial area under curve (iAUC) were calculated from the tumors and correlated with prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Gleason score, and clinical stage. Results. Ktrans (0.11 ± 0.02 min−1 versus 0.16 ± 0.06 min−1; p<0.05), Kep (0.38 ± 0.08 min−1 versus 0.60 ± 0.23 min−1; p<0.01), and iAUC (14.33 ± 2.66 mmoL/L/min versus 17.40 ± 5.97 mmoL/L/min; p<0.05) were all lower in the clinical stage T1c tumors (tumor number, n=11) than that of tumors in clinical stage T2 (n=58). Serum PSA correlated with both tumor Ktrans (r=0.304, p<0.05) and iAUC (r=0.258, p<0.05). Conclusions. Our study has confirmed that DCE-MRI is a promising biomarker that reflects the microcirculation of prostate cancer. DCE-MRI in combination with clinical prognostic factors may provide an effective new tool for the basis of early diagnosis and treatment decisions.

Iginio Tansini (1855–1943): An Italian surgeon and an innovator between the 19th and the 20th centuries

2020 ◽  
pp. 096777202090422
Author(s):  
Paolo Zampetti ◽  
Giuseppe Merlati ◽  
Michele A Riva
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Myocutaneous Flap ◽  
Full Professor ◽  
Plastic Reconstruction ◽  
Innovative Technique ◽  
The University

The aim of this paper is to describe the figure of the Italian surgeon Iginio Tansini (1855–1943), who was full professor of surgery and director of the Department of Surgery at the University of Pavia (1903–1931). In that period, he modernized the School of Surgery founded by Antonio Scarpa (1752–1832) in the previous century; he introduced the experimental method in the discipline. One of his major contributions was an innovative technique of mastectomy followed by plastic reconstruction with myocutaneous flap. Tansini was a pioneer in oncology, supporting the importance of an early diagnosis based on a biopsy; he was also the first in Italy to practice a gastrectomy for stomach cancer with success in 1887.

Characterization of proteases and protease inhibitors in the rat stomach

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (5) ◽  
pp. G1151-G1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nagy ◽  
B. R. Johnson ◽  
P. Hauschka ◽  
S. Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Heat Inactivation ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Rat Stomach ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Fasted Rats ◽  
Thiol Proteinase

Previously our laboratory reported increased activity of the thiol proteinase cathepsin B in gastric juice after ethanol-induced mucosal injury. In this study we measured proteinase activity (PA) and proteinase inhibitory activity (PIA) with the general substrates hemoglobin, azocasein, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) at optimal pH (2.0, 5.6, and 7.4) of aspartic, cysteine, and serine proteinases. Homogenates of glandular stomach mucosa and gastric juice from fasted rats were incubated in the presence or absence of specific inhibitors and sulfhydryl (SH) alkylators N-ethylmaleimide and iodoacetate. PIA was measured after acid and heat inactivation of endogenous proteinases and addition of 20 micrograms/ml pepsin, 20 or 100 micrograms/ml thiol proteinase papain, or 20 micrograms/ml trypsin for 5 min before digestion at 37 degrees C. The highest proteolytic activity was found at pH 2.0 (pepsin) in juice and mucosal homogenate, but proteases were also found at pH 5.6 and 7.4, where pepsin was inactive. Pepstatin inhibited most proteolytic activity at pH 2.0. The SH protease inhibitor leupeptin diminished PA mainly at pH 5.6. N-ethylmaleimide or iodoacetate substantially reduced the PA in acidic milieu, with maximum effect at pH 5.6. Endogenous PIA, expressed as inhibition of the effect of 1 microgram of pepsin, papain, and trypsin on BSA, was 13.1, 1.4, and 9.2% in gastric mucosa and 15.3, 22.5, and 6.2% in gastric juice at pH 2.0, 5.6, and 7.4, respectively. We have concluded that 1) endogenous proteinases and inhibitors in rat stomach can be measured using BSA and hemoglobin as substrates, 2) of the proteinases found in the stomach, 98% was pepsin at pH 2.0 and up to 27% or 17% was SH sensitive at pH 5.6 or 7.4, respectively, and 3) proteinases and their specific endogenous inhibitors may play a role in gastric mucosal injury and protection.

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