Introduction to the 2008 Edition

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohsen Kadivar
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Present Book ◽  
Western Perspective ◽  
Language Literature

This Preface contains six sections. The author analyses the works of the most distinguished thinkers of Islam and human rights: Mahmoud Mohamed Taha, Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na‘im, Ann Elizabeth Mayer, Mohammad Mojtahed Shabestari and Abdulaziz Sachedina respectively in the first five sections. Each section has two parts: the first is a brief description of the thinker’s opinion on human rights, and the second is a brief critical analysis, reviewing the advantages and disadvantages of that opinion. Taha represents the Arabic literature on Islam and human rights in this review, Shabestari the Persian, and the other three the English-language literature. Mayer is the author of the most popular book on Islam and human rights from a non-Muslim and Western perspective. The other four could be considered to be the most outstanding Muslim reformist thinkers regarding Islam and human rights. The last section is the longest and contains four parts. The first outlines the author’s opinion on Islam and human rights, and the second compares his approach to the other five approaches. The third presents a comparative chronology of the six approaches, and the fourth and last part discusses the present book and the advantages of its English translation.

scholarly journals Human Rights Violation of Transgender People: A Critical Analysis on Bangladesh Perspective

2018 ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Puja Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
The Third ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Third Gender

Transgender people are discriminated based on their gender identity, especially, in the societies of South Asian countries. The legal recognition of this ‘third sex’ had to wait long in countries like India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh. The human rights of these people are being violated in every sector although having been recognized as ‘citizens’ by their respective governments. Many countries have already started to let them get involved in different social and economic activities. In 2013, the Bangladesh government declared the status of the third gender to the transgender people of its territory. This recognition was aimed to protect all the human rights of the third gender enabling them to identify their gender as ‘Hijra’ in all government documents and passport. Section 27 of the Constitution of Bangladesh states that ‘All the citizens are equal before the law and are entitled to equal protection of law’. But the legal protection of the human rights of the newly recognized third gender is questionable till now. The Prevention of Oppression against Women and Children Act, 2000 describes the rights of only women and children. In Bangladesh, the transgender people are becoming rape victims everywhere but unlike women and children, their rape cases never get filed as the police officers do not even believe that anyone can rape these third genders. This social taboo and negligence are costing the sexual minorities their human rights like legal protection. Therefore, it has become important to address this issue to create social awareness which might induce the urgency to practice equal laws for every gender identity. In this paper, a critical analysis of the human rights of Bangladeshi transgendered people has been performed. Finally, the human rights condition of transgender people of Nepal and India is also discussed.

Human Rights under State Socialism

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lane
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Collective Rights ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
The Third ◽  
The One

The paper is in four parts. The first outlines the debate that has occurred in the West about whether human rights, and about what human rights, are desirable and possible in socialist states. In the second it is contended that the normative approach to rights in socialist states has been influenced but not determined by the theory and practice of the USSR. Human rights under Marxism–Leninism are ambiguously defined: there is an unresolved tension between individual (and group) rights, on the one hand, and class and collective rights on the other. Socialist states, it is claimed, have different units, types of claims and priorities of rights. In the third section, it is argued that the Soviet model of rights has a particular correspondence with Russian culture. Its impact on other socialist countries (Poland is considered, as an illustration) depends on the internal social structure (the strength of interest groups) and the degree of legitimacy of the state. Finally, some prognostications are offered concerning the dynamics and likely developments of rights claims under socialism.

The Paden Collection of Arabic Materials from Kano

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 369-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.N. Saad
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
The Other ◽  
Substantial Proportion ◽  
Arabic Literature ◽  
Arabic Poetry ◽  
The Third ◽  
Northwestern University ◽  
Printed Materials

The following is a brief description of a collection of Arabic materials deposited by John Paden at the Herskovits Africana Library, Northwestern University. The collection includes 424 numbered volumes of which about half enclose manuscript materials while the other half enclose published books and pamphlets, most of them privately printed in Kano, Zaria, or Cairo. The collection altogether (and especially so among the pamphlets) includes a substantial proportion of works of West African authorship. However, the classical Muslim/Arabic literature, and especially the basic jurisprudential treatises and the better known diwans of pre-Islamic Arabic poetry, are well represented in the collection.This summary is made up of three parts, beginning with a few words on the classical Muslim/Arabic works in the collection. The second part is concerned with the unusual manuscript materials and includes a listing and description of these materials. Finally, the third part will be concerned with individual West African authors whose works are well represented in the collection. In most cases, these authors are represented by privately printed materials or by manuscripts of which copies generally tend to be found elsewhere.In the references to specific manuscripts below, no attempt will be made to describe the calligraphy, the size of pages, etc. The purpose is to call attention to the availability of the sources under consideration, especially since they are scheduled to be microfilmed by the Cooperative Africana Microform Project soon.Though mostly represented by manuscript copies, the diwans of Arabic poetry present little interest since they tend to be recent copies of works long ago published in numerous printings and editions elsewhere.

scholarly journals The Translatability of Metaphor in Eliot’s The Waste Land: A Comparative Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ayed Ibrahim Ayassrah ◽  
Mohd Nazri Latiff Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Original Text ◽  
English Poetry ◽  
Everyday Language ◽  
The Waste Land ◽  
Waste Land ◽  
The Third

There is an obvious gap in studying the translatability of metaphor in modern English poetry, particularly in Eliot’s The Waste Land. Furthermore, it is observed that most previous studies about metaphor are in and for English, and only few ones have tackled the translatability of metaphor into another language. However, the current study aims to explore this phenomenon in Eliot’s The Waste Land and three of its Arabic translations. All metaphors of The Waste Land and its three translations are identified, studied and classified into juxtaposed tables to facilitate the comparative process. Then, an assessment of each translation is made to be compared to the original text and the other translations. This comparison aims at identifying the translatability of metaphor in The Waste Land, the most and least used strategy and how the three translators have dealt with the original text. The study also shows that the three translators could translate most of Eliot’s metaphors into Arabic analogous metaphors; Lu’lu’ah uses this strategy the most and Raghib the least. Furthermore, the strategy of paraphrasing the metaphor is used more than the second one (11 cases). Finally, this study suggests three recommendations for further upcoming studies. The first one is: Conducting a comparative study on using metaphor in the spoken languages or dialects of two different societies (the Jordanian and British, for instance). The second is: Exploring this phenomenon in students’ everyday language; and the third is: Investigating the ability of English language students in rendering metaphor from English into Arabic.

Conclusion—Conflicting Views on Conflicting Rights

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Brems
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Margin Of Appreciation

These concluding reflections analyse the approaches and stances adopted across the volume and, on that basis, highlight some of the bones of contention in current human rights scholarship on conflicting (Convention) rights. The first matter on which opinions diverge is ‘to name or not to name’, i.e. whether or not to explicitly identify a conflict between Convention rights. The second is that of ‘choice versus compromise’, i.e. whether a finding of conflicting rights automatically leads to a solution that prioritizes one right over the other, or whether instead a compromise between the conflicting rights is preferable. The third issue is that of ‘balancing’ as opposed to other approaches that allow to prioritize among conflicting rights. The final issue, on which diverging opinions are discussed, is that of subsidiarity and the margin of appreciation.

scholarly journals Solitary Malignant Schwannoma of the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses: Report of Two Rare Cases

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 634-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A.S. Rifat Mannan ◽  
Manoj Kumar Singh ◽  
Sudhir Bahadur ◽  
Pradeep Hatimota ◽  
Mehar Chand Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
English Language ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Malignant Schwannoma ◽  
Recurrent Tumor ◽  
Language Literature

Malignant schwannomas of the paranasal sinuses are extremely uncommon tumors, as only 18 well-documented cases have been previously published in the English-language literature. We report two new cases of solitary malignant schwannoma—one in a 23-year-old man and the other in a 45-year-old woman. Neither was associated with von Recklinghausen's disease. These tumors involved the maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, and orbit and extended intracranially. Following surgery, both patients experienced recurrences. The male patient developed a slowly enlarging intranasal mass at the same site 8 years following excision of the original tumor and postoperative radiotherapy. Microscopic examination of the recurrent tumor revealed that its features were similar histologically to those of the original. The female patient experienced a recurrence 1 year following her first operation.

Wasaṭiyyah and Globalization

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hashim Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
The Other ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Islamic Principle

This chapter advances a perspective on advantages and disadvantages of globalization, as well as how it is perceived by the weaker economies, and the Muslim world generally. On one hand, globalization has the potential to provide for easier communication; a more effective means of addressing matters such as human rights, public accountability, women’s issues, and dealing with corrupt dictators; and an expansion of trade and foreign investment, which, in turn, often accelerates social mobility and strengthens the middle class. On the other hand, globalization tends to bring about greater disparity between the haves and have-nots, as well as popularizing a consumer culture and placing greater emphasis on materialist possessions that erode traditional values. After delving into both sides of this phenomenon, the chapter discusses the view that the Islamic principle of unity (tawhid) has strong pro-globalization characteristics.

scholarly journals Bilateral Spontaneous Temporomandibular Joint Herniation: A Case Report and Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. E23-E27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. O'Brien ◽  
Kaylee R. Purpura ◽  
Adam M. Cassis
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ear Symptoms ◽  
Spontaneous Herniation ◽  
Language Literature ◽  
Anterior Canal

In this article we report the case of a 41-year-old man with bilateral aural fullness and hearing loss. On examination he was found to have bilateral, dehiscent anterior canal walls with herniation of the mandibular condyle. This herniation partially obstructed the canals and contributed to his symptoms. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the third reported case of bilateral spontaneous temporomandibular joint herniation, and only 28 cases of unilateral spontaneous herniation can be found in the English language literature. While it is a rare phenomenon, it should be considered when evaluating a patient with fluctuating ear symptoms.

Grammatici certant Rodney Huddleston & Geoffrey K. Pullum (in collaboration with Laurie Bauer, Betty Birner, Ted Briscoe, Peter Collins, David Denison, David Lee, Anita Mittwoch, Geoffrey Nunberg, Frank Palmer, John Payne, Peter Peterson, Lesley Stirling and Gregory Ward), The Cambridge grammar of the English language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. xvii+1,842.

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
BAS AARTS
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Present Book ◽  
Major Competitor

The first large-scale modern grammars of English were Quirk et al.'s A grammar of contemporary English (1972) and A comprehensive grammar of the English language (1985). It has taken 18 years for a major competitor to be published. Many linguists, especially those whose main focus is English, will have looked forward to the publication of the present book. The Cambridge grammar of the English language (henceforth CaGEL) is first and foremost the brainchild of Rodney Huddleston, whose 1984 Introduction to the grammar of English had already established itself as an important text. He was joined by Geoffrey Pullum and the other authors listed above at various points in time.

scholarly journals Critical Analysis of Refugee Protection in South Asia

Refuge ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 6-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veerabhadran Vijayakumar..
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
Judicial Decisions ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
International Human

Many countries in Asia and all the countries in South Asia have not acceded to the Refugee Convention of 1951 or the Protocol of 1967 in spite of the fact that a large number of refugees come from this region. The reasons for not ratifying them are not clear even though many international human rights instruments have been ratified by many of them. The probable reasons for not ratifying the Refugee Conventionor the Protocol, the lack of any regional approach or national legislation to address the problem, the contribution made by the international community to the crises in this region, nature of protection, the extent of rights available to the refugees and a brief comparison between the Northern and Southern perspectives have also been explained. Some of the important judicial decisions from India have been relied upon to appreciate the developments. This article concludes by emphasizing that through a comparative analysis of both the Northern and Southern perspectives relating to the protection of refugees, each can benefit from the experiences of the other, improve and build a scheme to care for the millions of refugees as well as others of concern in the new millennium.

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