scholarly journals COVID-19 Impact on Community-Based Participatory Randomized Controlled Trials—Lessons From the Oral Health Disparities in Children Consortium

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Ramos-Gomez ◽  
Molly A. Martin ◽  
Suchitra S. Nelson ◽  
Belinda Borrelli ◽  
Michelle M. Henshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Oral Health Disparities ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Dental Providers

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on nearly every sector of science and industry worldwide, including a significant disruption to clinical trials and dentistry. From the beginning of the pandemic, dental care was considered high risk for viral transmission due to frequent aerosol-generating procedures. This resulted in special challenges for dental providers, oral health care workers, patients, and oral health researchers. By describing the effect that the COVID-19 pandemic had on four community-based randomized clinical trials in the Oral Health Disparities in Children (OHDC) Consortium, we highlight major challenges so researchers can anticipate impacts from any future disruptions.

L-arginine effect on inflammatory mediators: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Reza Mirhafez ◽  
Mitra Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Factor Α

Abstract. L-arginine is an important factor in several physiological and biochemical processes. Recently, scientists studied L-arginine effect on inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). We conducted a systematic review on randomized controlled trials assessing L-arginine effect on inflammatory mediators. We searched data bases including Google scholar, ISI web of science, SCOPUS, and PubMed/Medline up to April 2019. Randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of L-arginine on inflammatory mediators in human adults were included. Our search retrieved eleven articles with 387 participants. Five articles were on patients with cancer and 6 articles were on adults without cancer. L-arginine was applied in enteral form in 5 articles and in oral form in 6 articles. Eight articles were on both genders, two articles were on women, and one article was on men. L-arginine could not reduce inflammatory mediators among patients with and without cancer except one article which indicated that taking L-arginine for 6 months decreased IL-6 among cardiopathic nondiabetic patients. Our results indicated that L-arginine might not be able to reduce selected inflammatory mediators, but for making a firm decision more studies are needed to be conducted with longer intervention duration, separately on male and female and with different doses of L-arginine.

Knowledge awareness and practice of oral health among health care workers - A cross section institution study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Saritha Maloth ◽  
◽  
Archana Archana Mukunda ◽  
Shrinivas TR ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Care Workers

scholarly journals Enhancing Patient Centricity and Advancing Innovation in Clinical Research with Virtual Randomized Clinical Trials (vRCTs)

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Raphael A. Yaakov ◽  
Özgür Güler ◽  
Tim Mayhugh ◽  
Thomas E. Serena
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Healthcare Needs

The current public health crisis has highlighted the need to accelerate healthcare innovation. Despite unwavering levels of cooperation among academia, industry, and policy makers, it can still take years to bring a life-saving product to market. There are some obvious limitations, including lack of blinding or masking and small sample size, which render the results less applicable to the real world. Traditional randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are lengthy, expensive, and have a low success rate. There is a growing acknowledgement that the current process no longer fully meets the growing healthcare needs. Advances in technology coupled with proliferation of telehealth modalities, sensors, wearable and connected devices have paved the way for a new paradigm. Virtual randomized controlled trials (vRCTs) have the potential to drastically shorten the clinical trial cycle while maximizing patient-centricity, compliance, and recruitment. This new approach can inform clinical trials in real time and with a holistic view of a patient’s health. This paper provides an overview of virtual clinical trials, addressing critical issues, including regulatory compliance, data security, privacy, and ownership.

Oral Health Disparities and Inequities in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-273
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Henshaw ◽  
Steven Karpas
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Health Disparities

Methods for Evaluating the Protective Activity of Intravenous Immunoglobulins for Neonatal Pathogens: Entanglement or Encouragement?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-997
Author(s):  
CAROL J. BAKER ◽  
MORVEN S. EDWARDS
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulins ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Reducing neonatal mortality is a goal common among health care workers. However, the means by which to achieve this goal may engender debate and cause confusion. It is inherently attractive to consider human immunoglobulin prepared for intravenous use as an adjunct to therapy for neonatal sepsis, especially in those preterm infants who have the highest incidence and mortality. Before we embark on difficult and costly clinical trials to determine the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) as adjunctive therapy, however, two hurdles must be surmounted. Commercial preparations of IVIG must be proved to be safe in neonates and there must be the promise that their benefit will outweigh both risk and cost.

scholarly journals Effects of Neural Mobilization Techniques on Painand Disabilityin PatientsWith Neurodynamic Dysfunction: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Shamsi ◽  
Khosro Khademi-Kalantari ◽  
Farshad Okhovatian
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Type Headache

Introduction: Neural mobilization is the most important  technique  used for the treatment  of nervous system dysfunction. This study aimed to systematically review and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of neural mobilization techniques in nervous system dysfunctions by assessing Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials (RCTs). Materials and Methods: We used all English papers published in five electronic databases from 2000 to 2020 using the following keywords: “neural mobilization”, “nerve mobilization”, “physical therapy”, “nerve glide exercises”, “neural stretching”, “neurodynamics”, and “neural physiotherapy”. The full text of the articles identified was reviewed to select papers specifically discussing neural mobilization as a treatment modality. The PEDro scale was used to assess the quality of these trials. The randomized clinical trials were selected that examined the therapeutic effect of neural mobilization. Results: Twelve RCTs were identified. Five RCTs used the same median nerve tensioning technique in patients  with Carpal Tunnel  Syndrome  (CTS).  In some studies, the methods  of neural mobilization were different. Fourteen papers examined different neurodynamic dysfunctions such as lateral epicondylalgia, radicular neck pain, postoperative spinal surgery, radicular low back pain, and chronic tension-type headache. There is moderate evidence (Level 2) to support distal nerve tensioning and tendon gliding techniques in CTS Also, there was limited (Level 3) and insufficient (Level 4) evidence about using cervical lateral gliding away from their involved side and upper limb tension test mobilization and the use of slump stretches and combinations techniques in the treatment of neurodynamic dysfunction, respectively. Besides, all studies reported a positive effect compared to neutral effects. Conclusion: Although clinicians frequently use neuromobilization techniques for both diagnosis and treatment of nervous system dysfunctions, the quality assessment of 20 RCTs has shown insufficient evidence to support the efficacy of these techniques in the treatment of nervous system dysfunctions.

Oral Health Disparities and the Future Face of America

2012 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Ebersole ◽  
R. D’Souza ◽  
S. Gordon ◽  
C.H. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Health Disparities ◽  
The Future
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