Wnt Signaling in Immune Cell Regulation During Microbial Infection and Cancer

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Cell Regulation

scholarly journals Editorial: Wnt Signaling in Immune Cell Regulation During Microbial Infection and Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje Blumenthal ◽  
Elena Martin-Orozco ◽  
Jere W. McBride ◽  
Dennis A. Carson ◽  
Malini Sen
Keyword(s):  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Cell Regulation

scholarly journals Wnt Signaling in the Regulation of Immune Cell and Cancer Therapeutics

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haseeb ◽  
Pirzada ◽  
Ain ◽  
Choi
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
Cell Regulation ◽  
Essential Function ◽  
Cancer Immunotherapies

Wnt signaling is one of the important pathways to play a major role in various biological processes, such as embryonic stem-cell development, tissue regeneration, cell differentiation, and immune cell regulation. Recent studies suggest that Wnt signaling performs an essential function in immune cell modulation and counteracts various disorders. Nonetheless, the emerging role and mechanism of action of this signaling cascade in immune cell regulation, as well as its involvement in various cancers, remain debatable. The Wnt signaling in immune cells is very diverse, e.g., the tolerogenic role of dendritic cells, the development of natural killer cells, thymopoiesis of T cells, B-cell-driven initiation of T-cells, and macrophage actions in tissue repair, regeneration, and fibrosis. The purpose of this review is to highlight the current therapeutic targets in (and the prospects of) Wnt signaling, as well as the potential suitability of available modulators for the development of cancer immunotherapies. Although there are several Wnt inhibitors relevant to cancer, it would be worthwhile to extend this approach to immune cells.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of SFRP Family Members Prognostic Value and Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Dehua Liu ◽  
Chenyu Sun ◽  
Nahyun Kim ◽  
Chandur Bhan ◽  
John Pocholo Whitaker Tuason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
System Development ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Immune System Development ◽  
Precision Therapy ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer globally. Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRP) are important elements associated with the Wnt signaling pathway, and its dysregulated expression is found in multiple cancers. However, the function of distinct SFRPs in GC remains poorly understood. We investigated the differential expression, prognostic value, and immune cell infiltration of SFRPs in gastric cancer patients from the Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier plotter, cBioPortal, STRING, Gene-MANIA, DAVID, MethSurv, and TIMER databases. We found that the expression levels of SFRP2 and SFRP4 were significantly increased in GC tissues, whereas the SFRP1 and SFRP5 expressions were reduced. SFRP1, SFRP2, and SFRP5 were significantly correlated with the clinical cancer stage in GC patients. Higher expression of SFRPs was associated with short overall survival (OS) in GC patients. Besides, high SFRPs methylation showed favorable OS in GC patients. The functions of SFRPs were primarily related to the Wnt signaling pathway, immune system development, and basal cell carcinoma. The expression of SFRPs was strongly correlated with immune infiltrating cells, including CD4+ T cells and macrophages in GC. Our study indicated that SFRPs could be potential targets of precision therapy and prognostic biomarkers for the survival of GC patients.

scholarly journals Immune cell regulation of liver regeneration and repair

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Markose ◽  
P. Kirkland ◽  
P. Ramachandran ◽  
N.C. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Regulation

scholarly journals Canonical Wnt Signaling in CD11c+ APCs Regulates Microbiota-Induced Inflammation and Immune Cell Homeostasis in the Colon

2018 ◽  
Vol 200 (9) ◽  
pp. 3259-3268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Swafford ◽  
Arulkumaran Shanmugam ◽  
Punithavathi Ranganathan ◽  
Mohamed S. Hussein ◽  
Pandelakis A. Koni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Canonical Wnt Signaling ◽  
Cell Homeostasis ◽  
Canonical Wnt

scholarly journals Platelet Induced Functional Alteration of CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells in HNSCC

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7507
Author(s):  
Christina Polasky ◽  
Franziska Wendt ◽  
Ralph Pries ◽  
Barbara Wollenberg
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Spatial Separation ◽  
Cell Regulation ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
T Cell Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Functions

Platelets (PLT) are the second most abundant cell type in human blood and exert various immune-regulatory functions under both physiological and pathological conditions. In fact, immune cell regulation via platelets has been demonstrated in several studies within the past decade. However, the exact mechanisms behind T cell regulation remain poorly understood. We questioned whether the formation of aggregates of platelets and T cells has an impact on T-cell functions. In the present study, we stimulated PBMC cultures with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mABs and cultured them at a PLT: PBMC ratio of 1:1 or 100:1. After 24, 48, and 72 h, PD-1, PD-L1 expression, and proliferation were analyzed on T cells using flow cytometry. Cytokine production was measured in PHA stimulated CD4 cells after 6 h. We found a significant platelet-mediated decrease in PD-1 and PD-L1 expression, proliferation, as well as IFN-γ and TNF-α production. Perturbations also at least partially remained after spatial separation of PLTs from PBMCs in Transwell-assays. T cell-platelet aggregates showed similar levels of activation markers, proliferation, and secreted cytokines as their non-complexed counterparts. Results indicate a platelet mediated regulation of T cells via direct and indirect contact, but only mediocre effects of the complex formation itself.

Lrrk2 alleles modulate inflammation during microbial infection of mice in a sex-dependent manner

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (511) ◽  
pp. eaas9292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojan Shutinoski ◽  
Mansoureh Hakimi ◽  
Irene E. Harmsen ◽  
Michaela Lunn ◽  
Juliana Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Newborn Mouse ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Mutant Lrrk2 ◽  
Cell Chemotaxis

Variants in the leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2) gene are associated with Parkinson’s disease, leprosy, and Crohn’s disease, three disorders with inflammation as an important component. Because of its high expression in granulocytes and CD68-positive cells, LRRK2 may have a function in innate immunity. We tested this hypothesis in two ways. First, adult mice were intravenously inoculated with Salmonella typhimurium, resulting in sepsis. Second, newborn mouse pups were intranasally infected with reovirus (serotype 3 Dearing), which induced encephalitis. In both mouse models, wild-type Lrrk2 expression was protective and showed a sex effect, with female Lrrk2-deficient animals not controlling infection as well as males. Mice expressing Lrrk2 carrying the Parkinson’s disease–linked p.G2019S mutation controlled infection better, with reduced bacterial growth and longer animal survival during sepsis. This gain-of-function effect conferred by the p.G2019S mutation was mediated by myeloid cells and was abolished in animals expressing a kinase-dead Lrrk2 variant, p.D1994S. Mouse pups with reovirus-induced encephalitis that expressed the p.G2019S Lrrk2 mutation showed increased mortality despite lower viral titers. The p.G2019S mutant Lrrk2 augmented immune cell chemotaxis and generated more reactive oxygen species during virulent infection. Reovirus-infected brains from mice expressing the p.G2019S mutant Lrrk2 contained higher concentrations of α-synuclein. Animals expressing one or two p.D1994S Lrrk2 alleles showed lower mortality from reovirus-induced encephalitis. Thus, Lrrk2 alleles may alter the course of microbial infections by modulating inflammation, and this may be dependent on the sex and genotype of the host as well as the type of pathogen.

G-CSF in tumors: Aggressiveness, tumor microenvironment and immune cell regulation

Cytokine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 155479
Author(s):  
Ioannis Karagiannidis ◽  
Eralda Salataj ◽  
Erika Said Abu Egal ◽  
Ellen J. Beswick
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Regulation
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