scholarly journals Can Invasiveness in Freshwater Fishes Be Predicted From Life-History Traits?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon H. Copp ◽  
Michael G. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Lepomis Gibbosus ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Black Bullhead ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Western Asia

We review a model we developed in 2007 to predict the invasion potential of an introduced population, based on the relationship between juvenile growth (mean total length at age 2) and mean age-at-maturity, and test the model with data from 75 non-native populations of pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus in nine countries of Europe and western Asia. The database used to construct the model was derived from a mix of primary and secondary data collected between 1981 and 2016. Based on number of specimens collected or catch-per-unit-effort data, and/or comments by the original authors, populations were classified a priori as “invasive” or “non-invasive.” The plot of the proposed model placed populations in three invasiveness categories (non-invasive, transitional, invasive). Of those predicted by the model to be invasive, only 57% were correct with regard to their a priori classification, a result that was not statistically significant. For populations predicted by the model to be non-invasive, 70% were correct with regard to their a priori classification when “transitional” were grouped with non-invasive (P = 0.0024), and 64% were correct when “transitional” were excluded from the test (P = 0.12). Applications of the model to two other non-native freshwater fishes (black bullhead Ameiurus melas and crucian carp Carassius carassius) are also discussed. The lack of stronger statistical support for the model may have been the result of using life-history traits from the populations after they were introduced, as the source populations were unknown, as well as to shortcomings in the dataset that could affect a priori and modeled classifications. We conclude that such life-history models can be useful for predicting invasiveness status in non-native freshwater fishes, though the basis of the predictions, statistical or heuristic, will depend on the size and quality of the underlying life-history database.

scholarly journals The Ecology of Stress: linking life-history traits with physiological control mechanisms in free-living guanacos

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro J.A. Ovejero Aguilar ◽  
Graciela A. Jahn ◽  
Mauricio Soto-Gamboa ◽  
Andrés J. Novaro ◽  
Pablo Carmanchahi
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Animal Populations

BackgroundProviding the context for the evolution of life-history traits, habitat features constrain successful ecological and physiological strategies. In vertebrates, a key response to life’s challenges is the activation of the Stress (HPA) and Gonadal (HPG) axes. Much of the interest in stress ecology is motivated by the desire to understand the physiological mechanisms in which the environment affects fitness. As reported in the literature, several intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect variability in hormone levels. In both social and non-social animals, the frequency and type of interaction with conspecifics, as well as the status in social species, can affect HPA axis activity, resulting in changes in the reproductive success of animals. We predicted that a social environment can affect both guanaco axes by increasing the secretion of testosterone (T) and Glucocorticoid (GCs) in response to individual social interactions and the energetic demands of breeding. Assuming that prolonged elevated levels of GCs over time can be harmful to individuals, it is predicted that the HPA axis suppresses the HPG axis and causes T levels to decrease, as GCs increase.MethodsAll of the data for individuals were collected by non-invasive methods (fecal samples) to address hormonal activities. This is a novel approach in physiological ecology because feces are easily obtained through non-invasive sampling in animal populations.ResultsAs expected, there was a marked adrenal (p-value = .3.4e−12) and gonadal (p-value = 0.002656) response due to seasonal variation inLama guanicoe. No significant differences were found in fecal GCs metabolites between males/females*season for the entire study period (p-value = 0.2839). Despite the seasonal activity variation in the hormonal profiles, our results show a positive correlation (p-value = 1.952e−11, COR = 0.50) between the adrenal and gonadal system. The marked endocrine (r2 = 0.806) and gonad (r2 = 0.7231) response due to seasonal variation in male guanaco individuals highlights the individual’s energetic demands according to life-history strategies. This is a remarkable result because no inhibition was found between the axes as theory suggests. Finally, the dataset was used to build a reactive scope model for guanacos.DiscussionGuanacos cope with the trade-off between sociability and reproductive benefits and costs, by regulating their GCs and T levels on a seasonal basis, suggesting an adaptive role of both axes to different habitat pressures. The results presented here highlight the functional role of stress and gonad axes on a critical phase of a male mammal’s life—the mating period—when all of the resources are at the disposal of the male and must be used to maximize the chances for reproductive success.

scholarly journals Life-history traits and potential invasiveness of introduced pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus populations in northwestern Europe

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Cucherousset ◽  
Gordon H. Copp ◽  
Michael G. Fox ◽  
Erik Sterud ◽  
Hein H. van Kleef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Lepomis Gibbosus

scholarly journals The Ecology of Stress: linking life-history traits with physiological control mechanisms in free-living guanacos

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro J.A. Ovejero Aguilar ◽  
Graciela A Jahn ◽  
Mauricio Soto-Gamboa ◽  
Andrés Novaro ◽  
Pablo Carmanchahi
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Animal Populations

Background-Providing the context for the evolution of life-history traits, habitat features constrain successful ecological and physiological strategies. In vertebrates, a key response to life's challenges is the activation of the Stress (HPA) and Gonadal (HPG) axes. Much of the interest in stress ecology is motivated by the desire to understand the physiological mechanisms in which the environment affects fitness. As reported in the literature, several intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect variability in hormone levels. In both social and non-social animals, the frequency and type of interaction with conspecifics, as well as the status in social species, can affect HPA axis activity, resulting in changes in the reproductive success of animals. We predicted that a social environment can affect both guanaco axes by increasing the secretion of testosterone (T) and Glucocorticoid (GCs) in response to individual social interactions and the energetic demands of breeding. Assuming that prolonged elevated levels of GCs over time can be harmful to individuals, it is predicted that the HPA axis suppresses the HPG axis and causes T levels to decrease, as GCs increase. Methods-All of the data for individuals were collected by non-invasive methods (fecal samples) to address hormonal activities. This is a novel approach in physiological ecology because feces are easily obtained through non-invasive sampling in animal populations. Results- As expected, there was a marked adrenal (p-value= .344e-12) and gonadal (p-value= 0.002656) response due to seasonal variation in Lama guanicoe. No significant differences were found in fecal GCs metabolites between males/females*season for the entire study period (p-value= 0.2839). Despite the seasonal activity variation in the hormonal profiles, our results show a positive correlation (p-value= 1.952e-11,COR=0.50) between the adrenal and gonadal system. The marked endocrine (r2 = 0.806) and gonad (r2 = 0.7231) response due to seasonal variation in male guanaco individuals highlights the individual’s energetic demands according to life-history strategies. This is a remarkable result because no inhibition was found between the axes as theory suggests. Finally, the dataset was used to build a reactive scope model for guanacos. Discussion-Guanacos cope with the trade-off between sociability and reproductive benefits and costs, by regulating their GCs and T levels on a seasonal basis, suggesting an adaptive role of both axes to different habitat pressures. The results presented here highlight the functional role of stress and gonad axes on a critical phase of a male mammal's life—the mating period—when all of the resources are at the disposal of the male and must be used to maximize the chances for reproductive success.

scholarly journals The Ecology of Stress: linking life-history traits with physiological control mechanisms in free-living guanacos

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro J.A. Ovejero Aguilar ◽  
Graciela A Jahn ◽  
Mauricio Soto-Gamboa ◽  
Andrés Novaro ◽  
Pablo Carmanchahi
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Animal Populations

Background-Providing the context for the evolution of life-history traits, habitat features constrain successful ecological and physiological strategies. In vertebrates, a key response to life's challenges is the activation of the Stress (HPA) and Gonadal (HPG) axes. Much of the interest in stress ecology is motivated by the desire to understand the physiological mechanisms in which the environment affects fitness. As reported in the literature, several intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect variability in hormone levels. In both social and non-social animals, the frequency and type of interaction with conspecifics, as well as the status in social species, can affect HPA axis activity, resulting in changes in the reproductive success of animals. We predicted that a social environment can affect both guanaco axes by increasing the secretion of testosterone (T) and Glucocorticoid (GCs) in response to individual social interactions and the energetic demands of breeding. Assuming that prolonged elevated levels of GCs over time can be harmful to individuals, it is predicted that the HPA axis suppresses the HPG axis and causes T levels to decrease, as GCs increase. Methods-All of the data for individuals were collected by non-invasive methods (fecal samples) to address hormonal activities. This is a novel approach in physiological ecology because feces are easily obtained through non-invasive sampling in animal populations. Results- As expected, there was a marked adrenal (p-value= .344e-12) and gonadal (p-value= 0.002656) response due to seasonal variation in Lama guanicoe. No significant differences were found in fecal GCs metabolites between males/females*season for the entire study period (p-value= 0.2839). Despite the seasonal activity variation in the hormonal profiles, our results show a positive correlation (p-value= 1.952e-11,COR=0.50) between the adrenal and gonadal system. The marked endocrine (r2 = 0.806) and gonad (r2 = 0.7231) response due to seasonal variation in male guanaco individuals highlights the individual’s energetic demands according to life-history strategies. This is a remarkable result because no inhibition was found between the axes as theory suggests. Finally, the dataset was used to build a reactive scope model for guanacos. Discussion-Guanacos cope with the trade-off between sociability and reproductive benefits and costs, by regulating their GCs and T levels on a seasonal basis, suggesting an adaptive role of both axes to different habitat pressures. The results presented here highlight the functional role of stress and gonad axes on a critical phase of a male mammal's life—the mating period—when all of the resources are at the disposal of the male and must be used to maximize the chances for reproductive success.

scholarly journals A review of growth and life-history traits of native and non-native European populations of black bullhead Ameiurus melas

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon H. Copp ◽  
Ali Serhan Tarkan ◽  
Gérard Masson ◽  
Michael J. Godard ◽  
Ján Koščo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Black Bullhead ◽  
European Populations ◽  
Ameiurus Melas

Population effects and changes in life history traits in relation to phase transitions induced by long-term fishery harvesting: European hake (Merluccius merluccius) off the Balearic Islands

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1355-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Hidalgo ◽  
Enric Massutí ◽  
Beatriz Guijarro ◽  
Joan Moranta ◽  
Lorenzo Ciannelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Merluccius Merluccius ◽  
European Hake

In 1980 and 1995, the European hake ( Merluccius merluccius ) population off the Balearic Islands (northwestern Mediterranean) underwent changes at both the individual level and the population level. There was a sharp decrease in abundance that coincided with a change in the seasonal catch-per-unit-effort pattern in 1980. A new population scenario emerged after 1980 characterized by an increase in the intrinsic growth rate and a decrease in carrying capacity; however, catchability remained the same. An age-structure truncation could have caused these changes, making the population more dependent on year-to-year recruitment. A change in size structure also occurred in 1995, which was evidenced by a sudden decrease in the mean length-at-age (L) and abundance of recruits and a change in the density-dependent effect on recruits. As the Mediterranean trawl fishery mainly harvests recruits and juveniles and fishery harvesting induces adaptive changes in life history traits, the sharp decrease in L of recruits could be explained as a growth reduction due to the selective pressure to stay under mesh size for longer and thus maximize survival until reproduction. These individual and population transitions explain the changes in the response to the environmental forcing observed in the European hake off the Balearic Islands.

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