Circulating matrix metaloproteinases as biomarkers in colorectalcancer

Background and aims. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA 19-9) correlated with some tissue molecules as predictive markers for recurrence in colon cancer.Methods. A total of 30 patients diagnosed with colon cancer stage II or III who underwent optimal surgery were enrolled in study. Tumor markers CEA and CA 19-9 were determined before surgery. Tumor samples were prepared using tissue microarray kit (TMA) then stained for different cellular markers (Ki 67, HER2, BCL2, CD56, CD4, CD8) and analyzed using Inforatio programme for quantitative determination. All patients received standard adjuvant treatment, which consisted of eight cycles chemotherapy type XELOX. The patients were followed up for 3 years.Results. Upon 3 years follow-up, 67% of patients developed tumor relapse, the most common site of metastasis being the liver. No correlations were observed between either serum or tissue tumor markers and the risk of tumor relapse.Conclusion. Over 50% of patients with colon cancer who had optimal treatment developed metastasis. No statistically significant predictive value for investigated molecules was found. Future studies are needed to confirm the use of molecular markers in monitoring patients with colorectal cancer

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Diagnostic performances of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 and stem cell factor for diagnosis and follow-up of colorectal cancer

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ◽

10.1186/s43141-021-00116-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Manar S. Fouda ◽

Rokaia M. Aljarwani ◽

Khaled Aboul-Enein ◽

Mohamed M. Omran

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Tumor Markers ◽

Stem Cell Factor ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Characteristic Analysis ◽

Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed tumors worldwide with high mortality and morbidity. There is an urgent need for biomarkers to improve the outcomes and early detection of CRC. The sensitivity of traditional CRC tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9)) is not ideal. The levels of leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) and stem cell factor (SCF) were evaluated, but the combined value of both markers is unclear. This case-control study included four groups: CRC patients before treatments (n = 22), CRC patients after treatments (n = 26), 20 patients with benign tumor, and 20 healthy subjects. Levels of routine biochemical and hematological markers, traditional tumor markers (CA19.9 and CEA), and candidate markers (LRG1 and SCF) were determined. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis and area receiver-operating characteristic analysis (ROC) were used for evaluation the diagnostic performances of single and combined markers. Results No significance difference in traditional tumor markers CEA, CA 19.9, and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were found among study groups. SCF, LRG1, and platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in non-treated CRC patients than after treated CRC. The combination between SCF and LRG1 showed highly significant difference in CRC patients compared with benign, healthy subjects, and among CRC groups (treated and non-treated) (p < 0.0001). The highest areas under curve (AUCs) were observed when LRG1 was used as a single predictor for discriminating CRC from healthy (0.87), benign (0.84), and non-treated CRC vs treated CRC (0.82). AUCs were jumped to 0.90, 0.84, and 0.84 when LRG1 and SCF were combined. Conclusion Our study revealed that LRG1 and SCF were potential diagnostic and follow-up markers for CRC.

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Serum tumor markers in colorectal cancer staging, grading, and follow-up

Journal of Surgical Oncology ◽

10.1002/(sici)1096-9098(199608)62:4<239::aid-jso2>3.0.co;2-7 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 239-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Mario Plebani ◽

Massimo De Paoli ◽

Daniela Basso ◽

Giovanni Roveroni ◽

Alda Giacomini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Tumor Markers ◽

Cancer Staging ◽

Serum Tumor Markers

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Predicting imminent disease progression in advanced colorectal cancer by a machine-learning algorithm.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2019.37.4_suppl.645 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 645-645

Author(s):

Yuri Kogan ◽

Shmuel Shannon ◽

Eldad Taub ◽

Marina Kleiman ◽

Moran Elishmereni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Machine Learning ◽

Disease Progression ◽

Tumor Markers ◽

Learning Algorithm ◽

Diagnostic Algorithm ◽

Predictive Values ◽

New Approach ◽

Single Marker

645 Background: In advanced cancers, predicting disease progression just before its clinical manifestation enables an earlier switch to the next treatment line, preventing deterioration in the patient's state and potentially improving survival. Yet, given the ambiguity of current tumor markers in alerting to progression, physicians are unable to forecast this key event. We developed a diagnostic algorithm for announcing an approaching disease progression in late-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) patients by processing continuous carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) input. Methods: Longitudinally measured CEA data of advanced CRC patients treated by standard 1st line chemotherapies, collected from 2 clinical trials (projectdatasphere.org), served for algorithm development by machine-learning and training assisted by receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis and correlation tests. Performance was validated by cross-validation techniques. Results: CEA and response evaluations of 489 CRC patients (median follow-up time: 168 days) were processed by the algorithm, predicting disease progression with 57% sensitivity (100/175 progression events) and 88% specificity (21/175 false positives). Positive and negative predictive values, accuracy and Cohen’s kappa were 64%, 84%, 79% and 0.46, respectively. The algorithm’s predictive power was superior to that of standard statistical analyses of these CEA data (e.g., ROC). Conclusions: Our study offers a new approach to using tumor markers as prognosticators. The algorithm-amplified ability of CEA to predict progression in CRC complements our recent findings in lung cancer, where integration of CEA and 4 other markers provided 66% sensitivity in predicting progression, surpassing the low capacity of each separate marker. Conceivably, future algorithm-integration of multiple markers in CRC may also exceed the limited signal of a single marker. Clinical use of our algorithm, amplifying weak marker signals of imminent progression, should allow physicians to reliably harness tumor markers for improving treatment and potentially extending survival in cancer patients.

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Positive predictive value of CEA and Ca19-9 as tumor markers for recurrent colorectal cancer in cases where conventional work-up fail to localize disease.

European Medical Health and Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.12955/emhpj.v8i2.701 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yana Bocheva ◽

Pavel Bochev

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Positive Predictive Value ◽

Tumor Markers ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Conventional Imaging ◽

Recurrent Colorectal Cancer ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Work Up ◽

Localize Disease

Introduction: Routine surveillance of colorectal cancer includes serial measurements of CEA levels. Although not routinely indicated Ca 19-9 is also a tool for recurrence. When any of these serum markers is elevated during follow up, this could represent a recurrence. The management of elevated tumor marker levels include clinical exams, endoscopy and conventional imaging –ultrasound, CT, MRI.Objective: To evaluate the positive predictive value of CEA and Ca19-9 as tumor markers for recurrent colorectal cancer in cases where conventional imaging and endoscopic studies fail to localize disease.Materials and methods: A total of 75 patients with elevated CEA and/or Ca19-9 serum levels and negative endoscopic exam as well as negative abdominal CT and Chest X-ray were included in the study. CEA levels were tested in 50 patients. Ca 19-9 was tested in 65 patients. 34 of the patients had both markers tested. All patients underwent whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT. Patients with negative of equivocal PET scan were further followed up (10 to 24 months).Results: Based on the reference standard – the results from PET/CT, if positive and the results from follow-up in cases of negative or equivocal scans, the positive predictive value of Ca 19-9 was 84% and that of CEA -83%. There was no significant difference in the PPV of Ca19-9 and CEA.Conclusion: Elevated CEA and Ca 19-9 levels in patients under active surveillance after operation for colorectal cancer have high positive predictive value for recurrence, even in cases where conventional work-up – endoscopy and CT don’t localize disease.

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