scholarly journals High Resolution 3-D Simulations of Venting in 18650 Lithium-Ion Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weisi Li ◽  
Vanessa León Quiroga ◽  
K. R. Crompton ◽  
Jason K. Ostanek
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Thermal Runaway ◽  
Global Maximum ◽  
Collector Plate ◽  
Choked Flow ◽  
Velocity Magnitude ◽  
Lithium Ion Cell ◽  
Flow Through

High temperature gases released through the safety vent of a lithium-ion cell during a thermal runaway event contain flammable components that, if ignited, can increase the risk of thermal runaway propagation to other cells in a multi-cell pack configuration. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of flow through detailed geometric models of four vent-activated commercial 18650 lithium-ion cell caps were conducted using two turbulence modeling approaches: Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and scale-resolving simulations (SRS). The RANS method was compared with independent experiments of discharge coefficient through the cap across a range of pressure ratios and then used to investigate the ensemble-averaged flow field for the four caps. At high pressure ratios, choked flow occurs either at the current collector plate when flow through the current collector plate is more restrictive or the positive terminal vent holes when flow through the current collector plate is less restrictive. Turbulent mixing occurred within the vent cap assembly, in the jets emerging from the vent holes, and in recirculating zones directly above the vent cap assembly. The global maximum turbulent viscosity ratio (μT/μ) of the MTI, LG MJ1, K2, and LG M36 caps at pressure ratio of P1/P2 = 7 were 4,575, 3,360, 3,855, and 2,993, respectively. SRS and RANS simulations showed that both velocity magnitude and fluctuating velocity magnitude were lower for vent holes which are obstructed by the burst disk. SRS showed high levels of fluctuating velocity in the jets, up to 48.5% of the global maximum velocity. The present CFD models and the resulting insights provide the groundwork for future studies to investigate how jet structure and turbulence levels influence combustion and heat transfer in propagating thermal runaway scenarios.

Thermal runaway in a prismatic lithium ion cell triggered by a short circuit

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 102737
Author(s):  
Malcolm P. Macdonald ◽  
Sriram Chandrasekaran ◽  
Srinivas Garimella ◽  
Thomas F. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Short Circuit ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Thermal Runaway ◽  
Lithium Ion Cell

A New Method for Preparing Electrospinning-Derived Carbon Nanofiber Webs with Electrodeposited Sn-Sb Alloy as an Anode Material of Lithium Ion Batteries

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 1023-1028
Author(s):  
A.R. Saatchi ◽  
E. Ghanbari ◽  
A. Saatchi ◽  
K. Raeissi ◽  
H. Tavanai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Collector Plate ◽  
The Web

Electrospinning is a straightforward and low cost method for producing carbon nanofiber (CNF) webs that have interrelated pores with high surface area. The process begins with electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) on a Cu target collector. In current production methods, the PAN nanofiber web is taken off from the collector. But in order to omit extra stages of taking off the web from a conductive collector and later putting it back on, we will try to keep the web remained on the Cu collector plate through the carbonizing heat treatment and the electrodeposition, to later use the plate as the current collector of a LIB anode. This facilitates the handling of CNFs throughout the entire process that is now much more suitable for commercialization. This unique structure is very suitable for anode materials (AMs) of Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs). It improves the kinetics of charge/discharge cycles by reducing lithium transport paths, and creates more stable electrochemical performance by providing space for volume expansions of lithium insertions in charging cycles. CNF webs can be used as AMs, demonstrating these advantages over conventional carbonaceous materials that have long been used as the preferred choice-in spite of having a comparatively low theoretical capacity. In this study we use the CNF web as a template for electrodepositing Sn-Sb alloy, to create the mentioned structural characteristics in a coated layer of an alloy with a higher capacity. The resulting composite is shown to have a higher capacity than the substrate CNF and a good cycling performance.

Quantification of Lithium-ion Cell Thermal Runaway Energetics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Orendorff ◽  
Joshua Lamb ◽  
Leigh Anna Marie Steele ◽  
Scott Wilmer Spangler ◽  
Jill Louise Langendorf
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Thermal Runaway ◽  
Lithium Ion Cell

Designs to Prevent Thermal Runaway Propagation in Lithium-Ion Cell Shipping Packages

2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-01 (5) ◽  
pp. 287-287
Author(s):  
Judith Jeevarajan ◽  
Tapesh Joshi ◽  
Daniel Juarez Robles ◽  
Kanarindhana Kathirvel
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Thermal Runaway ◽  
Lithium Ion Cell

scholarly journals Lithium-ion Battery Thermal Safety by Early Internal Detection, Prediction and Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Mihit H. Parekh ◽  
Ryan A. Adams ◽  
Thomas E. Adams ◽  
Corey T. Love ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Thermal Runaway ◽  
Electrode Temperature ◽  
Exothermic Reactions ◽  
Electrode Current ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Temperature Detector ◽  
Higher Temperature

Abstract Temperature rise in Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to solid electrolyte interfaces breakdown, uncontrollable exothermic reactions in electrodes and Joule heating can result in the catastrophic failures such as thermal runaway, which is calling for reliable real-time electrode temperature monitoring. Here, we present a customized LIB setup developed for early detection of electrode temperature rise during simulated thermal runaway tests incorporating a modern additive manufacturing-supported resistance temperature detector (RTD). An advanced RTD is embedded in a 3D printed polymeric substrate and placed behind the electrode current collector of CR2032 coin cells that can sustain harsh electrochemical operational environments (acidic electrolyte without Redox, short-circuiting, leakage etc.) without participating in electrochemical reactions. The internal RTD measured an average 5.8 °C higher temperature inside the cells than the external RTD with almost 10 times faster detection ability, prohibiting thermal runaway events without interfering in the LIBs’ operation. A temperature prediction model is developed to forecast battery surface temperature rise stemming from measured internal and external RTD temperature signatures.

Heterogeneous current collector in lithium-ion battery for thermal-runaway mitigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 (8) ◽  
pp. 083902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Anh V. Le ◽  
Yang Shi ◽  
Daniel J. Noelle ◽  
Yu Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Thermal Runaway

scholarly journals Mesoporous Gold Sponge

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Cortie ◽  
Abbas I. Maaroof ◽  
Nicholas Stokes ◽  
Alessia Mortari
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Storage ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Lithium Ion Cell

Mesoporous gold sponge may be prepared by the removal of aluminium from AuAl2 by an alkaline leach. The resulting material has nanoscale pores and channels, with a high specific surface area that can be exploited in electrochemical applications. For example, the material may serve as the basis of a more sensitive capacitive sensor or biosensor, as an electrode material for a high efficiency ultracapacitor, as the semi-transparent current collector in a dye sensitized photovoltaic cell, or as the lithium storage electrode in a lithium ion cell. The properties of the sponge may be controlled by varying its density, pore size, and pore size distribution, factors which are in turn controlled by the microstructure of the precursor compound and the conditions of deposition.

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