Analysis of Ocular Biometric Parameters in Patients with Cystoid Macular Edema

Relevance. Cataract surgeries are among the most frequently performed ophthalmic surgeries in the world. Despite the fact that they become less traumatic every year, such interventions are still accompanied by post-surgery complications, one of which is cystic macular edema (CME) or Irwin–Gass syndrome. Purpose. To analyze ocular biometric parameters in patients with CME. Material and Methods. The study included 40 patients (40 eyes) with post-surgery CME. All patients underwent ultrasound biometry, axial length measurement, crystalline lens thickness measurement with Bio&Pachy Meter AL-4000 (Tomey, Japan) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) with Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 (Carl Zeiss, Germany) to assess central foveal thickness. Depending on the axial length, all eyes were divided into “long” and “short” relative to the average axial length of 23.3 mm. The data was analyzed with STATISTICA 10 software (StatSoft Inc., USA). Results. The incidence of CME after uncomplicated cataract surgery in Cheboksary branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution amounted to 0.002%. Axial length among patients with CME ranged from 20.53 mm to 25.4 mm; the average value amounted to 22.67 ± 1.05 mm. The majority of eyes were “short” – 31 eyes (77.5%), whereas 9 eyes (22.5%) were “long”. “Short” eyes exhibited a greater crystalline lens thickness (4.81 ± 0.53 mm) compared to “long” eyes (4.42 ± 0.42 mm) (рM-U = 0.014). Conclusion. The development of CME after uncomplicated cataract surgery is more often observed in eyes with axial length smaller than 23.3 mm.

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Anterior Movement of the Crystalline Lens in the Process of Accommodation in Children

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/112067210701700406 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 515-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B.J. Kaluzny

Keyword(s):

Refractive Error ◽

Axial Length ◽

Crystalline Lens ◽

Posterior Pole ◽

Anterior Pole ◽

Forward Movement ◽

Ophthalmic Examination ◽

Lens Thickness ◽

Lens Position ◽

Refractive Status

Purpose To investigate changes of crystalline lens position during accommodation in children with emmetropia, myopia, and hyperopia. Methods A total of 188 children (372 eyes) from 4 to 19 years old (mean age 11.3±4.43) with cycloplegic refractive error within a range +9.00 D to −9.00 D were enrolled. After a general ophthalmic examination, ultrasound biometry was performed, with the eye at a maximal accommodative effort. Cycloplegia was induced by triple installation of 1% tropicamide drops and 30 minutes later the biometric examination was repeated. Results In emmetropic eyes in the process of accommodation, the anterior pole of the crystalline lens moved forward by 0.144±0.14 mm (p ≤ 0.001); the position of the posterior pole did not change. In myopic eyes, the anterior pole moved forward by 0.071±0.13 mm (p≤0.001) and the posterior pole moved backward by 0.039±0.10 mm (p=0.003). In hyperopic eyes, the whole lens translocated anteriorly: anterior pole moved forward by 0.242±0.16 mm (p≤ 0.001) and posterior pole moved forward by 0.036±0.09 mm (p≤0.001). Differences among emmetropia, myopia, and hyperopia were statistically significant. Forward movement of the posterior pole correlated with a low axial length of the eye, and also with plus refractive error and with a smaller accommodative increase of lens thickness. Conclusions In children, accommodative changes of the crystalline lens position depend on refractive status.

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Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser for the management of refractory cystoid macular edema consequent to complicated cataract surgery

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672120928008 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112067212092800

Author(s):

Tommaso Verdina ◽

Cecilia Ferrari ◽

Edoardo Valerio ◽

Alberto Brombin ◽

Andrea Lazzerini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Laser Treatment ◽

Cystoid Macular Edema ◽

Foveal Thickness ◽

Corrected Visual Acuity ◽

Complicated Cataract ◽

Yellow Laser ◽

Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose: To report the safety and efficacy of subthreshold micropulse yellow laser of 577 nm for a complex case of refractory pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Methods: A retrospective chart review of an interventional case report of three subthreshold micropulse yellow laser interventions for refractory pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Patient: A 77-year-old healthy female underwent pseudoexfoliative cataract surgery complicated by posterior capsule rupture and sulcus intraocular lens implantation. After 3 months, she required a scleral fixation of the same lens, due to a lack of capsular support and decentration of the intraocular lens. One month later, she experienced a severe pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (foveal thickness of 399 µm and best-corrected visual acuity of 20/80 Snellen). The condition was refractory to conventional treatments prior to subthreshold micropulse yellow laser interventions, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops, topical steroids, oral indomethacin and three sub-Tenon’s triamcinolone injections, attempted over a 14-month period. Results: Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser treatment was performed and immediate resolution was achieved and maintained for 2 months. Two cases of edema relapse were observed at 3 months from initial laser treatment and again at 4 months from the second laser treatment. Final patient’s follow-up at 6 months from the third laser treatment evidenced the absence of edema, improved visual acuity (foveal thickness of 265 µm/best-corrected visual acuity of 20/30 Snellen) and the absence of complications. Conclusions: Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser seems to be a safe and effective treatment for short-term resolution of refractory pseudophakic cystoid macular edema after complicated cataract surgery and represents a useful alternative to expensive and invasive therapies. A trend towards a longer duration of edema resolution with every subthreshold micropulse yellow laser repetition was observed.

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Repeatability and reproducibility of axial length, anterior chamber depth and crystalline lens thickness measurements using the Nidek US-500 Echoscan

African Vision and Eye Health ◽

10.4102/aveh.v74i1.16 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Khathutshelo P. Mashige

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Axial Length ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Crystalline Lens ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Lens Thickness ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

The Right

Aim: The reliability of an instrument used to collect data for clinical and research purposes is greatly important, especially when it is used to determine changes in measured ocular parameters over time. The purpose of this study was to determine the intra-session repeatability and inter-session reproducibility of axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and crystalline lens thickness (LT) measurements using the Nidek US-500 Echoscan.Method: Fifty successive automatic measurements of the above parameters were taken on the right eyes only of 12 healthy subjects aged 23–44 years old, followed by similar repeated measures after 1 week. Sample standard deviations (s.d.), precision (P) and coefficient of repeatability (COR) were calculated to determine intra-session repeatability. Coefficient of reproducibility (CRP), Bland and Altman plots, concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and paired t-tests that compared measurements obtained in the first and second sessions, were used to determine inter-session reproducibility.Results: Both the intra-session repeatability and inter-session reproducibility were within acceptable limits for the three variables assessed.Conclusion: The study showed that the Nidek US-500 Echoscan provides accurate, repeatable and reproducible measurements of AL, ACD and LT in healthy eyes. This finding will be of interest to optometrists and ophthalmologists who measure these parameters when diagnosing, managing and investigating conditions such as primary angle-closure glaucoma and keratoconus.

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Axial Length of the Eyeball Is Important in Secondary Dislocation of the Intraocular Lens, Capsular Bag, and Capsular Tension Ring Complex

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2016/6431438 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anna Klysik ◽

Katarzyna Kaszuba-Bartkowiak ◽

Piotr Jurowski

Keyword(s):

Cataract Surgery ◽

Axial Length ◽

Crystalline Lens ◽

Control Group ◽

Capsular Tension Ring ◽

Traumatic Dislocation ◽

Secondary Dislocation ◽

Ring Complex ◽

Iol Power ◽

Iol Dislocation

Purpose. To analyze the patients with secondary dislocation of CTR and IOL within 5 years from cataract surgery, to determine predisposing factors.Methods. 16 eyes of 15 patients aged66.2±6.7(from 49 to 82) with CTR/IOL complex dislocation within 5 years from cataract surgery were compared with 26 patients aged67.1±7.2(from 53 to 85), implanted with CTR during cataract surgery to manage zonule dehiscence and did not dislocate for at least 5 years, in respect of cause, axial length and IOL power, refraction, coexistent pathology, and trauma.Results. Axial length of the eyeball was23.8±1.3(from 21 to 29) in the group of patients with CTR/IOL dislocation and20.7±1.2(from 19 to 24) in patients with no dislocation present (p=0.008). Crystalline lens dislocation was diagnosed before surgery in 13 of 16 patients with CTR/IOL complex dislocation as opposed to 7 of 26 eyes in the control group (p=0.01). Pseudoexfoliation was present in 50% and 58% in both groups, respectively. Traumatic dislocation was present in 8 patients, none of them with CTR/IOL dislocation (p=0.04).Conclusion. Longer axial length may contribute to the failure of the CTR to prevent in-the-bag IOL dislocation. Traumatic dislocation appears to be well fixed with the CTR.

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Effects of diode laser photocoagulation treatment on ocular biometric parameters in premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2021.02.15 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 277-282

Author(s):

Damla Erginturk Acar ◽

◽

Zuhal Ozen Tunay ◽

Aysegul Arman ◽

Anil Barak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Laser Treatment ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Axial Length ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Biometric Parameters ◽

Lens Thickness ◽

Photocoagulation Treatment

AIM: To investigate the effects of diode laser treatment on ocular biometric parameters in premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS: Premature infants who received diode laser treatment for ROP (n=68) and premature infants with spontaneous regressed ROP without treatment (n=50) were performed longitudinal ocular biometric measurements including anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and axial length as follows: 1d prior to laser treatment, and 3, 6, 9, and 12mo after the laser treatment. RESULTS: The mean birth weight, gestational age and initial examination time values were 936.53±302.07 g, 26.66±2.42wk, 36.26±2.73wk in the treatment group and 959.78±260.08 g, 27.28±2.10wk, 36.56±2.54wk in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in these demographic characteristics of the groups. Anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and axial length demonstrated statistically significant linear increases during the study period in the two groups (P<0.001 for each). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of anterior chamber depth after laser treatment. Measurements of the lens thickness at 9th and 12th months (9th month 3.70±0.22 vs 3.60±0.21 mm, P=0.017; 12th month 3.81±0.21 vs 3.69±0.22 mm, P=0.002) and the axial length at 12th month (19.35±0.79 vs 19.13±0.54 mm, P=0.031) after laser treatment were statistically higher in the treatment group. CONCLUSION: Diode laser retinal photocoagulation treatment in premature infants seems to increase the lens thickness and axial length.

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Biometric parameters and intra ocular lens power used for cataract eyes in Karnali, Nepal

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.3126/nepjoph.v6i2.11690 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 192-196

Author(s):

Pawan Baral ◽

Nabin Baral ◽

Indra Man Maharjan ◽

Bhoj Raj Gautam ◽

Madhavendra Bhandari

Keyword(s):

Cataract Surgery ◽

Axial Length ◽

Total Sample ◽

Ocular Lens ◽

Biometric Parameters ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Case Files ◽

Iol Power ◽

The Mean ◽

Lens Power

Introduction: The biometric parameters of the eye are measured for the calculation of the intra ocular lens power to be used in cataract surgery. Objective: To report the keratometry reading, axial length and intra ocular lens power used for eyes operated for cataract in Karnali Zone, Nepal, and to compare these findings with those reported in other similar studies. Subjects and methods: The data for the study were retrospectively collected from the case files of patients who had undergone cataract surgery between January 2011 and July 2012 in Karnali Zone, Nepal. These surgeries were performed in an outreach surgical camp organized by the Himalaya Eye Hospital, Nepal, as a part of its annual program. The SPSS 16.0 and Microsoft Excel 2007 software were used for the data analysis.Results: The total number of patients taken for the study was 1055 and the total number of eyes was 1055. There were 530 (50.23%) males and 525 (49.77%) females, with the mean age of 64.34±11.25, ranging from 8 to 98 years.The mean keratometry reading for the total sample was 44.11±1.6 (range, 34.00D to 49.00D). The mean axial length for the total sample was 22.68±0.88 (range, 17.75 to 26.17). The mean IOL power for the total sample was 21.60±1.74 (range, +15.00 to +30.00).Conclusion: The biometric eye parameters of keratometry, axial length and IOL power of this study required for cataract surgery in a Karnali population are similar to those presented in other similar studies from Nepal and abroad.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nepjoph.v6i2.11690Nepal J Ophthalmol 2014; 6(12): 192-196

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Relationship between Crystalline Lens Thickness and Shape and the Identification of Anterior Ocular Segment Parameters for Predicting the Intraocular Lens Position after Cataract Surgery

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/3458548 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tsukasa Satou ◽

Kimiya Shimizu ◽

Shuntaro Tsunehiro ◽

Akihito Igarashi ◽

Sayaka Kato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cataract Surgery ◽

Intraocular Lens ◽

Prediction Error ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Crystalline Lens ◽

Lens Thickness ◽

Lens Position ◽

The Difference ◽

Segment Data

Purpose. This study was performed to investigate the relationships among crystalline lens shape, actual intraocular lens (IOL) position, and crystalline lens thickness (LT), as measured by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and to determine anterior ocular segment parameters that predict postoperative IOL position. Methods. Seventy-nine eyes of 79 patients who underwent uneventful cataract surgery were enrolled. For crystalline lens preoperative anterior segment data, the LT, and anterior, equatorial, and posterior surface depths (ASD, ESD, and PSD, respectively) of crystalline lenses were quantitatively determined. For postoperative anterior segment data, the actual IOL position was quantified. Moreover, the following correlations were analyzed: LT with the ASD, ESD, PSD, and IOL position; IOL position with the ASD, ESD, and PSD; and refractive prediction error with the difference between the predicted postoperative anterior chamber depth (ACD) of the SRK/T formula and the IOL position, ASD, ESD, and PSD (each depth minus the predicted postoperative ACD of the SRK/T formula). Results. The LT was significantly correlated with the ASD (r = -0.65) and PSD (r = 0.41), whereas it was not correlated with the ESD or IOL position. The IOL position was significantly correlated with the ASD (r = 0.67), ESD (r = 0.72), and PSD (r = 0.74). The refractive prediction error was significantly correlated with the difference between the predicted postoperative ACD of the SRK/T formula and the IOL position (r = 0.65), ASD (r = 0.46), ESD (r = 0.54), and PSD (r = 0.58). Conclusions. The ESD and PSD obtained using AS-OCT were highly correlated with the IOL position and significantly correlated with the refractive prediction error. These findings suggest that the ESD and PSD may enhance the accuracy of actual IOL position prediction.

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Prevalence of diabetes and diabetic macular edema in patients undergoing senile cataract surgery in Italy: The DIabetes and CATaract study

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672119830578 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 315-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Giacomo Panozzo ◽

Giovanni Staurenghi ◽

Giulia Dalla Mura ◽

Diana Giannarelli ◽

Giovanni Alessio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cataract Surgery ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Age Groups ◽

Senile Cataract ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Foveal Thickness ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Clinically Significant Macular Edema ◽

Clinically Significant

Background:The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes and diabetic macular edema in patients undergoing senile cataract surgery in Italy.Methods:It is a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study. Thirteen ophthalmic units equally distributed across the Italian territory have been involved in the study. For a period of 3 months, all subjects undergoing phacoemulsification received an Optical Coherence Tompgraphy (OCT) scan and were screened for the anamnestic presence of diabetes. In addition, five selected units collected blood samples from all their patients to measure glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and detect the presence of occult diabetes (HbA1c > 6.5%). In diabetic patients, levels of retinopathy were measured and diabetic macular edema was considered significant (clinically significant macular edema) when foveal thickness was above 30% of normal levels.Results:A total number of 3657 subjects have been screened. Among them, 20.4% were diabetics. Prevalence of diabetes was significantly higher in males (24.7%) than in females (17%). Levels of HbA1c were tested in a representative sample of 1216 consecutive subjects, and occult diabetes was diagnosed in 4.8% of cases. No significant differences were observed between age groups or different geographic areas. Among diabetic patients, diabetic macular edema of any kind was present in 27.5% (clinically significant macular edema (6.6%)). No significant differences were seen in the prevalence of diabetic macular edema between males and females or between age groups. Among the 745 diabetic patients, no signs of retinopathy were seen in 537 subjects (76.3%), while 101 patients (14.3%) had nonproliferative retinopathy, 13 (1.7%) had nontreated proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and 53 (7.5%) had laser-treated retinopathy. In the entire sample of 3657 subjects, a normal macula was present in 90.9% of cases, diabetic macular edema of any kind in 5.4%, and other maculopathies in 3.4%.Conclusion:In this large cohort study on patients undergoing cataract surgery, more than one-fourth were diabetics and more than one-fourth of these had diabetic macular edema. These high prevalences suggest the opportunity to plan an adequate preoperative assessment in all patients in order to reduce the risk of postoperative development or worsening of a sight-threatening complication such as chronic diabetic macular edema.

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Associations of lens thickness and axial length with outcomes of laser peripheral iridotomy

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2021.05.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 714-718

Author(s):

Ya-Meng Liu ◽

◽

Long-Fang Zhou ◽

Jie Lan ◽

Cheng-Cheng Feng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Axial Length ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Angle Closure ◽

Laser Peripheral Iridotomy ◽

Biometric Parameters ◽

Lens Thickness ◽

Primary Angle Closure ◽

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma ◽

Peripheral Iridotomy

AIM: To investigate the association of axial length (AL), lens thickness (LT), and lens vault (LV) with postoperative anterior chamber angle metrics after laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI). METHODS: Prospective observational study of 69 patients (97 eyes) were diagnosed as primary angle-closure suspect (PACS), primary angle closure (PAC) or primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). AL, LT, anterior central chamber depth (ACD), angle opening distance (AOD), trabecular iris angle (TIA), and angle recess area (ARA) were measured before and 1wk after LPI. The association between AL, LT, LV with ACD, AOD, TIA, ARA were analyzed by comparing the differences between preoperative and postoperative measurements for anterior segment biometric parameters. RESULTS: ACD, AOD, TIA, and ARA were significantly increased after LPI (all P<0.05). Greater LT was significantly associated with greater postoperative increases in ACD, AOD, TIA, and ARA (all P<0.05). AL was not significantly associated with changes of anterior segment biometric parameters. Greater LV was significantly associated with greater postoperative increases in ACD, AOD, and TIA (all P<0.05), but was not significantly associated with changes of ARA. CONCLUSION: Greater baseline LT and LV measurements are associated with greater increases in anterior segment biometric parameters after laser peripheral iridotomy. AL are not associated with the change of anterior segment biometric parameters.

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Comparison of Perioperative Ranibizumab Injections for Diabetic Macular Edema in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2016/7945619 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Erhan Yumuşak ◽

Kemal Örnek

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Macular Edema ◽

Diabetic Macular Edema ◽

Intravitreal Ranibizumab ◽

Foveal Thickness ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Baseline Visual Acuity

Purpose. To compare the efficacy of perioperative ranibizumab injections on diabetic macular edema (DME) in patients undergoing cataract surgery.Methods. This study included 59 eyes of 59 patients. All patients had advanced cataract with DME and underwent an uneventful phacoemulsification surgery. There were 3 subgroups. The first group received intravitreal ranibizumab injection 2 weeks preoperatively, the second group received intraoperatively, and the third group received 2 weeks postoperatively. Follow-up examinations were performed at 1 week as well as at 1 and 3 months.Results. Baseline visual acuity showed a significant increase in all groups at 1 month. In group 1, compared to baseline value, foveal thickness (FT) increased significantly at 1 month and showed a significant decrease up to month 3. In group 2, FT increased at month 1 and this continued up to month 3. In group 3, FT increased at month 1 and was almost stable up to month 3. There were not any significant differences for visual acuity and FT between the groups.Conclusions. Although intrapostoperative ranibizumab injection for DME seems to be more effective than preoperative injections in patients undergoing cataract surgery, the treatment still needs to be continued following surgery.

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