‘The pelting of [a] pitiless storm’: Thunder and Lightning in King Lear

2019 ◽  
pp. 150-175
Author(s):  
Sophie Chiari
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
King Lear ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Divine Origin ◽  
The Voice

King Lear (1605-06), where the vehemence of the old king’s defiant speeches is matched by the raging storm striking the heath, is what we may call a climatic play. If, in Of the lavves of ecclesiasticall politie (1593), Richard Hooker assumed that natural phenomena coincide with the voice of God, the playwright here questions the alleged divine origin of climatic manifestations in a dark and nihilistic vision of life. As Lear fights against the storm, superbly staging his own distress, he proceeds to an inverted exorcism, wishing he could destroy all forms of human life rather than recovering his mental sanity. This chapter argues that, influenced by Lucretius’ atomism, the play provides a truly epicurean vision of the skies makes an extensive dramatic use of the humoural and cosmological interplay of the four elements. Eventually, as gall invades Lear’s heart and eradicates both hope and tenderness, a disquietingly grotesque tonality pervades the tragedy and forces us to look at the title part’s internal turmoil.

METEOROLOGICAL VOCABULARY IN UKRAINIAN AND CHINESE LANGUAGES: SYSTEMATIC TRANSLATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (31) ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Natalia Gavrilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Ancient People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Within the anthropocentric paradigm of modern linguistics there is a steady interest in the human factor in language, which, among other things, is realized through the close attention of researchers to the theory of linguistic pictures of the world, which fully reflects the uniqueness of peoples Human life and activity are inseparable from nature. Nature is one, but manifests itself in various forms. In the process of learning about nature, man tries to realize both its unity and diversity. A special place in the perception of the world by man is occupied by climatic and weather phenomena that affect human behavior in the world, various aspects of his life, including economic, as well as well-being. In the IV century. BC became aware of the impact of fluctuations in weather conditions on human health. For example, Hippocrates established a close link between human disease and the weather conditions in which he lives. Over the centuries, people have gathered a variety of knowledge about nature: from misunderstanding of natural phenomena, fear of them, inherent in ancient people, to today’s scientific knowledge of nature, from the first folk signs of weather to the formation of modern science — meteorology. Nature as a source of everything necessary for man has an impact on both the material and spiritual culture of society. Therefore, knowledge of meteorological phenomena occupies an important place in the awareness of reality. The article considers the peculiarities of meteorological vocabulary in Chinese and Ukrainian languages, as well as the peculiarities of meteorological vocabulary translation in two languages.

Guiding Principles of Jewish Business Ethics

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Green
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Product Liability ◽  
Recent Case ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Moral Requirement ◽  
Divine Origin ◽  
Hasidic Jews ◽  
Guiding Principles

Abstract:This discussion develops six of the most important guiding principles of classical Jewish business ethics and illustrates their application to a complex recent case of product liability. These principles are: (1) the legitimacy of business activity and profit; (2) the divine origin and ordination of wealth (and hence the limits and obligations of human ownership); (3) the preeminent position in decision making given to the protection and preservation (sanctity) of human life; (4) the protection of consumers from commercial harm; (5) the avoidance of fraud and misrepresentation in sales transactions; and (6) the moral requirement to go beyond the letter of the law. Although these Talmudic principles are clearly obligatory only for “Torah-obedient” Orthodox and Hasidic Jews, many Jews share a sensibility informed by them. Non-Jews, too, may be instructed by Jewish teachings about business ethics.

scholarly journals Bioethics as an Anthropological Challenge

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3Sup1) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kondratska ◽  
◽  
Liudmila Romanovska ◽  
Tetiana Kravchyna ◽  
Nataliia Korolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Technology Enhanced Learning ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Virtual Experiments ◽  
Interdisciplinary Course ◽  
Enhanced Learning ◽  
The Voice

The subject of the proposed paper is the disclosure of prerequisites and determinants of the implementation of the soteriological concept of studying the interdisciplinary course of bioethics, the structural model and synectic algorithm of its comprehension and epistemological map of formation of soteriological competence of the future specialist during the study of bioethics. The methodological basis for the implementation of the proposed project is the theory of research-oriented professional education (Inquiry Based Science Education) and, thereafter, technology of advanced learning (Technology Enhanced Learning), which provide wide opportunities to study the course of bioethics in the form of observation of remote virtual experiments on the portal Go-Lab; GRAASP environment for the implementation of author's developments and pedagogically structured programs in the process of performative interaction between teacher and students. The scientific novelty of the material is to substantiate the content of anthropological competencies of future specialists in biomedical specialties and the strategies of obtaining them on the basis of the principles of hermeneutic didactics. Conclusions. Today, obviously, the task of bioethics is not only to protect nature and human life, but also to participate in the realization of the high mission of Salvation. This defines the research field of bioethics as a space of secret dialogue, in which it is desirable to find a place not only for the voice of clinicians, pharmacists, engineers, philosophers, public figures, but also the pastoral voice of the Church.

Guiding Principles of Jewish Ethics

2001 ◽  
pp. 367-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Green
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Product Liability ◽  
Recent Case ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Moral Requirement ◽  
Jewish Ethics ◽  
Divine Origin ◽  
Guiding Principles

This discussion develops six of the most important guiding principles of classical Jewish business ethics and illustrates their application to a complex recent case of product liability. These principles are: (1) the legitimacy of business activity and profit; (2) the divine origin and ordination of wealth (and hence the limits and obligations of human ownership); (3) the preeminent position in decision making given to the protection and preservation (sanctity) of human life; (4) the protection of consumers from commercial harm; (5) the avoidance of fraud and misrepresentation in sales transactions; and (6)the moral requirement to go beyond the letter of the law. Although these Talmudic principles are clearly obligatory only for "Torah-obedient" Orthodox and Hasidic Jews, many Jews share a sensibility informed by them. Non-Jews, too, may be instructed by Jewish teachings about business ethics.

Dispossession and Disintegration, Pity and Fear: The instrumentality of objects in two productions of King Lear

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
King Lear ◽  
National Theatre ◽  
Word And Image ◽  
Extended Application ◽  
Theatre Production ◽  
The Face ◽  
Affective Impact ◽  
Creative Team ◽  
Contemporary Context

Acknowledging the limits of theatre activism in the face of escalating displays of power and social injustices which define a contemporary context for staging Shakespearean (and classical) tragedy, this article reflects on the Take Away Shakespeare Company production of King Lear (1998) and on Jonathan Munby’s National Theatre production of the play (2018). As a member of the creative team of the 1998 production, the author takes on the quasi-archaeological exercise of piecing together residual fragments. Following Stephen Halliwell, the article revisits the value of pity and fear as critical tools for analysing modes of response, since these may be more analytically productive than empathy, which suffers from extended application and overuse. The roles of spectator and designer both raise pressing questions about theatre as a medium in relation to the intertwining of form and reception. The affective impact of intertwined word and image – actor and object – invites analysis of the rhetoric of the objects embedded in the action of Shakespeare’s plays. In King Lear, variously deployed, ‘things’ augment words as crucial mechanisms for advancing action and staging violations of human life and dignity, triggering responses of pity and fear.

scholarly journals Concept Formation in Political Science: An Anti-Naturalist Critique of Qualitative Methodology

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Bevir ◽  
Asaf Kedar
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Concept Formation ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Philosophical Critique ◽  
Philosophical Framework

This article offers an anti-naturalist philosophical critique of the naturalist tendencies within qualitative concept formation as developed most prominently by Giovanni Sartori and David Collier. We begin by articulating the philosophical distinction between naturalism and anti-naturalism. Whereas naturalism assumes that the study of human life is not essentially different from the study of natural phenomena, anti-naturalism highlights the meaningful and contingent nature of social life, the situatedness of the scholar, and so the dialogical nature of social science. These two contrasting philosophical approaches inspire, in turn, different strategies of concept formation. Naturalism encourages concept formation that involves reification, essentialism, and an instrumentalist view of language. Anti-naturalism, conversely, challenges reified concepts for eliding the place of meanings, essentialist concepts for eliding the place of contingency, and linguistic instrumentalism for eliding the situatedness of the scholar and the dialogical nature of social science. Based on this philosophical framework, we subject qualitative concept formation to a philosophical critique. We show how the conceptual strategies developed by Sartori and Collier embody a reification, essentialism, and instrumentalist view of language associated with naturalism. Although Collier's work on concept formation is much more flexible and nuanced than Sartori's, it too remains attached to a discredited naturalism.

scholarly journals Recovering World-Welcoming Words: Language, Metaphysics, and the Voice of Nature

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Valentin Gerlier
Keyword(s):  
King Lear ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Literary Production ◽  
Contemporary Theory ◽  
Literary Response ◽  
Literary Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Shed Light

This article presents a theological–literary response to a concern in contemporary theory with heeding and articulating the speech of nonhuman things. Drawing from Rowan Williams’ metaphysics of poetic addition, I argue that an ‘ecotheological’ literary practice challenges us to become attentive and responsive to the language of the nonhuman, by creatively performing the co-mingling of nonhuman and human language. Drawing from Jean-Louis Chrétien’s phenomenology of the voice, I propose a theological conception of language as a gift of hospitality to the voice of nonhuman things that is also a gift of poetic addition—a ‘saying more’ which, adding being to the world, also manifests its gift-like nature. In contrast to recent critical approaches, I argue for the qualified retrieval of ‘nature’ as a figure both literary and theological, a voice that gives voice to things and speaks by means of human literary production. Through a reading of Shakespeare’s King Lear, I show that the paradoxical and poetic ambiguities of the literary sense of ‘nature’ serve precisely to shed light on its suspect modern iteration, while at the same time taking us beyond critique to enable a cautious yet attentive retrieval of its poetic and symbolic scope.

scholarly journals Ancient Beliefs and Traditional Singing of Ukrainians: Gender Differentiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Hanna Koropnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Living World ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
Song System ◽  
Time Cycle ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Traditional Song ◽  
The Voice

Gender differentiation in the Ukrainian song tradition is most consistently manifested in the ritual system, and partly – in the epic tradition and lyrical song tradition. The primary attention in the article is paid to the ritual sphere, first of all to the calendar cycle. The paper highlights in detail the traditional distribution of functions between men and women in pre-Christian rituals, during which, according to ancient ideas and beliefs, there was some contact between «that» (sacred) and «this» («profane») worlds. Males, or more precisely, boys who were members of the so-called «parubotchi gromady» (young men communities) took an active part in the rites only once a year – at the beginning of the calendar-time cycle that is, in winter (in ancient times this happened in the spring) during the rituals of the yards circumambulation. The main purpose of these actions was to wish good for each family from the dead ancestors for the coming year (verbal magic), and in return, the ancestors received gifts – sacrificial food from representatives of the living world to appease them for the next year. Women, as representatives of «this» world, maintained contact with otherworldly forces throughout the entire agrarian period from sowing to harvest, as well as in ceremonies associated with the birth of a child, a wedding, or escorting the deceased to the afterlife. In times of crisis in the development of nature and human life, they turned to their deceased ancestors for help. The magical instrument of this connection was the voice, which filled the ritual texts with specific ritual timbre-intonation. The gender distribution in other genres of Ukrainian traditional song is somewhat different. Thus, if in the epic songs the prerogative belongs to men, then the lyric song system is characterized by the joint and almost equal participation of men and women. However, it should be noted that the performers of social songs were predominantly men, and women sang family lyric songs. But the most common was a mixed lineup of singing groups. Even more this property is inherent in the late layer of lyrical song performance. The author also draws attention to the age aspect of the performance of ritual and non-ritual songs in the Ukrainian tradition

scholarly journals Allegories of life, death and immortality in the book of Ecclesiastes 12:5b–7

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Tantlevskij
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eternal Life ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Golden Bowl ◽  
The Golden Bowl

Analyzing the famous passage Eccl. 12:5b–7, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that the expression "the almond tree blossomed" (12:5bα) contains the allegory of man’s birth and his young years; the phrase "the locust/locust tree became loaded" (12:5bβ) can be interpreted as an indication of the mature, productive/fruitful years of human life activity; the allegory of the caper, falling to winter ("and the caper bush fell"; 12:5bγ), correlates with the metaphorical description of old age and the approach of death in Eccl. 12:1b–2. So, one can assume that the passage Eccl. 12:5bα–γ includes the allegories of man's earthly birth, making up of his personality, maturity and old age in the form of natural phenomena that take place in Judea throughout the year — approximately from the second half of January to December. The allegory of the breaking "silver cord" (Eccl. 12:6aα), symbolizing the earthly demise, can be understood as a break in the connection between the spirit and the flesh of man (cf.: Eccl. 12:7). In 12:6аβ–b, Ecclesiastes adduces the allegories of death, expressed through the broken vessels ("golden bowl", "jar", a certain "vessel"), symbolizing the human body. The context also suggests that an allusion to the human spirit implicitly present in these allegories as well, which is symbolized by olive oil (in the "golden bowl") and water (in the "jar" and in the "vessel"), – not directly called, but contextually implied – returning to their eternal Fountain (cf.: Jer. 2:13, 17:13, also: Ps. 36:10) when their temporary receptacles are broken. The "spring" and the "well" (Eccl. 12:6b) are veritable symbols of life, and in the light of Eccl. 12:7b – perhaps symbols of eternal life in the Book of Ecclesiastes. As for the allegory of "the golden bowl", it clearly goes back to Zech. 4:2–3. In the light of the allegorical picture attested in Zech., chap. 4, and the text of Eccl. 12:7b, the allegory of Eccl. 12:6aβ – "the golden bowl will crack" – can presuppose implicitly not only the death of the body/"the golden bowl", but also that its contents – "oil", symbolizing the spirit abided in the body – will merge with the "oil" of the Divine Luminary, scil., with the Spirit of God.

scholarly journals Nature in short stories by Nguyen Ngoc Tu from the ecocritisim viewpoints

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Nguyet Thi Anh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Ecological Theories ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Voice

According to Cheryll Glotfelty, ecocritisim, simply put, is the study of the relationship between literature and physical environment. Ecocritisim argues the ecological theories of human sciences, which adopt "anthropocentrism" to propose the “earthcentrered” approach to literary studies. This paper focuses on the desire to “read” short stories by Nguyen Ngoc Tu through the eyes of core ideas of ecocritism. From this angle, the writer posed in a direct way environmental issues and human life destiny in the age of environmental crisis. Simultaneously, she brought out to discussion a way to listen to the voice of nature to find the answers to the crisis of modern humans. She also proposed an attitude: Human should live in balance with nature for peace and happiness.

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