scholarly journals An Exponent of Scottish Common Sense Philosophy in Revolutionary South America: José Joaquín de Mora

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-237
Author(s):  
Iona Macintyre
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
European Culture ◽  
French Enlightenment ◽  
Revolutionary Movements ◽  
Intellectual Influence ◽  
Common Sense Philosophy

Revolutionary movements in nineteenth-century South America saw the region's historic grounding in scholasticism confronted by the ideas of the eighteenth-century French Enlightenment. This article examines a subsequent development: Spanish liberal man of letters José Joaquín de Mora's attempt to implant Scottish common sense philosophy as the dominant school in the republics that were emerging from Spanish rule and gradually forming nationally as Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru. Furthering our knowledge of Scottish intellectual influence abroad, Mora's enterprise also illuminates two contentious issues of the period in Spanish America, namely how to cultivate young minds in a revolutionary context, and the place of European culture, in this case Scottish, in the immediate post-colonial period.

British-American Rivalry in the Chilean Trade, 1817–1820

1942 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy Burne Goebel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
The Political ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Revolutionary Movements

The early commercial relations between the United States and South America in the years preceding the enunciation of the Monroe Doctrine have until quite recently received but scant attention. This neglect may in part be attributed to the historian's concern with the political implications of the revolutionary movements in Spanish. America and their bearing upon our foreign policies. In part, also, it may be ascribed to the paucity of materials (either published or in manuscript); information on commercial affairs transmitted by American special agents and consuls in the ports of Latin America was generally fragmentary and incomplete. Yet even a tardy examination of our trade relations with Chile in the years 1817-1820 may be of value, especially since the materials available for this study present a picture of the volume, the variety, and the difficulties of our trade that is unique in the annals of our early relations with South America.

The “New Empire of Common Sense”

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Thomas Reid ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Joseph Priestley ◽  
Common Sense Philosophy

Although the rise of Scottish common sense philosophy was one of the most important intellectual developments of the Enlightenment, significant gaps remain in our understanding of the reception of Scottish common sense philosophy in the Atlantic world during the second half of the eighteenth century. This chapter focuses on the British context in the period 1764–93, and examines published responses to James Oswald, James Beattie, and, especially, Thomas Reid. The chapter contextualizes the polemics of Joseph Priestley against the three Scots and argues that it was Joseph Berington rather than Priestley who was the first critic to claim that the appeal to common sense was the defining feature of “the Scotch school” of philosophy. It also shows that Reid was widely acknowledged to be the founder and most accomplished exponent of the “school”, whereas Beattie and Oswald were typically dismissed as being derivative thinkers.

scholarly journals A INFLUÊNCIA DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS E DOS ASPECTOS FÍSICO-GEOGRÁFICOS NA CONFIGURAÇÃO TERRITORIAL DA AMÉRICA DO SUL

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 716
Author(s):  
Luis Antonio Bittar Venturi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
South American ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Geographic Factors ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
Revolutionary Movements ◽  
Physical Features

South America’s territorial arrangement – a big country surrounded by smaller ones – is clarified by historical factors, as due to the fact that Brazil has become a viceroyalty. The Royal family’s presence in the colony would have favoured its integrity. Normally, the geographic factors are neglected in this explanation, especially those related to natural resources as physical aspects of the landscape. Here we intend to fill this thematic gap applying the geographic facts to the explanatory analysis of the South-American territory. Methodologically, the comparative analysis between The Spanish America and the Portuguese was conducted by two variables: the nature of the explored natural resources and the physical features of the territory. Our main idea is founded on four premises: 1 –Moving through the territory as a condition to assure domination. 2 - Biomass natural resources lead to farther moving. 3 - Considering that mining activities are local they beget urban development and consequently became a fertile ground for revolutionary movements.  4 – Flat relief, large rivers and mild temperatures encourage the development of farming activities and therefore the occupation of territory. We conclude that the combination of these variables and premises may throw new light on comprehending South America’s territorial arrangement

scholarly journals The Oxford Handbook of Evidentiality

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Language History ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Child Language Acquisition ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Every language has a way of saying how one knows what one is talking about, and what one thinks about what one knows. In some languages, one always has to specify the information source on which it is based—whether the speaker saw the event, or heard it, or inferred it based on something seen or on common sense, or was told about it by someone else. This is the essence of evidentiality, or grammatical marking of information source—an exciting category loved by linguists, journalists, and the general public. This volume provides a state-of-the art view of evidentiality in its various guises, their role in cognition and discourse, child language acquisition, language contact, and language history, with a specific focus on languages which have grammatical evidentials, including numerous languages from North and South America, Eurasia and the Pacific, and also Japanese, Korean, and signed languages.

A Change for the Better

2020 ◽  
pp. 220-246
Author(s):  
Hsueh M. Qu
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Treatise Of Human Nature ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Sense Philosophy ◽  
Contemporary Epistemology ◽  
Epistemological Framework ◽  
Internalist Reliabilism

This chapter makes the case that Hume’s epistemological framework in the Enquiry concerning Human Understanding is superior to that of the Treatise of Human Nature. First, the framework of EHU 12 has strong parallels to contemporary epistemology, in contrast to the Title Principle from THN 1.4.7.11. In particular, aspects of this framework have affinities with Wright-style conservatism, and Steup’s internalist reliabilism. Second, this framework avoids the weaknesses that afflicted the Title Principle: it has adequate foundation, is able to satisfactorily reject superstition, and is founded on truth. Third, unlike its analogue in the Treatise, the epistemological framework of the Enquiry is able to offer a ‘compleat answer’ to Reid and Beattie by denying the common-sense philosophy that is the fundamental basis of their critiques of his philosophy.

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