scholarly journals Kajian Tingkat Efektivitas Pengelolaan Daerah Perlindungan Laut Berbasis Masyarakat Desa Waha Kabupaten Wakatobi Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishak Iskandar ◽  
Andi Irwan Nur ◽  
Baru Sadarun
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Live Coral ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Community Based

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are a common management approach that applied to protect and conserve coastal and marine resources in the world. However, in some areas where these approach have been implemented, the goals and targets did not proceed as expected and resulted in methods and objects of study that are relatively irrelevant to the existing conditions. Therefore, a review and more efforts are required to determine the efficacy of the MPAs management. The community based management of marine protected area at Waha Village can be regarded as a manifestation of the local people to meet their needs by utilizing natural resources sustainably. Therefore, this study aims to asses the ecological and socio-economic condition as well as community institutions to determine whether the community based management of the MPA is effective. Ecological data collection was divided into several indicators such as coral reef, seagrass and coral fish community condition that was collected through direct survey using SCUBA. Whereas socio-economic and institutional data was obtained in three stages include observation, semi-structured interviews and surveys. The percentage of live coral cover on MPA of Waha Village was 55,83%. There were 28 species from 9 families and 14 genuses of target fish found in MPA of Waha Village. Seagrass density was 299.87 stands / m2 with average value of seagrass presentation was 63,25%, indicating that seagrass is in good condition. Based on the effectiveness analysis using the Amoeba technique, the indicator values were generally better in performance than the critical threshold value (CTV) indicator. This is because these values have not passed the CTV. The degree of effectiveness of community based management of MPA at Waha Village was 79,17%, suggesting that these management approach is very effective to conserve marine natural resources in the area.Keywords : Effectiveness, management, protected area.

Distribution, diversity, and conservation of coral reefs and coral communities in the largest marine protected area of Pacific Panama (Coiba Island)

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
HECTOR M. GUZMAN ◽  
CARLOS A. GUEVARA ◽  
ODALISCA BREEDY
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Live Coral ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Live Coral Cover ◽  
Coral Communities

Sampling scale and lack of attention to taxa other than scleractinian corals have limited the capacity to protect coral reefs and coral communities in Pacific Panama. The distribution of coral habitats (live coral cover) and their species richness in the largest marine protected area of Panama, the Coiba National Park (270 125 ha), is described using quadrat transects and manta tows. The species richness of scleractinian corals and octocorals was lower in coral reefs than in coral communities, and a close relationship between richness and live coral cover was observed only in coral communities. The distribution of high live coral cover in coral communities overlapped with areas of high coral species richness. Average live coral cover in communities was 64%, compared to 28% in reefs, whereas algae cover was 30% and 49%, respectively. Twenty-two coral and 34 octocoral species were observed, many only now detected in Panama as endemic or new species. Analysis of satellite imagery showed 80% of terrestrial habitats were mostly primary forest, and coral reefs and coral communities covered 1700 ha, about 2% of marine habitats. Shallow marine environments (< 20 m) had up to 60% calcareous red algae cover (rhodolite beds). Based on the distribution of live coral cover and species richness, three conservation units were identified as priority, with the southern and northernmost sides of the marine protected area as the most significant. These three areas encompass most of the rare and endemic species or populations, as well as species previously regarded as endangered.

Coral reef condition in several dive points around Bunaken Island, North Sulawesi

2014 ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Robert Towoliu
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Live Coral ◽  
Core Zone ◽  
Integrated Management System ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Live Coral Cover ◽  
Reef Condition

In order to know the coral reef conditions at several diving points around Bunaken Island, three dive locations (Ron’s point, Lekuan, and Tawara) were chosen as representative locations receiving pressures from snorkeling and SCUBA diving activities, while  core zone was representative of location for  no diving and fishing activities.  Results showed that location with diving activities had live coral cover  ranging from 16.89% to 45.78% at 3 and 10m depths, with condition range of bad to moderate, while the location for no diving and fishing activities (core zone) had live coral cover of 55.03% at 3m and 58.15% at 10m, respectively,  with good condition category.  The present study indicated that the diving activities have affected the coral reef condition, so that a sustainable integrated management system is needed to use the marine ecotourism potency without degrading the coral reef condition in Bunaken Island. Untuk mengetahui kondisi terumbu karang di beberapa lokasi penyelaman di Pulau Bunaken, tiga lokasi penyelaman(Ron’s point, Lekuan, dan Tawara) dipilih mewakili lokasi dengan tekanan aktivitas penyelaman snorkeling maupun SCUBA, sedangkan satu lokasi lainnya yaitu zona inti dipilih mewakili lokasi tanpa aktivitas penyelaman maupun aktivitas penangkapan ikan.  Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa lokasi dengan tekanan aktivitas penyelaman memiliki prosentase tutupan karang batu/hidup berkisar antara 16,89% - 45,78% pada kedalaman 3 dan 10m, dengan kategori kondisi terumbu karang buruk sampai cukup, sedangkan pada lokasi yang tidak memiliki aktivitas penyelaman memiliki prosentase tutupan karang batu/hidup sebesar 53,03% pada 3m dan 58,15% pada 10m dengan kategori kondisi terumbu karang adalah baik.  Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa aktivitas penyelaman snorkeling maupun SCUBA berdampak pada kondisi terumbu karang di Pulau Bunaken, sehingga sangat diperlukan system pengelolaan yang terpadu dan berkesinambungan dalam memanfaatkan secara maksimal potensi ekowisata bahari tanpa merusak ekosistem terumbu karang di Pulau Bunaken.

Case Note: The interface between customary rights and environmental legislation: Lessons from Gongqose & Others vs Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries & Others (SCA) 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 134-160
Author(s):  
Alexander Paterson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Customary Rights ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Law And Legislation

The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, recognises customary law as an independent and original source of law, subject to the Constitution itself and legislation that specifically deals with customary law. As recognised by the Constitutional Court in Alexkor Ltd vs the Richtersveld Community (2004), customary law, as an independent source of law, may give rise to rights including rights to access and use natural resources. Rights to access and use natural resources are often comprehensively regulated by legislation. Conflicts between customary law and legislation relevant to natural resources may arise, as evidenced in the case of Mr Gongqose, who along with several other community members were caught fishing in the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area situated off the Eastern Cape coastline. Notwithstanding their claims to be exercising their customary rights to fish in the area, they were convicted in the Magistrate’s Court for certain offences in terms of the Marine Living Resources Act (1998), under which the marine protected area had been established. Their appeal to the High Court proved unsuccessful and the Supreme Court of Appeal was tasked with considering the relationship between their customary rights to fish and legislation purportedly extinguishing these rights. The SCA’s judgment in Gongqose & Others vs Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries & Others (2018) is the first of its kind in South Africa to consider the extinguishment of customary rights to access and use natural resources through post-constitutional legislation. This note critically considers the guidance the SCA provided on proving the existence of customary rights to access and use natural resources, and the manner in which they may be extinguished through legislation. While the focus is on marine living resources, the lessons emerging from this case are relevant to other natural resource sectors.

scholarly journals Quantitative decision support tools facilitate social-ecological alignment in community-based marine protected area design

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils C. Krueck ◽  
Ali Yansyah Abdurrahim ◽  
Dedi S. Adhuri ◽  
Peter J. Mumby ◽  
Helen Ross
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Support Tools

scholarly journals Coral communities condition in varying wave exposure: the gulf of Cazones, Cuba

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansel Caballero Aragon ◽  
Pedro M Alcolado ◽  
Néstor Rey-Villiers ◽  
Susana Perera Valderrama ◽  
Juliett González Méndez
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Coral Community ◽  
Wave Exposure ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Live Coral ◽  
Coral Mortality ◽  
Coral Communities

Wave exposure can influence community structure and distribution of shallow coral reefs, by affecting organisms both directly and indirectly. To assess the current stony coral community condition under different degrees of wave exposure at a marine protected area of the Gulf of Cazones (SW Cuba), two expeditions were carried out in May 2010 and June 2012. Four sampling sites were sampled at reef crests (1.5 m deep), and twelve at fore-reefs, at 10, 15 and 20 m deep in four geographic locations. Live coral cover, species richness and composition, colony density, and maximum diameter were assessed using the AGRRA 2001 methodology. Multivariate and non-parametric statistics were applied to compare sites. The coral community structure within reef crests was not homogenous. The observed variability of indicators apparently was determined by great coral mortality events resulting from natural disturbances that occurred in the past (hurricanes, bleaching and diseases). Fore-reef coral communities displayed better condition and lower coral mortality than reef crests. Species richness and coral composition varied, while multivariate and statistical methods did not reveal site grouping with regard to wave exposure. The remaining biological condition indicators were similar among sites, except in the most exposed one, where coral cover and coral size were slightly lower. Wave exposure in the gulf of Cazones seemed not to have a significant influence on differences in condition and structure of the assessed coral communities.

scholarly journals Three initial OSPAR tests of ecological coherence: heuristics in a data-limited situation

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1527-1533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff A. Ardron
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ecological Coherence ◽  
Made In

Abstract Ardron, J. A. 2008. Three initial OSPAR tests of ecological coherence: heuristics in a data-limited situation. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1527–1533. As marine protected area (MPA) networks become established worldwide, it will be necessary to track the progress made in meeting the networks’ underlying ecological goals. The 12 coastal European nations of the OSPAR Convention have agreed to establish an “ecologically coherent” network of MPAs within the waters of the Northeast Atlantic by 2010. However, the meaning of ecological coherence has not been explicitly defined, and it has not been explained how it can be assessed. OSPAR’s work on this topic over the past 4 years is summarized here. As the 2010 deadline approaches, the urgency to assess ecological coherence increases. Proper scientific assessment is hampered by the current lack of detailed ecological data, and policy-makers are concerned that collecting data for indicators will tax already limited resources. Unconventional approaches that can make do with what little information is available are being developed, and three initial spatial tests are presented here. A personal perspective of lessons learnt is provided.

Procedural and distributive justice in a community-based managed Marine Protected Area in Zanzibar, Tanzania

Marine Policy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Gustavsson ◽  
Lars Lindström ◽  
Narriman S. Jiddawi ◽  
Maricela de la Torre-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Community Based

scholarly journals KELIMPAHAN IKAN CHAETODONTIDAEDAN POMACENTRIDAE PADA EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN BEDUKANG KABUPATEN BANGKA

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Fatimah Fatimah ◽  
Kurniawan Kurniawan ◽  
Indra Ambalika Syari
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Live Coral ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Line Intercept ◽  
Amphiprion Clarkii

Bedukang waters areas have high natural resources and environmental services, including coral reefs ecosystem. The aim of this study to analyze the abundance of Chaetodontidae and Pomacentridae.Percentage of live coral cover, and relationship of Chaetodontidae and Pomacentridae with habitat conditions. This research was conducted in March 2018. Belt Transect method used to collect fishes data and Line Intercept Transect to coral reefs. Data analysis uses Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Correspondent Analysis (CA). The results showed 14 fishes species, 2 species of fishes family Chaetdontidae, and 12 species of fishesPomacentridae 2.267 ind/ha. The highest species composition is Neoglyphidodon nigroris and the lowest Amphiprion clarkii. The abundance of Chaetodontidae and Pomacentridae 14 species. The highest abundance at station 4 was 4,860 ind/ha and the lowest at station 1 was 820 ind/ha. The percentage of coral reef cover is in poor, medium and good condition with an average of 39.66%. The abundance of Chaetodontidae and Pomacentridae fish in Bedukang waters is influence by the percentage of live coral and algae cover. Chaetodontidae and Pomacentridae in Bedukang waters favor Acropora, Euphylia, Favites, Fungia, Galaxia, Goniopora, Lobophyllia, Pavona, Porites, Psammocora,Turbinaria, Cypastrea, Montipora, Platygyra andSymphylliagenus

scholarly journals A biodiversity assessment of hard corals in dive spots within Dampier Straits Marine Protected Area in Raja Ampat, West Papua, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1198-1207
Author(s):  
YUANIKE YUANIKE ◽  
FREDINAN YULIANDA ◽  
DIETRIECH G BENGEN ◽  
ROKHMIN DAHURI ◽  
JEMMY SOUHOKA
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Biodiversity Assessment ◽  
Hard Coral ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems

Abstract. Yuanike, Yulianda F, Bengen DG, Dahuri R, Souhoka J. 2019. A biodiversity assessment of hard corals in dive spots within Dampier Straits Marine Protected Area in Raja Ampat, West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1198-1207. Hard coral dominates coral reef ecosystems and has important functions and interactions in communities of marine biota. The structure and diversity of hard coral communities is very important to quantify, especially for the management of coral reef ecosystems. The purpose of this research is to identify the diversity of hard coral types, and quantify the condition of hard coral and their distributions in 10 marine stations in Dampier Straits Marine Protected Areas, Raja Ampat. The research method used was line intercept transects measured at two depths, 3 m and 6 m. The results showed there were 141 hard coral species included in 16 families. The percentage live cover of hard coral was in good conditions with an overall average coverage value of 64,24%. The biodiversity index (H) ranged from 0,84-1,23, the evenness index of species ranged from 0,73-0,94, and the species dominance index ranged from 0,05-0,25, indicating a high biodiversity and a lack of dominance by a single species. Although cover was slightly higher at 3m depth, diversity was slightly higher at 6m depth. In general, the 10 research stations in Dampier Straits has hard coral in good condition and the diversity of hard coral species is very productive and has stable growth compared with other sites in Indonesia.

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