Performance: The Role of the Audience

Author(s):  
Fiona Sampson
Keyword(s):  

This chapter considers how we experience as well as draw meaning from music and poetry. Far from arguing about the true value of a poem or a piece of music, the chapter instead emphasises a smaller and more ‘intimate’ way of experiencing artforms. The point is simply that whatever is there, in a piece of music or a poem, is something we co-create each time that work happens. One way to say this might be that experience is something that cannot exist without us, but that is built into verse and music so as to be released by us. It is not raw time, but it is a temporal element that we are the measure of — and that is also the measure of us. Their experiential nature is what makes poetry and music chronologic; and experience is what locates us as ourselves.

Author(s):  
Joshua S. Walden

The first chapter examines musical portraits of literary figures. It first explores Virgil Thomson’s multiple works in the genre including his portrait of Gertrude Stein, to interpret the influence of Stein’s modernist literary portraits on Thomson’s compositions. It then turns to Pierre Boulez’s orchestral portrait Pli selon pli: portrait de Mallarmé. Analyzing Boulez’s incorporation of elements of Stéphane Mallarmé’s poetry as well as the complex and idiosyncratic theories regarding the relationship between poetry and music that Mallarmé developed in his essays. Through the discussion of these portraits, the chapter addresses the crucial role of language in the musical representation of identity.


Author(s):  
Abdennasser Naji

The education system is organized in the form of cycles, each feeding the one following it with learners. They will continue their studies in the destination cycle, and their future will certainly depend, at least in part, on the quality of the skills acquired in the previous cycle. Given the divergences and disparities existing between the different cycles mainly due to the fact that each responds to its own design logic and in the absence of coordination between them, there is a huge lack of quality to gain at the interface of the cycles . The referral system that plays the role of supply service needs to be updated to strengthen educational quality, but it is not the only one. It is also necessary to help the orienting staff to assess the quality of the learners at its true value, to set up partnership links between the cycles to help each other in favor of quality, and to set up reception control systems at the entry of each cycle, supported by corrective and preventive measures.


Author(s):  
Dominic Scott

This chapter discusses the effects that education can have on a person’s receptiveness to argument. The main focus is upon two passages in the Republic about poetry and music. In book III, Socrates claims that exposure to beauty in the arts can prepare one to engage in rational argument. On the negative side, book X analyses the damage allegedly done by tragedy and comedy to the minds of the audience. Overall, I conclude that, although music and poetry have a significant effect on our susceptibility to argument, exposure to good art is not actually necessary for enabling one to follow the shorter route, and exposure to bad art does not necessarily disqualify one. At the end of the chapter I consider two further passages about the effects of education and upbringing, one about gymnastics in book III, the other about the use of dialectic on the young in book VII.


1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 815
Author(s):  
N.G. Grollman

As the preferred 'growth fuel' at the turn of the millennium, natural gas carries a great weight of expectations. Globally, it offers a partial solution to the problem of greenhouse gas emissions as a substitute for other fossil fuels, while at the same time reducing the security risks attached to dependence on oil by providing greater diversity of energy supply. Regionally, it is envisaged as the 'clean' fuel that will render Asia's burgeoning cities more livable. In Australia, it lies at the heart of a process of energy market liberalisation aimed at improved economic efficiency and expansion of Australia's energy-intensive export industries. This process, however, has yet to internalise the true value of gas in regard to environment and security. Moreover, whether the prosperity promised to the East Asia/Pacific region as a whole by new pipelines and LNG plants will be environmentally and logistically sustainable is a political question linked to events outside the region. As gas infrastructure becomes more regional in concept, and energy markets converge and become more competitive, there is a risk that the security and environmental problems associated with the 'age of oil', far from being ameliorated, will be perpetuated.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (96) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
N. M. Khomyn ◽  
A. R. Mysak ◽  
S. V. Tsisinska ◽  
V. V. Pritsak ◽  
Yu. M. Lenyo ◽  
...  

It is well known that the value of full feeding of farm animals is an important condition for the production of livestock products. Because of the researches of many scientists was found that the value of feed is determined by the content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, as well as vitamins, minerals and so on. However, the true value of the feed is determined by the part that is digestible and can be used by the body in the metabolism process. In the event of a violation of feeding level associated with the lack of nutrients or minerals of animals or their deficiency, the development of osteodystrophic processes is observed, which directly contribute to changes in the tendon-ligamentous apparatus of the finger of animals, there is an occurrence of prolonged osteotendinitis of the finger flexors, which causes to fingers extension, partially or completely removed from the hoof wall support, and overload of crumbs. Tightening of the crumb support is accompanied by the appearance of the skin of the hoof inflammatory process, excessive horn growth and deformation of the horn capsule. The final confirmation of osteodystrophy is the results of a multivariate mass volumetric analysis of the skeleton state and determination of the magnitude of the angles of the joints of the fingers. On the side of the hoof horn, there is an increase in the moisture content and SH-groups and a decrease in g-keratosis, which affects the biophysical properties of the hoof horn, which are shown by a decrease in density and hardness. Such changes indicate a deterioration in the quality of the hoof horn, a confirmation of which is a decrease in the intensity of erasing of the sole horn, the development of deformation and the occurrence of aseptic inflammation of the base of the skin of the sole horn.


Author(s):  
Mary S. McCabe ◽  
Todd Alan Pickard

Overview: The number of cancer survivors in the United States now approaches 12 million individuals, with an estimated 7.2% of the general population aged 18 years or older reporting a previous cancer diagnosis. These figures highlight a number of questions about the care of survivors—how patients at risk for a known set of health problems should be followed, by whom, and for how long. At the same time that oncologists are developing strategies to provide services to this growing population, there are economic and systems challenges that have relevance to the previous questions, including a predicted national shortage of physicians to provide oncology services. Nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) have been identified as members of the health care team who can help reduce the oncology supply and demand gap in a number of ways. The ASCO Study of Collaborative Practice Arrangements (SCPA) in 2011 concluded that oncology patients were aware and satisfied when their care was provided by NPs and PAs; there was an increase in productivity in practices that utilized NPs and PAs; utilizing the full scope of practice of NPs and PAs was financially advantageous; and, physicians, NPs, and PAs are highly satisfied with their collaborative practices. Increasingly, the oncology and health policy literature contains evidence supporting innovative provider models. There is still much work to be done to move beyond pilot data to establish the true value of these models.


Author(s):  
Green James A

This chapter examines the ‘role’ or ‘value’ of the persistent objector rule. Firstly, the chapter sets out and critiques the voluntarist conception of the persistent objector rule in more detail than has been done in previous chapters. It then considers competing theoretical approaches to international legal obligation, broadly grouped together as being ‘communitarian’ in nature. Such communitarian approaches have tended to dismiss the persistent objector rule along with their dismissal of voluntarism. It is argued that holistic, absolutist theoretical accounts of customary international law fail to take into account its chaotic nature in reality. The chapter therefore argues this it is problematic to appraise the value of the persistent objector rule from the perspective of either voluntarism or communitarianism. Drawing upon some insights from rational choice theory, it is argued that the rule is inherently one of balance, and that its true value lies in its practical benefits both for individual objectors and the wider international community. The chapter then assesses the rule's various functional benefits as a ‘safety valve’. The chapter also examines the contributions that persistent objection can make to the development of customary international law. At the end of the chapter, the text briefly notes that many of the benefits of the persistent objector rule may, at least in part, stem from the perception of state autonomy that it creates.


2011 ◽  
Vol 323 (20) ◽  
pp. 2453-2457 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.I. Zverev ◽  
R.R. Gimaev ◽  
A.M. Tishin ◽  
Ya. Mudryk ◽  
K.A. Gschneidner ◽  
...  

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (06) ◽  
pp. 1750034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monojit Ghosh ◽  
Srubabati Goswami ◽  
Sushant K. Raut

The T2K experiment has provided the first hint for the best-fit value for the leptonic CP phase [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text] from neutrino data. This is now corroborated by the NO[Formula: see text]A neutrino runs. We study the implications for neutrino mass hierarchy and octant of [Formula: see text] in the context of this data assuming that the true value of [Formula: see text] in nature is [Formula: see text]. Based on simple arguments on degeneracies in the probabilities, we show that a clear signal of [Formula: see text] coming from T2K neutrino (antineutrino) data is only possible if the true hierarchy is normal and the true octant is higher (lower). Thus, if the T2K neutrino and antineutrino data are fitted separately and both give the true value of [Formula: see text], this will imply that nature has chosen the true hierarchy to be normal and [Formula: see text]. However, we find that the combined fit of neutrino and antineutrino data will still point to true hierarchy as normal but the octant of [Formula: see text] will remain undetermined. We do our analysis for both, the current projected exposure ([Formula: see text] pot) and planned extended exposure ([Formula: see text] pot). We also present the CP discovery potential of T2K emphasizing on the role of antineutrinos. We find that one of the main contributions of the antineutrino data is to remove the degenerate solutions with the wrong octant. Thus, the antineutrino run plays a more significant role for those hierarchy-octant combinations for which this degeneracy is present. If this degeneracy is absent, then only neutrino run gives a better result for fixed [Formula: see text]. However, if we marginalize over [Formula: see text] then, sensitivity corresponding to mixed run can be better than pure neutrino run.


2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 91-123
Author(s):  
Maciej Zachariasiewicz

The article is dedicated to the (still relatively unknown) EU Regulation 2016/1191. The Regulation disposes of some of the formalities with respect to circulation of the public documents within EU. In particular, no legalization in any form, including the apostille under the Hague Convention, will be needed with respect to documents covered by the Regulation. Unliked originally planned by the Commission, the Regulation does not, unfortunately, completes a more challenging goal of mandating recognition of the civil status throughout the Union. This issue still remains subject to national conflict-of-law rules. Moreover, the scope of Regulation is relatively narrow. It does not, again regrettably, apply to many public documents which are crucial in cross-border transactions (excerpts from commercial registers, powers of attorney for sale of immovable property). The author analyses to what extent Regulation 2016/1191 offers progress in circulation of documents. This question is first raised in light of the long standing application of the Hague Apostille Convention. The author then attempts to discern the effective role of the Regulation given the fact that under Article 1138 of the Polish Code of Civil Procedure, no legalization in any form is in principle required for the foreign public documents to be treated as authentic and official proof in Poland (although the practice often is to ask for the apostille even if not required by law). Still, the Regulation 2016/1138 might come of assistance for the parties in some respects. First, it will facilitate acceptance of Polish public documents in those Member States, which have so far required apostille. Second, the Regulation may help to overcome an incorrect practice in Poland of requiring apostille by the officials, where Article 1138 actually dispenses of such formality. Third, the Regulation introduces an administrative cooperation based on the IMI system which allows to verify doubts as to the authenticity of the public document from another Member States. This last feature of the Regulation, it is argued, may prove of its true value to the freedom of circulation of public documents within the EU.


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