scholarly journals RESISTANCE DURABILITY OF SEVERAL RICE CULTIVARS AGAINST RICE TUNGRO DISEASE IN SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Rosida ◽  
Tutik Kuswinanti ◽  
Nur Amin ◽  
Andi Nasruddin
Keyword(s):  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Rice Tungro Disease ◽  
Resistance Durability

Transfer of transgenes for resistance to rice tungro disease into high-yielding rice cultivars through gene-based marker-assisted selection

2012 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 610-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. ROY ◽  
A. BANERJEE ◽  
J. TARAFDAR ◽  
B. K. SENAPATI ◽  
I. DASGUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus ◽  
35S Promoter ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rice Tungro Spherical Virus ◽  
Challenge Inoculation ◽  
Rice Line ◽  
Rice Tungro Disease ◽  
Sense Orientation ◽  
Simultaneous Infection

SUMMARYRice tungro disease (RTD), caused by the simultaneous infection of rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV), is one of the major threats to sustainable rice production in South and Southeast Asia. Transgenic resistance against RTBV has been reported previously using an RNA interference (RNAi) construct (ORF IV of RTBV, placed both in sense and anti-sense orientation under CaMV 35S promoter), in the scented rice line Pusa Basmati-1 (PB-1). This construct was transferred to two high-yielding tungro-susceptible indica rice cultivars (IET4094 and IET4786) from the transgenic PB-1 rice line using back cross breeding till the BC2F3 stage. On challenge inoculation, the progenies (BC2F1) showed mild symptoms of tungro, in contrast to severe symptoms displayed by the recurrent parents. Segregation of the transgene indicated near homozygosity of the plants at the BC2F3 stage, implying that the lines can be used as a valuable resistance source for further breeding against RTD.

scholarly journals Gambaran aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak beras hitam (Oryza sativa L.) kultivar Pare Ambo Sulawesi Selatan

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raven G. Katiho ◽  
Shirley E. S. Kawengian ◽  
Nelly Mayulu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Good Potential

Abstract: The objective of this research is to determine the antioxidant activity of the extracts of black rice cultivars Pare Ambo, South Sulawesi. Black rice Pare Ambo cultivars, South Sulawesi extracted with 70% ethanol by maceration. After that, the extract tested antioxidant activity using DPPH with concentration 50, 100, 200, 400, 500 ppm, and methods FRAP for the determination of total content of antioxidants at concentrations 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 ppm. Research results using DPPH antioxidant test showed a concentration of 50 ppm has an activity that is the lowest free-radical scavengers 22% and 400 ppm had a prophylactic activity of free radicals highest 84,60%. While FRAP method showed a concentration of 600 ppm had the lowest total antioxidant that is 177,64 mmol/g and a concentration of 1000 ppm has the highest total antioxidant that is 272,94 mmol/g. Results of this research concluded that the extract of black rice cultivars Pare Ambo, South Sulawesi has a good potential antioxidant activity.Keywords: black rice, extract, antioxidants, DPPH, FRAPAbstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak beras hitam kultivar Pare Ambo, Sulawesi Selatan. Beras hitam kultivar Pare Ambo, Sulawesi Selatan diekstrak dengan pelarut etanol 70% dengan cara maserasi. Setelah itu, ekstrak diuji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH dengan konsentrasi 50, 100, 200, 400, 500 ppm, dan metode FRAP untuk penentuan kandungan total antioksidan dengan konsentrasi 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 ppm. Hasil penelitian pengujian antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH menunjukkan konsentrasi 50 ppm memiliki aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas terendah yaitu 22% dan konsentrasi 400 ppm memiliki aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas tertinggi yaitu 84,60%. Sedangkan metode FRAP menunjukkan konsentrasi 600 ppm memiliki total antioksidan paling rendah yaitu 177,64 mmol/g dan konsentrasi 1000 ppm memiliki total antioksidan paling tinggi yaitu 272,94 mmol/g. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak beras hitam kultivar Pare Ambo, Sulawesi Selatan memiliki potensi aktivitas antioksidan yang baik.Kata kunci: beras hitam, ekstrak, antioksidan, DPPH, FRAP

Integrated management of rice tungro disease in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sama ◽  
A. Hasanuddin ◽  
I. Manwan ◽  
R.C. Cabunagan ◽  
H. Hibino
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Rice Tungro Disease

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study on the Current Status of Rice Tungro Disease in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-231
Author(s):  
Nur Rosida ◽  
Tutik Kuswinanti ◽  
Nur Amin ◽  
Andi Nasruddin
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Current Status ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Rice Tungro Disease

scholarly journals Characterization of Oryza rufipogon–Derived Resistance to Tungro Disease in Rice

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 1386-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Shibata ◽  
Rogelio C. Cabunagan ◽  
Pepito Q. Cabauatan ◽  
Il-Ryong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Oryza Rufipogon ◽  
Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Susceptible Parent ◽  
Rice Tungro Spherical Virus ◽  
Rice Tungro Disease ◽  
Apparent Resistance

Rice tungro disease (RTD) is caused by the interaction between Rice tungro spherical virus (RTSV) and Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV), both of which are transmitted by green leafhoppers (GLH). In order to define the resistance against RTD in rice cv. Matatag 9 which was developed by interspecific hybridization between RTD-susceptible cv. IR64 and Oryza rufipogon, the reactions of Matatag 9 to the viruses and GLH were evaluated in comparison with RTD-susceptible and -resistant rice cultivars. The incidences of infection with RTSV and RTBV in Matatag 9 were significantly lower than those in the susceptible parent cv. IR64; however, no substantial differences in virus accumulation were observed between IR64 and Matatag 9 once infected with the viruses. Symptoms in Matatag 9 infected with RTBV and RTSV were milder than those observed in IR64. A higher level of antixenosis to GLH was observed in Matatag 9 compared with IR64. The levels of antibiosis against GLH in Matatag 9 were comparable with those in another GLH-resistant cultivar, and significantly higher than those in RTD-susceptible cultivars. Collectively, these results suggest that tolerance to tungro viruses and resistance to GLH both contribute to the apparent resistance to RTD in Matatag 9, although possible involvement of other resistance mechanisms cannot be excluded.

scholarly journals PENYEMPURNAAN PENGENDALIAN TERPADU PENYAKIT TUNGRO DENGAN STRATEGI MENGHIDARI INFEKSI DAN PERGILIRAN VARIETAS TAHAN

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
Burhanuddin Burhanuddin ◽  
I Nyoman Widiarta
Keyword(s):  
Virus Resistance ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Climate Anomaly ◽  
Green Leafhopper ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Rice Tungro Disease ◽  
Fluctuation Pattern ◽  
Almost All

Refining integrated rice tungro disease management based on escaped strategy and varieties rotation. Rice tungro virus transmitted mainly by green leafhopper, N. virescens, infected rice in central rice  production in Indonesia. Tungro epidemic in South Sulawesi were succesfully controlled by integrating appropriate planting time and rotation of green leafhopper resistant varieties since 1973. Tungro was reported in 1998 after climate anomaly, caused by El-Nino and La-Nina. Pattern of green leafhopper population fluctuation and tungro disease incidence and green leafhopper adaptation to green leafhopper resistance variety were evaluated. The results showed that the fluctuation pattern of green leafhopper population in Lanrang which represents of areas  in Eastern Coarse of South Sulawesi  has changed. Green leafhopper colonies from endemic area in South Sulawesi were almost all well adapted to 4 groups of green leafhopper resistance varieties. Therefore it was suggested to adjust planting date and recommended to plant tungro virus resistance variety instead of green leafhopper resistance varieties.

Immaterial Cost and Production: Maximum Production Cost Level Through Marginal Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-149
Author(s):  
Dini Maulana Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Marginal Cost ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Sugar Factory ◽  
Maximum Production ◽  
Cost Approach ◽  
South Sulawesi

This paper will discuss about the immaterial costs and production yields at one of the refined sugar factory companies in Makassar, South Sulawesi. The theory is based on the fact that Immaterial is a cost that is almsgiving, meaning costs that are outside of the basic costs of the company in producing production, so this research aims to find out: (1) what is the production cost needed to produce this production, (2) the maximum level of production at company from 2013 to 2017. This type of research is a quantitative study because it uses a questionnaire in the form of values ​​that are processed using the marginal cost approach formula. The results of the analysis show that (1) the maximum level of production costs occurred in 2016 amounting to 6,912 with an Immaterial cost of Rp. 2,481,796,800 and the total production produced is 359,077.3 tons (2) The required workforce with the total production produced is 359,077.3 tones of 180 people including the maximum production point which means that the lowest value is achieved (optimal).    

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