Redefining Diabetes Will Lower Cost of Treatment

The pharmaceutical industrial effluents, which include several organic solvents and other toxic chemicals, are generally treated by aerobic process, which is cost intensive in nature. The alternative anaerobic route to degrade the toxic effluents is attractive due to the lower cost of treatment and the generation of gas, which can supplement the energy requirements. There are few reports on the anaerobic treatment of the pharmaceutical effluents. In the present investigation, the effluents from a bulk drug industry, which utilizes several organic chemicals, have been taken to assess their applicability for anaerobic treatment. The organic loading rates were varied from 0.25 kg/m3/day to 2.5 kg/m3/day and the COD reduction was found to be in the range of 60 to 80%. Long term operation of an anaerobic suspended film contact reactor carried out with 1.25 kg/m3/day was found to be optimum. The biogas generated during the degradation process was monitored and the methane content was found to be 60–70%.

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Postextraction Implant Placement with Immediate Provisionalisation and Finalisation, Using a Simplified Technique: Technical Notes and a Case Report

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210601206010164 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 164-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rudy Scala ◽

Paolo Ghensi ◽

Alessandro Cucchi ◽

Enrico Pistoia

Keyword(s):

Functional Outcomes ◽

Tooth Extraction ◽

Lower Cost ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Missing Teeth ◽

Maxillary Canine ◽

Cost Of Treatment ◽

Implant Placement ◽

Osseointegrated Implant ◽

Effective Option

Trauma of maxillary teeth is a common accident. In most cases, the result is a root or crown fracture requiring tooth extraction and implant placement. Immediate postextraction implants are considered an effective option for restoring missing teeth in order to achieve successful aesthetic and functional outcomes. The aim of this article is to describe a clinical case in which a fractured maxillary canine was replaced by an osseointegrated implant using a simplified technique in a patient who was a smoker and presented poor oral hygiene. The technique adopted permits a reduction of the number of implant components and consequently a lower cost of treatment, while at the same time maintaining acceptable aesthetic and functional outcomes.

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The effect of irrigation using recycled waters obtained from MBR and IDAL wastewater treatment systems on soil pH and EC under kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum) production

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2020.049 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 1313-1320

Author(s):

A. Aghajani Shahrivar ◽

D. Hagare ◽

B. Maheshwari ◽

M. Muhitur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Lower Cost ◽

Tap Water ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Cost Of Treatment ◽

Different Types ◽

Water And Soil Samples ◽

Kikuyu Grass ◽

Irrigation Waters

Abstract The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of irrigation using three different types of waters, namely treated wastewater through membrane bioreactor (MBR) system, treated wastewater via intermittently decanted aerated lagoon (IDAL) process and tap water (TW) on soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) under kikuyu grass production. No fertilizer was added during the study period (1 year). Irrigation waters and water and soil samples extracted from different soil depths were analysed in laboratory. Considerable changes occurred in soil characteristics over the study period under various treatments. Soil pH increased more than 1 unit under irrigation with treated wastewater produced by the IDAL system while soil irrigated with treated wastewater from the MBR treatment system showed little change and TW irrigated soil evidenced a slight decrease when compared to pH at the beginning of the study. There was also a remarkable increase recorded for EC1:5 of top soils irrigated with treated wastewaters compared to the initial EC of the soil. The results from this study highlighted the benefits of irrigation with treated wastewater from the MBR system due to its lower cost of treatment compared to the IDAL process while providing additional nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater for plant growth.

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Morphometric analysis of cellular interactions with the endothelium during the development of arterial lesions using Scanning Electron Microscopy and digital image analysis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100128870 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 918-919

Author(s):

M.E. Rosenfeld ◽

C. Karboski ◽

M.F. Prescott ◽

P. Goodwin ◽

R. Ross

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Image Analysis ◽

Quantitative Data ◽

Digital Image Analysis ◽

Lower Cost ◽

Matched Control ◽

Digital Analysis ◽

Cellular Interactions ◽

Arterial Lesions ◽

Scanning Electron

Previous research documenting the chronology of the cellular interactions that occur on or below the surface of the endothelium during the initiation and progression of arterial lesions, primarily consisted of descriptive studies. The recent development of lower cost image analysis hardware and software has facilitated the collection of high resolution quantitative data from microscopic images. In this report we present preliminary quantitative data on the sequence of cellular interactions that occur on the endothelium during the initiation of atherosclerosis or vasculitis utilizing digital analysis of images obtained directly from the scanning electron microscope. Segments of both atherosclerotic and normal arteries were obtained from either diet-induced or endogenously (WHHL) hypercholesterolemic rabbits following 1-4 months duration of hypercholesterolemia and age matched control rabbits. Vasculitis was induced in rats following placement of an endotoxin soaked thread adjacent to the adventitial surface of arteries.

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Global Restructuring, Knowledge and Learning

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2004-8-66-76 ◽

2004 ◽

pp. 66-76

Author(s):

E. Hershberg

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Political Institutions ◽

Lower Cost ◽

International Competitiveness ◽

Value Chains ◽

Global Competitiveness ◽

Global Restructuring ◽

Intensive Exploitation ◽

High Road

The influence of globalization on international competitiveness is considered in the article. Two strategies of economic growth are pointed out: the low road, that is producing more at lower cost and lower wages, with increasingly intensive exploitation of labor and environment, and the high road, that is upgrading capabilities in order to produce better basing on knowledge. Restrictions for developing countries trying to reach global competitiveness are formulated. Special attention is paid to the concept of upgrading and opportunities of joining transnational value chains. The importance of learning and forming social and political institutions for successful upgrading of the economy is stressed.

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USE OF ENERGOPROTEIN CONCENTRATES BASED ON LUPINE IN FEEDING DAIRY COWS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE KALININGRAD REGION

Multifunctional adaptive fodder production ◽

10.33814/mak-2020-24-72-126-130 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zinaida Fedorova ◽

Yuri Tkachenko ◽

Vasily Bliadze

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Milk Production ◽

Lower Cost ◽

Protein Concentrate ◽

Biological Value ◽

Kaliningrad Region

The data on feeding dairy cows of an energy protein concentrate (EPC) are presented. EPC consists of grain of narrow-leaved lupine, flax, triticale, subjected to heat treatment on a press extruder. The effect of EPC on the change in milk production of cows was determined. The inclusion of extruded concentrate based on lupine grains in the diets of cows made it possible to obtain an increase in milk. Concentrate based on lupine, flax, triticale is equal in biological value to full-fat soy, and at a much lower cost.

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Dual Damascene Process for FatWires in Copper/FSG Technology

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-766-e5.5 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 766 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Gambino ◽

T. Stamper ◽

H. Trombley ◽

S. Luce ◽

F. Allen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Line Width ◽

Lower Cost ◽

Process Window ◽

Cmos Process ◽

Dual Damascene ◽

Damascene Process ◽

Interconnect Technology

AbstractA trench-first dual damascene process has been developed for fat wires (1.26 μm pitch, 1.1 μm thickness) in a 0.18 μm CMOS process with copper/fluorosilicate glass (FSG) interconnect technology. The process window for the patterning of vias in such deep trenches depends on the trench depth and on the line width of the trench, with the worse case being an intermediate line width (lines that are 3X the via diameter). Compared to a single damascene process, the dual damascene process has comparable yield and reliability, with lower via resistance and lower cost.

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Regioselective Gas-Phase n-Butane Transfer Dehydrogenation via Silica-Supported Pincer-Iridium Complexes

10.26434/chemrxiv.12885491.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Boris Sheludko ◽

Cristina Castro ◽

Chaitanya Khalap ◽

Thomas Emge ◽

Alan Goldman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Phase ◽

Active Site ◽

Lower Cost ◽

Open Systems ◽

Iridium Complexes ◽

Terminal Olefin ◽

Molecular Precursors ◽

Sterically Demanding ◽

Olefin Production ◽

Steam Cracking

Abstract: The production of olefins via on-purpose dehydrogenation of alkanes allows for a more efficient, selective and lower cost alternative to processes such as steam cracking. Silica-supported pincer-iridium complexes of the form [(≡SiO-R4POCOP)Ir(CO)] (R4POCOP = κ3-C6H3-2,6-(OPR2)2) are effective for acceptorless alkane dehydrogenation, and have been shown stable up to 300 °C. However, while solution-phase analogues of such species have demonstrated high regioselectivity for terminal olefin production under transfer dehydrogenation conditions at or below 240 °C, in open systems at 300 °C, regioselectivity under acceptorless dehydrogenation conditions is consistently low. In this work, complexes <a>[(≡SiO-tBu4POCOP)Ir(CO)] </a>(1) and [(≡SiO-iPr4PCP)Ir(CO)] (2) were synthesized via immobilization of molecular precursors. These complexes were used for gas-phase butane transfer dehydrogenation using increasingly sterically demanding olefins, resulting in observed selectivities of up to 77%. The results indicate that the active site is conserved upon immobilization.

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CARLSON ALLOY NITRONIC 60

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ss1029 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Nickel Alloys ◽

High Temperature Oxidation ◽

Lower Cost ◽

Impact Resistance ◽

Corrosion And Wear ◽

Temperature Oxidation ◽

High Nickel ◽

Temperature Impact

Abstract CARLSON ALLOY NITRONIC 60 is a galling- and wear-resistant austenitic stainless steel that provides a significantly lower-cost alternative to cobalt-bearing and high-nickel alloys. Corrosion resistance is superior to 304 in most media. Approximately twice the yield strength of 340 and 316. Possesses excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance and low-temperature impact resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion and wear resistance as well as forming. Filing Code: SS-1029. Producer or source: G.O. Carlson Inc.

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LDX 2101

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ss1220 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 64 (8) ◽

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Duplex Stainless Steel ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Lower Cost ◽

Heat Treating ◽

General Purpose ◽

Research Centre ◽

Excellent Performance

Abstract LDX 2101 is a low-alloyed duplex stainless designed as a general-purpose duplex stainless steel. Designed for excellent performance at lower cost. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, and tensile properties as well as fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1220. Producer or source: Outokumpu Stainless AB, Avesta Research Centre.

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