scholarly journals Ancient Beliefs and Traditional Singing of Ukrainians: Gender Differentiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Hanna Koropnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Calendar Time ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Living World ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
Song System ◽  
Time Cycle ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Traditional Song ◽  
The Voice

Gender differentiation in the Ukrainian song tradition is most consistently manifested in the ritual system, and partly – in the epic tradition and lyrical song tradition. The primary attention in the article is paid to the ritual sphere, first of all to the calendar cycle. The paper highlights in detail the traditional distribution of functions between men and women in pre-Christian rituals, during which, according to ancient ideas and beliefs, there was some contact between «that» (sacred) and «this» («profane») worlds. Males, or more precisely, boys who were members of the so-called «parubotchi gromady» (young men communities) took an active part in the rites only once a year – at the beginning of the calendar-time cycle that is, in winter (in ancient times this happened in the spring) during the rituals of the yards circumambulation. The main purpose of these actions was to wish good for each family from the dead ancestors for the coming year (verbal magic), and in return, the ancestors received gifts – sacrificial food from representatives of the living world to appease them for the next year. Women, as representatives of «this» world, maintained contact with otherworldly forces throughout the entire agrarian period from sowing to harvest, as well as in ceremonies associated with the birth of a child, a wedding, or escorting the deceased to the afterlife. In times of crisis in the development of nature and human life, they turned to their deceased ancestors for help. The magical instrument of this connection was the voice, which filled the ritual texts with specific ritual timbre-intonation. The gender distribution in other genres of Ukrainian traditional song is somewhat different. Thus, if in the epic songs the prerogative belongs to men, then the lyric song system is characterized by the joint and almost equal participation of men and women. However, it should be noted that the performers of social songs were predominantly men, and women sang family lyric songs. But the most common was a mixed lineup of singing groups. Even more this property is inherent in the late layer of lyrical song performance. The author also draws attention to the age aspect of the performance of ritual and non-ritual songs in the Ukrainian tradition

Kluyveromyces marxianus as a Probiotic Yeast: A Mini-review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1163-1169
Author(s):  
Aziz Homayouni-Rad ◽  
Aslan Azizi ◽  
Parvin Oroojzadeh ◽  
Hadi Pourjafar
Keyword(s):  
Kluyveromyces Marxianus ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Biotechnological Products ◽  
Probiotic Yeast ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Harmful Effects

Background: Yeasts play diverse roles in human life. Since ancient times, these micro organisms have been used to produce food products and beverages including bread and beer. Nowadays, the biotechnological products of yeast are some of the main components of commercial products. Objective: Some species of yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces boulardii are recognized as probiotic yeast with extensive applications in the food and drug industries. However, certain species like Kluyveromyces marxianus are still not recognized as probiotic micro organisms despite their widespread industrial usage. In this study, the application of K. marxianus in preparing food and the medicinal product was reviewed in terms of its beneficial or harmful effects. Methods: Pub Med, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct databases were searched by using “Probiotics”, “Yeast”, and “Kluyveromyces marxianus”. Results: The findings suggest that K. marxianus can be recognized as a probiotic yeast species. Conclusion: It can be concluded that K. marxianus may be considered as a probiotic micro organism with a variety of commercial and medical applications.

scholarly journals Water Quality and Life Expectancy: Parallel Courses in Time

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Andreas N. Angelakis ◽  
Heikki S. Vuorinen ◽  
Christos Nikolaidis ◽  
Petri S. Juuti ◽  
Tapio S. Katko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Concomitant Factors

Since ancient times, the need for healthy water has resulted in the development of various kinds of water supply systems. From early history, civilizations have developed water purification devices and treatment methods. The necessity for fresh water has influenced individual lives as well as communities and societies. During the last two hundred years, intensive and effective efforts have been made internationally for sufficient water quantity and quality. At the same time, human life expectancy has increased all over the globe at unprecedented rates. The present work represents an effort to sketch out how water purity and life expectancy have entangled, thus influencing one another. Water properties and characteristics have directly affected life quality and longevity. The dramatic increase in life expectancy has been, indisputably, affected by the improvement in water quality, but also in other concomitant factors, varying temporally and spatially in different parts of the world throughout the centuries. Water technologies and engineering have an unequivocal role on life expectancy. In some cases, they appear to have taken place earlier than the progress of modern medicine. Among these, improved sanitation, personal hygiene, progress in medicine, and better standards of economic living have played the greatest roles.

Happiness Index and Gadget Radiation Analysis on Yajna and Mantra Chanting Therapy in South Asian Continent

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Rohit Rastogi ◽  
Mamta Saxena ◽  
Mayank Gupta ◽  
Akshit Rajan Rastogi ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Human Health ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Asian Continent ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Ancient Times

From ancient times, humans are striving for being healthy and to live with mental peace with family and society. In the previous centuries also, some manmade and mostly natural disasters have disturbed the pace of human life. There have been times when the whole human race has been in terror, danger, and utmost worry. The electrical gadgets also have made the human life comfortable, but also machines have dominated its consciousness. The stress, aggression, depression, and many more issues are also showing presence in all our lives. The chapter is a trial to establish the effect of yagna and mantra science over human calmness and its effect on human health irrespective to gender and age. The article also elaborates the effect of Sanskrit sound and mantra chanting on emission of radiations from electronic gadgets. It also presents the effect of spiritual practices on the human body and soul after the terror, stress, grief created due to COVID-19.

scholarly journals Forward Projections of Turkey's Beekeeping

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Ziya Tengiz ◽  
Zehra Meliha Tengiz
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Production Resources

Beekeeping is one of the most common agricultural activities in the world. In addition to the world and human life, it is very important in the pollination and the efficiency of the plants. Beekeeping activities have been done since ancient times as the tradition of Anatolian people. In Turkey grows 75% of the honey plants species determined in the world. This provides a variety of honey in different aroma and flavors. Turkey with 7 796 666 beehives is in 3rd rank, with 114 471 tons of honey production is in 2nd rank and with 4 488 tons of beeswax production in 2017 is in 4th rank in the world bee products have an important role. It is important to determine future trends in developing appropriate policies for our country, which is one of the leading countries in beekeeping activities. The main aims of this study are to forecast honey and beeswax product in Turkey for 2019-2025. Arima model, which is one of the time series analysis, was used in this study. According to the results, it is expected that honey production will increase in these years. However, it is expected the increase in the production of beeswax until 2021. After 2021 year is expected to decrease a little. In our country which has great potential for beekeeping, it will be able to take place among the countries which have a significant influence in foreign trade with the effective use of production resources in the realization of activities.

scholarly journals Mujeres y hombres. Desigualdades de género en el contexto mexicanoWomen and men. Gender inequalities in the Mexican context

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco José Zamudio Sánchez ◽  
María Del Rosario Ayala Carrillo ◽  
Roxana Ivette Arana Ovalle
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Human Life ◽  
National Level ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Harmonic Mean ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Cultural Constructions

Las construcciones socioculturales sobre género permean todas las esferas de la vida humana generando diversas inequidades. Es necesario medirlas y proponer alternativas de solución o modificación de políticas que las atiendan. Usando una media harmónica sobre las condiciones en las que viven mujeres y hombres, se midieron atributos de once factores sociales disponibles a escala nacional. Los atributos fueron jerarquizados para cuantificar el diferencial en el cual estos factores se encuentran. No únicamente las mujeres están en condiciones de inequidad, aunque son más frecuentes y graves. Políticas públicas en seis factores deben atender, prioritariamente, a las mujeres y en cinco a los hombres. En cada factor identificamos los atributos más inequitativos para hacer posible la instrumentación de acciones pertinentes. Así, el diseño de las políticas, desde la planeación, cuenta con posibilidades de actuar en congruencia con las necesidades. Abstract Cultural constructions of gender permeate all areas of human life, generating diverse inequities. This requires knowledge of the situations in which men and women are in a particular one and, accordingly, propose solutions or policy change that pay attention to such inequities. Using a harmonic mean on the living conditions in which women and men are, attributes of eleven social factors were measured, available at national level. Such attributes were analytically nested to quantify the differential in which these factors are. Not only women are in inequity conditions, although they are more frequent and severe. Public policies in six factors should attend, mainly, to women and in five to men. We identified, inside each factor, the attributes with more inequity to make possible the implementation of appropriate actions. The corresponding design of policies has, from planning, possibilities of acting in line with the needs.

scholarly journals The Image of BREAD in Lithuanian Dictionaries

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-268
Author(s):  
Irena Smetonienė
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Value System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Maple Leaves ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Main Meal ◽  
Intensive Work ◽  
Cultural Message

The bread in one form or another has been known to people all over the world. Linguistic data and rites show that the Lithuanians have been eating bread since ancient times. Bread is mentioned in the small-form verbal folklore, songs, sagas, fairy tales, beliefs and various rites. In ancient times the bread was personalised and deified. The examples from the dialect dictionaries were also included into the research because every dialectal saying is an example of cultural message, manifestation of tradition nurturance and preservation, a part of cultural heritage, which links the past with the present. The dialectal examples show, what is deep-rooted in the tradition, what is passed down from generation to generation, what lies in the traditional value system and what makes the essence of an ethnic group. Due to these reasons the dialectal texts have a huge public or cultural value as they denote a content that is significant to a certain community. Having completed the analysis of dialectal discourse, it can be stated that various dictionaries construct the following picture of the concept bread: bread is the main meal of people, it is baked from different kinds of cereal flours, it is respected and saved, it has healing powers; the bread baked at home is the most delicious; if there is no bread, a person starves; to have bread all the time one has to work hard because baking bread is labour-intensive work, which has to be performed with knowledge and love, to make bread delicious and fragrant, calamus, cabbage or maple leaves are put under a loaf of bread, it is decorated or marked with sacred signs; an individual equals bread with human activity and appearance; bread is a measure of life, a reference point for evaluating certain actions. The place of bread in the human life is reflected by derivates as well: special things, capacities for mixing, souring, baking, slicing or keeping bread; other meals prepared from bread.

scholarly journals Thol tamil samugathil Palli Sol Keatal

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (S-1) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Kalaiselvan P
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ancient Times

Different beliefs and practices are found in human life from birth to death. These beliefs are created by the people and are followed and protected by the mother’s community. Man has been living with nature since ancient times. Beliefs appeared in natural human life. Hope can be traced back to ancient Tamils and still prevails in Tamil Nadu today. The hope of seeing the omen in it is found all over the world. Proverbs show that people have faith in omens. Our ancestors wrote the book 'Gauli Shastri' because the lizard omen is very important in our society. The word lizard played a major role in Tamil life during the Sangam period. It is possible to know that people have lived by the benefit of the lizard. There is hope from the public that the sound of the lizard will predict what will happen next. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the lizard word that has been around for a long time in folklore.

scholarly journals The Historiolae in Belarusian Incantations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 80-112
Author(s):  
Tatsiana Valodzina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Passion Of Christ ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Specific Comparison ◽  
Christian History

The article deals with one of the most popular techniques in Belarusian magical medicine — the so-called historiolae, the essence of which is to recall precedent situations. This implies that the “disequilibrium of being, which has arisen in human life at the present moment (e.g. a disease), is restored according to a sacred pattern that took place in the past”. The texts declare connections between different levels of the worlds, past and present, but to the same extent between the microcosm and the macrocosm, erasing all distinctions between the real and the supernatural worlds. The present time of these charms prevents the transfer of the patient and the healer to ancient times of the myths. Instead, it is the sacred world that spreads around the requester. The most common form of such charms includes a narrative that relates certain events in Christian history, primarily describing the life of Christ or of one of the saints. A particular place among the narrative manifestations of historiolae is occupied by references to the Passion of Christ. These narratives, in turn, possess powerful life-affirming and healing potential. It is not the logical correspondence of a specific comparison in an incantation that is central, but the very desire to place the situation of treatment in an appropriate context. A number of texts from the author’s field records and archival materials are introduced here into scholarly circulation.

scholarly journals Alternative sources of data on the level of employment of Russian women in entrepreneurship

POPULATION ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-102
Author(s):  
Aysylu Ilimbetova
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
Women In Business ◽  
Structure Of Population ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Social Structuring

Development of the market economy and changes in the principles of social structuring of society lead to the fact that the concept of gender equality goes beyond the labor market and begins to spread to other spheres of public relations, for example, entrepreneurship. However, to obtain empirical data to understand the extent of participation of men and women in business, it is not sufficient to conduct surveys or censuses, because they do not specialize in such information and provide data only on forms of employment (for hire and not for hire). The article deals with the possibilities of using administrative sources of information (the Unified register of small and medium-sized businesses) and the SPARK information base to obtain gender statistics and assess gender equality on the example of women's entrepreneurship in Russia. The main advantage of these sources of information is the possibility of extracting data on the activities of Russian entrepreneurs, for which information is not provided by the statistical collections of Rosstat. Calculations of the author make it possible to establish existence in the Russian business of gender differentiation in entrepreneurship, formation of employment niches assigned to each sex that allows us to speak about the specific features of the Russian business. Thus, women are concentrated in micro- and small businesses; they are mainly engaged in the socially important services—health care and education, other individual services; they are prone to less risky and less innovative spheres, such as trade and services; there are similarities between the structure of entrepreneurship, employment as employees and the professional structure of population.

Reflecții asupra conceptului de artă obiectivă în contextul artei contemporane

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Carmen Belean
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Arbitrary Element ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Art Forms ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Universe

"Reflections on the concept of objective art in the context of contemporary art. Objective art communicates about the human being and his/her place in the universe, about the cosmic laws and the role they play in human life and provide clues as to how man can relate to them. From literary sources attesting to the idea that art in its origin had the role of transmitting knowledge to future generations, we deduce that in ancient times all art forms could be read like a book, and those who knew how to read, fully understood the meaning of the knowledge that was incorporated in these art forms. Nevertheless, there are two forms of art, one very different from the other: objective art and subjective art. Everything that we call art today is subjective art. Objective art is the authentic work resulted from the deliberate, premeditated efforts of a conscious artist. In the act of his creation, the artist avoids or eliminates any subjective or arbitrary element and the impression that such a work evokes in others is always defined. Keywords: objective art, the art of antiquity, contemporary art "

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document