scholarly journals Albumin nanoparticles loaded with hemin as peroxidase mimics for immunoassay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Khramtsov ◽  
Maria Bochkova ◽  
Valeria Timganova ◽  
Dmitriy Kiselkov ◽  
Svetlana Zamorina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Catalytic Center ◽  
Albumin Nanoparticles ◽  
Peroxidase Mimics ◽  
Colorimetric Immunoassay ◽  
Tetanus Antibodies

Contemporary immunoassays commonly used in clinical diagnostics mostly utilize enzymes, such as horseradish peroxidase, for signal generation. Numerous research is dedicated to the development of artificial peroxidase-mimicking catalysts with lower cost, high activity, better operational stability, and tunable properties. Herein we synthesized hemin-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles and applied them as catalytic labels (nanozymes) in colorimetric immunoassay of anti-tetanus antibodies. Hemin is a key part of the peroxidase catalytic center, possessing peroxidase like-activity. Albumin nanoparticles were loaded with multiple hemin molecules and decorated with Streptococcal protein G. Resulting nanozymes possessed good colloidal stability and allowed for antibody detection in blood serum. The sensitivity of antibody detection was sufficient for the assessment of post-vaccination immunity.

Irregular-shaped platinum nanoparticles as peroxidase mimics for highly efficient colorimetric immunoassay

2013 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuangqiang Gao ◽  
Mingdi Xu ◽  
Li Hou ◽  
Guonan Chen ◽  
Dianping Tang
Keyword(s):  
Platinum Nanoparticles ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Peroxidase Mimics ◽  
Colorimetric Immunoassay

scholarly journals Successful Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Antibody Response to Vaccination in MAGT1 Deficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215265672110562
Author(s):  
Maaz Jalil ◽  
Marija Rowane ◽  
Jayanth Rajan ◽  
Robert Hostoffer
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Protein Antigens ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Post Vaccination

Background Novel messenger RNA vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have been vital in resolving the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Detection of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) confirms immunogenicity with high sensitivity and specificity. Few recent studies with primary and secondary immunodeficient cohorts present adequate or reduced antibody response. We describe the first reported successful response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody post-vaccination in magnesium transporter 1 (MAGT1) gene deficiency, more commonly recognized as x-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr Virus infection, and neoplasia (XMEN). Case Presentation We present a 30-year-old male with selective anti-polysaccharide antibody deficiency, peripheral blood CD5  +  /CD19  +  B-cell predominance (97%), MAGT1 mutation, and reduced CD16  +  CD56  +  natural killer- and/or CD8  +  T-cell receptor, Group 2, Member D expression. His initial immunological evaluation revealed all seronegative post-vaccination antibody titers but clinically adequate response to protein antigens tetanus and diphtheria anti-toxoids. COVID-19 vaccination and associated serology antibody testing was recommended at this office visit. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG antibodies before and after the first BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine doses, as well as nucleocapsid antibody, were negative. S protein total antibody was reactive after the second dose. Discussion Robust immunological sequelae post-COVID-19 vaccination in the general population are well-documented in the recent literature. Few studies have evaluated COVID-19 vaccination antibody response in immunodeficient patients. The majority positive anti-S antibody detection in most primary immunodeficient (PID) patients among the few studies in the literature, such as the present case, support the safety and efficacy of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in immunodeficient patients, although larger scale studies are needed. Conclusion We demonstrate successful vaccination in the PID MAGT1 deficiency in this first reported case of reactive anti-S antibody post-COVID-19 vaccination.

scholarly journals A prospective, single-center study to evaluate the clinical performance of Meril ABFind in individuals vaccinated against COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanthi Shastri ◽  
Sachee Agrawal ◽  
Nirjhar Chatterjee ◽  
Harsha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Study Performance

Background: Accurate rapid antibody detection kits requiring minimum infrastructure are beneficial in detecting post-vaccination antibodies in large populations. ChAdOx1-nCOV (COVISHIELD) and BBV-152 (Covaxin) vaccines are primarily used in India. Methods: In this single-centre prospective study, performance of Meril ABFind was investigated by comparing with Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant (Abbott Quant), GenScript cPass SARS-CoV-2 neutralization antibody detection kit (GenScript cPass), and COVID Kawach MERILISA (MERILISA) in 62 vaccinated health care workers (HCW) and 40 pre-pandemic samples. Results: In the vaccinated subjects, Meril ABFind kit displayed high sensitivity of 93.3% (CI, 89.83%-96.77%), 94.92% (CI, 91.88%-97.96%), and 90.3% (CI, 86.20%-94.4%) in comparison to Abbott Quant, MERILISA, and GenScript cPass respectively. The results of the Meril ABFind in the COVISHIELD-vaccinated group were excellent with 100% sensitivity in comparison to the other three kits. In the Covaxin-vaccinated group, Meril ABFind displayed sensitivity ranging from 80% to 88.9%. In control samples, there were no false positives detected by Meril ABFind, while Abbott Quant, MERILISA, and GenScript cPass reported 2.5%, 10.0%, and 12.5% false positives, respectively. In the pre-pandemic controls, specificity of Meril ABFind was 100%, Abbott Quant 97.5%, MERILISA 90%, and GenScript cPass 87.5%. Conclusion: The Meril ABFind kit demonstrated satisfactory performance when compared with the three commercially available kits and was the only kit without false positives in the pre-pandemic samples. This makes it a viable option for rapid diagnosis of post vaccination antibodies.

scholarly journals Longitudinal serologic and viral testing post-SARS-CoV-2 infection and post-receipt of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in a nursing home cohort—Georgia, October 2020–April 2021

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farrell A Tobolowsky ◽  
Michelle Waltenburg ◽  
Erin D Moritz ◽  
Melia Haile ◽  
Juliana C DaSilva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Viral Culture ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Importance: There are limited data describing SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses and their durability following infection and vaccination in nursing home residents. Objective: To evaluate the quantitative titers and durability of binding antibodies detected after SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent COVID-19 vaccination. Design: A prospective longitudinal evaluation included nine visits over 150 days; visits included questionnaire administration, blood collection for serology, and paired anterior nasal specimen collection for testing by BinaxNOW™ COVID-19 Ag Card (BinaxNOW), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and viral culture. Setting: A nursing home during and after a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Participants: 11 consenting SARS-CoV-2-positive nursing home residents. Main Outcomes and Measures: SARS-CoV-2 testing (BinaxNOW™, RT-PCR, viral culture); quantitative titers of binding SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-infection and post-vaccination (beginning after the first dose of the primary series). Results: Of 10 participants with post-infection serology results, 9 (90%) had detectable Pan-Ig, IgG, and IgA antibodies and 8 (80%) had detectable IgM antibodies. At first antibody detection post-infection, two-thirds (6/9, 67%) of participants were RT-PCR-positive but none were culture positive. Ten participants received vaccination; all had detectable Pan-Ig, IgG, and IgA antibodies through their final observation ≤90 days post-first dose. Post-vaccination geometric means of IgG titers were 10-200-fold higher than post-infection. Conclusions and Relevance: Nursing home residents in this cohort mounted robust immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 post-infection and post-vaccination. The augmented antibody responses post-vaccination are potential indicators of enhanced protection that vaccination may confer on previously infected nursing home residents.

scholarly journals Schistosoma japonicum: The design and experimental evaluation of a multivalent DNA vaccine

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Li ◽  
Longjiang Yu ◽  
Zhi Liu ◽  
Lu Zhu ◽  
Yuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Japonicum Cercariae ◽  
Ifn Γ

AbstractThe aim of this study was to construct and evaluate the immunity efficacy of the DNA multivalent vaccine pVIVO2SjFABP-23. The vaccine was constructed and produced as follows. Forty BALB/c mice were divided into four groups designated pVIVO2, pVIVO2Sj23, pVIVO2SjFABP and pVIVO2SjFABP-23. Each mouse was immunized with 100 μg of the corresponding plasmid DNA by intramuscular injection. 28 days post-vaccination, the mice were challenged with S. japonicum cercariae, and the worm and egg burdens were determined 42 days post-challenge. Serum samples were collected from all the mice before and after vaccination and at the end of the experiment, and used for antibody detection. The IFN-γ and IL-4 levels were quantified in the supernatants of specifically stimulated spleen cells. The number of worms was reduced by 52%, 40% and 42% in mice respectively immunized with pVIVO2SjFABP-23, pVIVO2Sj23 or pVIVO2SjFABP. A respective 61%, 38% and 39% egg reduction was determined relative to those mice that only received the empty pVIVO2 plasmid. pVIVO2SjFABP-23 immunization increased IgG levels against SWAP and SEA. Increased IFN-γ levels were detected in the supernatant of specific stimulated spleen cells from mice immunized with the 3 different constructs. The multivalent DNA vaccine developed induced higher levels of protection than the two monovalent tested vaccines.

Amorphous RuTe2 Nanorods as Efficient Peroxidase Mimics for Colorimetric Immunoassay

2021 ◽  
pp. 130007
Author(s):  
Hongye Yan ◽  
Yifeng Chen ◽  
Lei Jiao ◽  
Wenling Gu ◽  
Chengzhou Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Mimics ◽  
Colorimetric Immunoassay

Morphometric analysis of cellular interactions with the endothelium during the development of arterial lesions using Scanning Electron Microscopy and digital image analysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 918-919
Author(s):  
M.E. Rosenfeld ◽  
C. Karboski ◽  
M.F. Prescott ◽  
P. Goodwin ◽  
R. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Digital Analysis ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Arterial Lesions ◽  
Scanning Electron

Previous research documenting the chronology of the cellular interactions that occur on or below the surface of the endothelium during the initiation and progression of arterial lesions, primarily consisted of descriptive studies. The recent development of lower cost image analysis hardware and software has facilitated the collection of high resolution quantitative data from microscopic images. In this report we present preliminary quantitative data on the sequence of cellular interactions that occur on the endothelium during the initiation of atherosclerosis or vasculitis utilizing digital analysis of images obtained directly from the scanning electron microscope. Segments of both atherosclerotic and normal arteries were obtained from either diet-induced or endogenously (WHHL) hypercholesterolemic rabbits following 1-4 months duration of hypercholesterolemia and age matched control rabbits. Vasculitis was induced in rats following placement of an endotoxin soaked thread adjacent to the adventitial surface of arteries.

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