Sandbox Modeling of Transrotational Tectonics With Changeable Poles: Implications for the Yinggehai Basin

The main formation of the Yinggehai Basin has been related to the rotation of the Indochina block, resulting in large-scale strike-slip motion along the Red River Fault Zone (RRFZ). Transrotational tectonics played a key role in the evolution of the Yinggehai Basin. In this study, we present analog experiments with a preexisting basal velocity discontinuity boundary, rotation of crustal blocks concerning vertical axes, and syntectonic sedimentations to evaluate how the transrotational tectonics controls the evolutionary process of the Yinggehai Basin. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to monitor the deformation of the model surface. Four successive poles of rotation have been applied to the model. The basin evolution underwent two phases. An early phase of deformation is characterized by the nucleation of the main internal faults above the velocity discontinuity boundary and segmented en echelon border fault systems. In the early phase, the internal and boundary faults mainly accommodated large-scale strike-slip displacement. During progressive extension, the main internal faults deactivated, and tectonic activity is localized along the boundary and secondary internal faults in the late phase. The boundary faults in the rotating block play a dominant role in the widening and deepening of the rift zone at an accelerating rate. The model surface morphology shows similarities to the Yinggehai Basin, which is wide in the middle and converges toward the northwest and southeast. In addition, experimental profiles have been compared with seismic profiles in the Yinggehai Basin. The model results also indicate that the rotation of the Indochina block combines with strong strike-slip motion. The similarities between modeling and nature provide support for ∼250 km sinistral displacement along the RRFZ between ∼32 and ∼21 Ma.

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The effects of strike-slip motion along the Cobequid - Chedabucto - southwest Grand Banks fault system on the Cretaceous-Tertiary evolution of Atlantic Canada

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/e04-022 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 41 (7) ◽

pp. 799-808 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Georgia Pe-Piper ◽

David J.W Piper

Keyword(s):

Late Cretaceous ◽

Fracture Zone ◽

Large Scale ◽

Strike Slip ◽

Fault System ◽

Grand Banks ◽

Tectonic Model ◽

Geological Features ◽

Cretaceous Volcanism ◽

Slip Motion

The Newfoundland Fracture Zone, the southwest Grand Banks transform, and the CobequidChedabucto fault zone form a linked strike-slip fault system from the Atlantic Ocean to southeastern Canada. This paper suggests that several large-scale geological features in southeastern Canada are the result of a small amount of strike-slip motion on the system during the mid Cretaceous and Oligocene. Regional extension features developed in the releasing bend in the Laurentian sub-basin during the mid Cretaceous, but the same area experienced Oligocene compression. This tectonic model accounts for the distribution of mid-Cretaceous volcanism, fault-bounded basins, and regional unconformities, as well as mid to late Cretaceous subsidence of the Scotian basin and Oligocene uplift of the eastern Scotian Shelf.

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Tectono-Sedimentary Evolution of the Cenozoic Basins in the Eastern External Betic Zone (SE Spain)

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences10100394 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 394

Author(s):

Manuel Martín-Martín ◽

Francesco Guerrera ◽

Mario Tramontana

Keyword(s):

Strike Slip ◽

Alluvial Fan ◽

Tectonic Activity ◽

Time Interval ◽

Se Spain ◽

The Third ◽

Sedimentary Evolution ◽

Marine Sedimentation ◽

Geodynamic Processes ◽

Early Paleocene

Four main unconformities (1–4) were recognized in the sedimentary record of the Cenozoic basins of the eastern External Betic Zone (SE, Spain). They are located at different stratigraphic levels, as follows: (1) Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, even if this unconformity was also recorded at the early Paleocene (Murcia sector) and early Eocene (Alicante sector), (2) Eocene-Oligocene boundary, quite synchronous, in the whole considered area, (3) early Burdigalian, quite synchronous (recognized in the Murcia sector) and (4) Middle Tortonian (recognized in Murcia and Alicante sectors). These unconformities correspond to stratigraphic gaps of different temporal extensions and with different controls (tectonic or eustatic), which allowed recognizing minor sedimentary cycles in the Paleocene–Miocene time span. The Cenozoic marine sedimentation started over the oldest unconformity (i.e., the principal one), above the Mesozoic marine deposits. Paleocene-Eocene sedimentation shows numerous tectofacies (such as: turbidites, slumps, olistostromes, mega-olistostromes and pillow-beds) interpreted as related to an early, blind and deep-seated tectonic activity, acting in the more internal subdomains of the External Betic Zone as a result of the geodynamic processes related to the evolution of the westernmost branch of the Tethys. The second unconformity resulted from an Oligocene to Aquitanian sedimentary evolution in the Murcia Sector from marine realms to continental environments. This last time interval is characterized as the previous one by a gentle tectonic activity. On the other hand, the Miocene sedimentation was totally controlled by the development of superficial thrusts and/or strike-slip faults zones, both related to the regional geodynamic evolutionary framework linked to the Mediterranean opening. These strike-slip faults zones created subsidence areas (pull-apart basin-type) and affected the sedimentation lying above the third unconformity. By contrast, the subsidence areas were bounded by structural highs affected by thrusts and folds. After the third unconformity, the Burdigalian-Serravallian sedimentation occurred mainly in shallow- to deep-water marine environments (Tap Fm). During the Late Miocene, after the fourth unconformity, the activation of the strike-slip faults zones caused a shallow marine environment sedimentation in the Murcia sector and a continental (lacustrine and fluvial) deposition in the Alicante sector represented the latter, resulting in alluvial fan deposits. Furthermore, the location of these fans changed over time according to the activation of faults responsible for the tectonic rising of Triassic salt deposits, which fed the fan themselves.

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Granitoid complexes and the Archean tectonic record in the southern part of northwestern Ontario

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/e79-183 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 16 (10) ◽

pp. 1965-1977 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

W. M. Schwerdtner ◽

D. Stone ◽

K. Osadetz ◽

J. Morgan ◽

G. M. Stott

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Vertical Motion ◽

Strike Slip ◽

Horizontal Motion ◽

Tectonic Deformation ◽

Northwestern Ontario ◽

Greenstone Belts ◽

Second Period ◽

Transcurrent Faults ◽

Regional Compression

Two principal, possibly overlapping, periods of tectonic deformation can be distinguished in the Archean of northwestern Ontario, a period of dominantly vertical-motion tectonics and a period of dominantly horizontal-motion tectonics. Gigantic diapirs of foliated to gneissic tonalite–granodiorite developed during the first period and appear to be responsible for the gross structure of, and the major folds within, the metavolcanic–metasedimentary masses ("greenstone belts"). These diapirs are most likely due to mechanical remobilization of early tabular batholiths which originally intruded the oldest supracrustal rocks presently exposed. Later massive to foliated, dioritic to granitic plutons that vary from concordant, crescentic plutons to partly discordant plutons of various shapes and sizes were emplaced into the diapirs.The second period of tectonic deformation is characterized by large-scale dextral shearing and the development of major transcurrent faults under northwesterly regional compression. The strike-slip motions of this period outlasted the late plutonism, and led to the development of mylonitic zones which cut all Archean granitoid plutons.

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40Ar/39Ar dating of strike-slip motion on the Tan–Lu fault zone, East China

Journal of Structural Geology ◽

10.1016/j.jsg.2005.04.007 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 27 (8) ◽

pp. 1379-1398 ◽

Cited By ~ 160

Author(s):

Guang Zhu ◽

Yongsheng Wang ◽

Guosheng Liu ◽

Manlan Niu ◽

Chenglong Xie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fault Zone ◽

Strike Slip ◽

East China ◽

Slip Motion

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Strike-slip motion in the Minches, NW Scotland, deduced from the trends of the Scourie Dyke swarm

Journal of the Geological Society ◽

10.1144/gsjgs.150.4.0653 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 150 (4) ◽

pp. 653-656 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. J. LISLE

Keyword(s):

Strike Slip ◽

Dyke Swarm ◽

Slip Motion

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Interactions between large-scale strike-slip intersecting faults: Implication from the Tan–Lu and Xiangfan–Guangji fault zones in eastern China

International Geology Review ◽

10.1080/00206814.2021.2010135 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Tian Zhao ◽

Guang Zhu ◽

Jin Ye ◽

Zhengyan Xu ◽

Biwei Xiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Eastern China ◽

Fault Zones ◽

Strike Slip

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Delineating shallow Neogene deformation structures in northeastern Pará State using Ground Penetrating Radar

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/s0001-37652003000200009 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 235-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dilce F. Rossetti

Keyword(s):

Ground Penetrating Radar ◽

Structural Models ◽

Field Studies ◽

Strike Slip ◽

Brittle Deformation ◽

Shallow Subsurface ◽

Deformation Structures ◽

Ground Penetrating ◽

Slip Motion

The geological characterization of shallow subsurface Neogene deposits in northeastern Pará State using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) revealed normal and reverse faults, as well as folds, not yet well documented by field studies. The faults are identified mostly by steeply-dipping reflections that sharply cut the nearby reflections causing bed offsets, drags and rollovers. The folds are recognized by reflections that are highly undulating, configuring broad concave and convex-up features that are up to 50 m wide and 80 to 90 ns deep. These deformation structures are mostly developed within deposits of Miocene age, though some of the faults might continue into younger deposits as well. Although the studied GPR sections show several diffractions caused by trees, differential degrees of moisture, and underground artifacts, the structures recorded here can not be explained by any of these ''noises''. The detailed analysis of the GPR sections reveals that they are attributed to bed distortion caused by brittle deformation and folding. The record of faults and folds are not widespread in the Neogene deposits of the Bragantina area. These GPR data are in agreement with structural models, which have proposed a complex evolution including strike-slip motion for this area from the Miocene to present.

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Large Evaporite Provinces: Geothermal rather than Solar Origin?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-80284/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhanjie Qin ◽

Chunan Tang ◽

Xiying Zhang ◽

Tiantian Chen ◽

Xiangjun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Tectonic Activity ◽

Driving Mechanism ◽

Solar Origin ◽

Tectonically Active ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Thermal Influence ◽

The Masses

Abstract Large evaporite provinces (LEPs) represent prodigious volumes of evaporites widely developed from the Sinian to Neogene. The reasons why they often quickly develop on a large scale with large areas and thicknesses remain enigmatic. Possible causes range from warming from above to heating from below. The fact that the salt deposits in most salt-bearing basins occur mainly in the Sinian-Cambrian, Permian-Triassic, Jurassic-Cretaceous, and Miocene intervals favours a dominantly tectonic origin rather than a solar driving mechanism. Here, we analysed the spatio-temporal distribution of evaporites based on 138 evaporitic basins and found that throughout the Phanerozoiceon, LEPs occurred across the Earth’s surface in most salt-bearing basins, especially in areas with an evolutionary history of strong tectonic activity. The masses of evaporites, rates of evaporite formation, tectonic movements, and large igneous provinces (LIPs) synergistically developed in the Sinian-Cambrian, Permian, Jurassic-Cretaceous, and Miocene intervals, which are considered to be four of the warmest times since the Sinian. We realize that salt accumulation can proceed without solar energy and can generally be linked to geothermal changes in tectonically active zones. When climatic factors are involved, they may be manifestations of the thermal influence of the crust on the surface.

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Caledonian terrane amalgamation of Svalbard: detrital zircon provenance of Mesoproterozoic to Carboniferous strata from Oscar II Land, western Spitsbergen

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s0016756813000174 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 150 (6) ◽

pp. 1103-1126 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

DETA GASSER ◽

ARILD ANDRESEN

Keyword(s):

Detrital Zircon ◽

Large Scale ◽

Strike Slip ◽

Western Coast ◽

Zircon Age ◽

The North ◽

Tectonic History ◽

Icp Ms ◽

Depositional Age ◽

Sveconorwegian Orogen

AbstractThe tectonic origin of pre-Devonian rocks of Svalbard has long been a matter of debate. In particular, the origin and assemblage of pre-Devonian rocks of western Spitsbergen, including a blueschist-eclogite complex in Oscar II Land, are enigmatic. We present detrital zircon U–Pb LA-ICP-MS data from six Mesoproterozoic to Carboniferous samples and one U–Pb TIMS zircon age from an orthogneiss from Oscar II Land in order to discuss tectonic models for this region. Variable proportions of Palaeo- to Neoproterozoic detritus dominate the metasedimentary samples. The orthogneiss has an intrusion age of 927 ± 3 Ma. Comparison with detrital zircon age spectra from other units of similar depositional age within the North Atlantic region indicates that Oscar II Land experienced the following tectonic history: (1) the latest Mesoproterozoic sequence was part of a successor basin which originated close to the Grenvillian–Sveconorwegian orogen, and which was intruded byc. 980–920 Ma plutons; (2) the Neoproterozoic sediments were deposited in a large-scale basin which stretched along the Baltoscandian margin; (3) the eclogite-blueschist complex and the overlying Ordovician–Silurian sediments probably formed to the north of the Grampian/Taconian arc; (4) strike-slip movements assembled the western coast of Spitsbergen outside of, and prior to, the main Scandian collision; and (5) the remaining parts of Svalbard were assembled by strike-slip movements during the Devonian. Our study confirms previous models of complex Caledonian terrane amalgamation with contrasting tectonic histories for the different pre-Devonian terranes of Svalbard and particularly highlights the non-Laurentian origin of Oscar II Land.

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